A newly developed pure rolling fatigue test rig with three contact points is used to test the rolling contact fatigue properties of silicon nitride ceramic balls. Ball surfaces are examined after failure with optical ...A newly developed pure rolling fatigue test rig with three contact points is used to test the rolling contact fatigue properties of silicon nitride ceramic balls. Ball surfaces are examined after failure with optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The failure cause, fatigue phenomenon and mechanics are analyzed. The research shows that subsurface cracks play a dominant role in the formation of spalling failure. These cracks originated from volume defects of the material and propagate, to form elliptical fatigue spalls under the action of principal tensile stresses. The principal tensile stress increases with increasing contact load, causing spall formation and reduction of rolling contact life. The greater the principal tensile stress is, the more severe the peeling of near surface is. Under the same condition, the closer volume defects are to the surface, the more likely failure occurs, the shorter the rolling contact life is.展开更多
Positron lifetimes in polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymer have been measured as a function of polymerization degree N (N = 25 - 500). It is observed that all the positron parameters are strongly dependent on N when N≤2...Positron lifetimes in polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymer have been measured as a function of polymerization degree N (N = 25 - 500). It is observed that all the positron parameters are strongly dependent on N when N≤250, and then tend to constant levels when N≥250. The variations of the longest-lived component (I3,τ3) show that the size of free- volume holes has a minimum at N - 100 and the hole concentration decreases with N. These trends may be due to the variations in crystallinity, the chain ends, entanglements and the Van der Waals interaction between segments. The variations of the second component (I2,τ2) with N reflect the changes of defect properties in crystalline regions of PEG.展开更多
基金This project is supported by Provincial University Natural Science Fund of Jiangsu, China (No. 05KJB460106)Municipal Science and Technology Development Fund of Shanghai, China (No. 0152nm031)Municipal Natural Science Fund of Nantong, China (No. Z5005).
文摘A newly developed pure rolling fatigue test rig with three contact points is used to test the rolling contact fatigue properties of silicon nitride ceramic balls. Ball surfaces are examined after failure with optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The failure cause, fatigue phenomenon and mechanics are analyzed. The research shows that subsurface cracks play a dominant role in the formation of spalling failure. These cracks originated from volume defects of the material and propagate, to form elliptical fatigue spalls under the action of principal tensile stresses. The principal tensile stress increases with increasing contact load, causing spall formation and reduction of rolling contact life. The greater the principal tensile stress is, the more severe the peeling of near surface is. Under the same condition, the closer volume defects are to the surface, the more likely failure occurs, the shorter the rolling contact life is.
基金The Project Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Positron lifetimes in polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymer have been measured as a function of polymerization degree N (N = 25 - 500). It is observed that all the positron parameters are strongly dependent on N when N≤250, and then tend to constant levels when N≥250. The variations of the longest-lived component (I3,τ3) show that the size of free- volume holes has a minimum at N - 100 and the hole concentration decreases with N. These trends may be due to the variations in crystallinity, the chain ends, entanglements and the Van der Waals interaction between segments. The variations of the second component (I2,τ2) with N reflect the changes of defect properties in crystalline regions of PEG.
