The scientific article examines the physical and mechanical properties of raw cotton stored in buntings in cotton palaces. Because during the storage of raw cotton in bunts, some of its properties deteriorate, some im...The scientific article examines the physical and mechanical properties of raw cotton stored in buntings in cotton palaces. Because during the storage of raw cotton in bunts, some of its properties deteriorate, some improvements. Therefore, the mathematical modeling of storage conditions of raw cotton in bunts and the physical and mechanical conditions that occur in it is of great importance. In the developed mathematical model, the main factor influencing the physical and mechanical properties of raw cotton is the change in temperature. Due to the temperature, kinetic and biological processes accumulated in the raw cotton in Bunt, it can spread over a large surface, first in a small-local state, over time with a nonlinear law. As a result, small changes in temperature lead to a qualitative change in physical properties. In determining the law of temperature distribution in the raw cotton in Bunt, Laplace’s differential equation of heat transfer was used. The differential equation of heat transfer in Laplace’s law was replaced by a system of ordinary differential equations by approximation. Conditions are solved in MAPLE-17 program by numerical method. As a result, graphs of temperature changes over time in raw cotton were obtained. In addition, the table shows the changes in density, pressure and mass of cotton, the height of the bun. As the density of the cotton raw material increases from the top layer of the bunt to the bottom layer, an increase in the temperature in it has been observed. This leads to overheating of the bottom layer of cotton and is the main reason for the deterioration of the quality of raw materials.展开更多
目的分析中国健康定量CT大数据(China Biobank)相关数据,旨在建立中国人群腰椎骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)的正常参考值数据库。方法2018年6月到2019年6月,China Biobank共纳入69811例低剂量胸部CT肺癌筛查健康体检志愿者。所有...目的分析中国健康定量CT大数据(China Biobank)相关数据,旨在建立中国人群腰椎骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)的正常参考值数据库。方法2018年6月到2019年6月,China Biobank共纳入69811例低剂量胸部CT肺癌筛查健康体检志愿者。所有志愿者按照统一设定定量CT(quantitative CT,QCT)扫描参数扫描,采用QCT Pro测量腰1和腰2椎体中心松质骨体积骨密度(volumetric bone mineral density,vBMD)。结果最终纳入64377例研究对象中,男性38013例(59.05%),女性26364例(40.95%)。随着年龄增长,BMD呈下降趋势,女性椎体松质骨BMD在青中年时期高于男性,但BMD下降趋势高于男性。50岁以上人群骨质疏松症总患病率(年龄标化)男性为13.53%,女性为28.99%;65岁以上人群骨质疏松症总患病率(年龄标化)男性为28.69%,女性为58.69%。50岁以后女性骨质疏松症患病率显著上升,明显高于男性。华东和华南区域男女性椎体松质骨BMD相对较高。体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)与椎体vBMD间未发现明显相关性。结论中国人群QCT腰椎BMD正常参考数据库的建立为QCT的临床应用提供了依据。QCT测量椎体BMD与性别、年龄和地区相关,而与体质量无明显相关。展开更多
Fiber-supercapacitors(FSCs)are promising power sources for miniature portable and wearable electronic devices.However,the development and practical application of these FSCs have been severely hindered by their low vo...Fiber-supercapacitors(FSCs)are promising power sources for miniature portable and wearable electronic devices.However,the development and practical application of these FSCs have been severely hindered by their low volumetric capacitance and narrow operating voltage.In this work,vertically aligned nickel cobalt sulfide(Ni Co2S4)nanowires grown on carbon nanotube(CNT)fibers were achieved through an in-situ two-step hydrothermal reaction method.The as-prepared Ni Co2S4@CNT fiber electrode exhibits a high volumetric capacitance of 2332 F cm-3,benefiting from its superior electric conductivity,large surface area,and rich Faradic redox reaction sites.Furthermore,a Ni Co2S4@CNT//VN@CNT(vanadium nitride nanosheets grown on CNT fibers)asymmetric fiber-supercapacitor(AFSC)was successfully fabricated.The device exhibits an operating voltage up to 1.6 V and a high volumetric energy density of 30.64m Wh cm-3.The device also possesses outstanding flexibility as evidenced by no obvious performance degradation under various bending angles and maintaining high capacitance after 5000 bending cycles.This work promotes the practical application of flexible wearable energy-storage devices.展开更多
LiFePO4/C microspheres with different surface morphologies and porosities were prepared from different carbon sources. The effects of the surface morphology and pore structure of the microspheres on their electrochemi...LiFePO4/C microspheres with different surface morphologies and porosities were prepared from different carbon sources. The effects of the surface morphology and pore structure of the microspheres on their electrochemical properties and electrode density were investigated. The electrochemical performance and electrode density depended on the morphology and pore structure of the LiFePO4/C microspheres. Open-pore LiFePO4/C microspheres with rough surfaces exhibited good adhesion with current collectors and a high electrode density （2.6g/cm3）. They also exhibited high performance in a half cell and full battery with a high volumetric energy density.展开更多
目的探讨终板体积骨密度(endplate volumetric bone mineral density,EP-vBMD)对侧方入路腰椎融合(lateral lumbar interbody fusion,LLIF)术后Cage沉降的影响。方法选择2018年1月~2020年12月在本院接受LLIF手术治疗的151例患者进行回...目的探讨终板体积骨密度(endplate volumetric bone mineral density,EP-vBMD)对侧方入路腰椎融合(lateral lumbar interbody fusion,LLIF)术后Cage沉降的影响。方法选择2018年1月~2020年12月在本院接受LLIF手术治疗的151例患者进行回顾性分析,收集患者EP-vBMD、椎体体积骨密度(vertebral body volumetric bone mineral density,VB-vBMD)、年龄、性别、体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、医学共病(糖尿病等)、吸烟、美国麻醉医师协会(american society of anesthesiologists,ASA)评分、查尔森共病指数(charlson comorbidity index,CCI)、手术节段、手术椎体和是否使用后路螺钉固定等资料。根据术后1年患者是否发生Cage沉降,将患者分为Cage沉降组和非沉降组,比较两组患者临床资料差异,将单因素分析P<0.2的变量进一步采用多因素Logsitic回归分析,观察EP-vBMD对终板沉陷的影响。结果Cage沉降患者的VB-vBMD和EP-vBMD水平均低于非Cage沉降患者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Cage沉降组患者年龄高于非Cage沉降组患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Cage沉降组和非Cage沉降组患者性别、吸烟、糖尿病、后路螺钉固定等资料差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,EP-vBMD和应用后路螺钉固定均是Cage沉降的保护性因素(P<0.05)。结论低EP-vBMD是LLIF术后Cage沉降的风险因素,对患者进行LLIF时,应考虑术前EP-vBMD的测量。展开更多
较低的体积能量密度限制了当前电化学电容器的应用,而提高体积能量密度的关键在于发展具有致密化储能特性的多孔炭材料。目前,毛细致密化已成为平衡多孔炭密度和孔隙率从而提高材料体积比电容的主要方法,但仍在孔结构的精细调控方面存...较低的体积能量密度限制了当前电化学电容器的应用,而提高体积能量密度的关键在于发展具有致密化储能特性的多孔炭材料。目前,毛细致密化已成为平衡多孔炭密度和孔隙率从而提高材料体积比电容的主要方法,但仍在孔结构的精细调控方面存在不足,制约了毛细致密化多孔炭与高电压离子液体的兼容性。本文提出了碘化钾(KI)辅助的毛细致密化策略,通过在石墨烯网络中预载KI来控制毛细致密化过程,实现了对孔结构的有效调控。同时电化学性能表征结果表明KI具有增加离子到达表面积和提供赝电容的作用。基于此,所制碘化钾/石墨烯材料的密度达到0.96 g cm^(-3),在离子液体中的体积比电容为115Fcm^(-3)。由该材料所组装的电化学电容器可以提供19.6WhL^(-1)的体积能量密度。展开更多
文摘The scientific article examines the physical and mechanical properties of raw cotton stored in buntings in cotton palaces. Because during the storage of raw cotton in bunts, some of its properties deteriorate, some improvements. Therefore, the mathematical modeling of storage conditions of raw cotton in bunts and the physical and mechanical conditions that occur in it is of great importance. In the developed mathematical model, the main factor influencing the physical and mechanical properties of raw cotton is the change in temperature. Due to the temperature, kinetic and biological processes accumulated in the raw cotton in Bunt, it can spread over a large surface, first in a small-local state, over time with a nonlinear law. As a result, small changes in temperature lead to a qualitative change in physical properties. In determining the law of temperature distribution in the raw cotton in Bunt, Laplace’s differential equation of heat transfer was used. The differential equation of heat transfer in Laplace’s law was replaced by a system of ordinary differential equations by approximation. Conditions are solved in MAPLE-17 program by numerical method. As a result, graphs of temperature changes over time in raw cotton were obtained. In addition, the table shows the changes in density, pressure and mass of cotton, the height of the bun. As the density of the cotton raw material increases from the top layer of the bunt to the bottom layer, an increase in the temperature in it has been observed. This leads to overheating of the bottom layer of cotton and is the main reason for the deterioration of the quality of raw materials.
文摘目的分析中国健康定量CT大数据(China Biobank)相关数据,旨在建立中国人群腰椎骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)的正常参考值数据库。方法2018年6月到2019年6月,China Biobank共纳入69811例低剂量胸部CT肺癌筛查健康体检志愿者。所有志愿者按照统一设定定量CT(quantitative CT,QCT)扫描参数扫描,采用QCT Pro测量腰1和腰2椎体中心松质骨体积骨密度(volumetric bone mineral density,vBMD)。结果最终纳入64377例研究对象中,男性38013例(59.05%),女性26364例(40.95%)。随着年龄增长,BMD呈下降趋势,女性椎体松质骨BMD在青中年时期高于男性,但BMD下降趋势高于男性。50岁以上人群骨质疏松症总患病率(年龄标化)男性为13.53%,女性为28.99%;65岁以上人群骨质疏松症总患病率(年龄标化)男性为28.69%,女性为58.69%。50岁以后女性骨质疏松症患病率显著上升,明显高于男性。华东和华南区域男女性椎体松质骨BMD相对较高。体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)与椎体vBMD间未发现明显相关性。结论中国人群QCT腰椎BMD正常参考数据库的建立为QCT的临床应用提供了依据。QCT测量椎体BMD与性别、年龄和地区相关,而与体质量无明显相关。
基金funding support from the CASQueensland Collaborative Science Fund(121E32KYSB20160032)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21403287,No.21433013,51402345,21773291)+1 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFB0100100)the CAS-DOE Joint Research Program(121E32KYSB20150004)。
文摘Fiber-supercapacitors(FSCs)are promising power sources for miniature portable and wearable electronic devices.However,the development and practical application of these FSCs have been severely hindered by their low volumetric capacitance and narrow operating voltage.In this work,vertically aligned nickel cobalt sulfide(Ni Co2S4)nanowires grown on carbon nanotube(CNT)fibers were achieved through an in-situ two-step hydrothermal reaction method.The as-prepared Ni Co2S4@CNT fiber electrode exhibits a high volumetric capacitance of 2332 F cm-3,benefiting from its superior electric conductivity,large surface area,and rich Faradic redox reaction sites.Furthermore,a Ni Co2S4@CNT//VN@CNT(vanadium nitride nanosheets grown on CNT fibers)asymmetric fiber-supercapacitor(AFSC)was successfully fabricated.The device exhibits an operating voltage up to 1.6 V and a high volumetric energy density of 30.64m Wh cm-3.The device also possesses outstanding flexibility as evidenced by no obvious performance degradation under various bending angles and maintaining high capacitance after 5000 bending cycles.This work promotes the practical application of flexible wearable energy-storage devices.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China(no.2014CB932402 and 2012AA030303)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(nos.51221264 and 51172242)
文摘LiFePO4/C microspheres with different surface morphologies and porosities were prepared from different carbon sources. The effects of the surface morphology and pore structure of the microspheres on their electrochemical properties and electrode density were investigated. The electrochemical performance and electrode density depended on the morphology and pore structure of the LiFePO4/C microspheres. Open-pore LiFePO4/C microspheres with rough surfaces exhibited good adhesion with current collectors and a high electrode density （2.6g/cm3）. They also exhibited high performance in a half cell and full battery with a high volumetric energy density.
文摘目的探讨终板体积骨密度(endplate volumetric bone mineral density,EP-vBMD)对侧方入路腰椎融合(lateral lumbar interbody fusion,LLIF)术后Cage沉降的影响。方法选择2018年1月~2020年12月在本院接受LLIF手术治疗的151例患者进行回顾性分析,收集患者EP-vBMD、椎体体积骨密度(vertebral body volumetric bone mineral density,VB-vBMD)、年龄、性别、体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、医学共病(糖尿病等)、吸烟、美国麻醉医师协会(american society of anesthesiologists,ASA)评分、查尔森共病指数(charlson comorbidity index,CCI)、手术节段、手术椎体和是否使用后路螺钉固定等资料。根据术后1年患者是否发生Cage沉降,将患者分为Cage沉降组和非沉降组,比较两组患者临床资料差异,将单因素分析P<0.2的变量进一步采用多因素Logsitic回归分析,观察EP-vBMD对终板沉陷的影响。结果Cage沉降患者的VB-vBMD和EP-vBMD水平均低于非Cage沉降患者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Cage沉降组患者年龄高于非Cage沉降组患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Cage沉降组和非Cage沉降组患者性别、吸烟、糖尿病、后路螺钉固定等资料差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,EP-vBMD和应用后路螺钉固定均是Cage沉降的保护性因素(P<0.05)。结论低EP-vBMD是LLIF术后Cage沉降的风险因素,对患者进行LLIF时,应考虑术前EP-vBMD的测量。
文摘较低的体积能量密度限制了当前电化学电容器的应用,而提高体积能量密度的关键在于发展具有致密化储能特性的多孔炭材料。目前,毛细致密化已成为平衡多孔炭密度和孔隙率从而提高材料体积比电容的主要方法,但仍在孔结构的精细调控方面存在不足,制约了毛细致密化多孔炭与高电压离子液体的兼容性。本文提出了碘化钾(KI)辅助的毛细致密化策略,通过在石墨烯网络中预载KI来控制毛细致密化过程,实现了对孔结构的有效调控。同时电化学性能表征结果表明KI具有增加离子到达表面积和提供赝电容的作用。基于此,所制碘化钾/石墨烯材料的密度达到0.96 g cm^(-3),在离子液体中的体积比电容为115Fcm^(-3)。由该材料所组装的电化学电容器可以提供19.6WhL^(-1)的体积能量密度。
