Morphological traits, anatomical features, chemical components and bending stress in the stems of three genotypes of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), namely Xiaoyan54, 8602 and Xiaoyan81, were ex- amined by means of ligh...Morphological traits, anatomical features, chemical components and bending stress in the stems of three genotypes of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), namely Xiaoyan54, 8602 and Xiaoyan81, were ex- amined by means of light microscopy coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). No- ticeable changes in morphological and anatomical traits were observed, including outer radius of stem, the ratio of stem outer radius to stem wall thickness, various tissue proportions and variations among dif- ferent types of vascular bundles. The results of chemical analysis revealed that Xiaoyan81 had the highest cellulose content in comparison with Xiao- yan54 and 8602, whereas lignin level in Xiaoyan81 was lower than that in 8602 but higher that that in Xiaoyan54. Bending stress analysis demonstrated that Xiaoyan81 may be the main target for identifica- tion, for it had the highest bending stress among the stems of three genotypes. Associated with bending stress, all the results presented here suggested that the ratio of stem wall thickness to its outer radius, schlerenchyma tissue proportion, the average num- ber of big VB per unit and the cellulose content are four important factors affecting the mechanical strength of Xiaoyan81 wheat stems, which can be considered as the key parameters for selecting varie- ties with bending stress. Therefore, it was suggested that in the selection of lodging resistant cultivars one should consider those characterized with large ratio of outer radius of stem to stem wall thickness, great-erschlerenchyma tissue proportion, high average number of big VB per unit with high cellulose content in their stems.展开更多
大田试验于2020和2021年在山东省泰安市东平农科所进行,以登海605 (Denghai 605, DH605)为试验材料,在统一的氮、磷肥用量(N 225 kg hm^(-2)、P_(2)O_(5) 110 kg hm^(-2))条件下开展钾肥梯度试验,分别设置K_(0) (0 kg hm^(-2))、K_(1) (...大田试验于2020和2021年在山东省泰安市东平农科所进行,以登海605 (Denghai 605, DH605)为试验材料,在统一的氮、磷肥用量(N 225 kg hm^(-2)、P_(2)O_(5) 110 kg hm^(-2))条件下开展钾肥梯度试验,分别设置K_(0) (0 kg hm^(-2))、K_(1) (150 kg hm^(-2))、K_(2) (225 kg hm^(-2))、K_(3) (300 kg hm^(-2))和K_(4) (375 kg hm^(-2)) 5个钾肥(K_(2)O)施用量,研究施钾量对夏玉米维管系统结构和物质运输性能的影响。结果表明,玉米叶片厚度、叶脉横截面积和木质部面积随施钾量的增加先升高后降低, 2020年和2021年分别在K_(2)和K_(3)时达到最大。施钾显著提高了玉米基部茎节和穗柄的横截面积、大小维管束数目和面积,茎秆维管束面积占横截面积之比在K_(2)处理最大,而穗柄维管束面积占比则以K_(2)、K_(4)处理显著高于其他处理。穗轴维管束数目和面积随钾肥的施入呈先升高后降低的趋势,K_(2)、K_(3)处理的维管束总面积显著高于其他处理。施钾显著提高了茎秆、穗柄伤流强度,灌浆期在K_(2)处理下最高。相关分析表明,茎秆维管束总数及其总面积、穗柄维管束总数及其总面积与籽粒产量显著正相关;穗轴大维管束数目和穗轴维管束总面积与千粒重显著正相关。综合上述结果,本试验条件下施钾量为225 kg K_(2)O hm^(-2)时可促进玉米叶、茎、穗中维管系统的发育,提高伤流强度,增强“流”系统的通畅性,进而提高夏玉米籽粒产量。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.30330390)National Science Fund of China for Distinguished Young Scholars(Grant No.30225005).
文摘Morphological traits, anatomical features, chemical components and bending stress in the stems of three genotypes of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), namely Xiaoyan54, 8602 and Xiaoyan81, were ex- amined by means of light microscopy coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). No- ticeable changes in morphological and anatomical traits were observed, including outer radius of stem, the ratio of stem outer radius to stem wall thickness, various tissue proportions and variations among dif- ferent types of vascular bundles. The results of chemical analysis revealed that Xiaoyan81 had the highest cellulose content in comparison with Xiao- yan54 and 8602, whereas lignin level in Xiaoyan81 was lower than that in 8602 but higher that that in Xiaoyan54. Bending stress analysis demonstrated that Xiaoyan81 may be the main target for identifica- tion, for it had the highest bending stress among the stems of three genotypes. Associated with bending stress, all the results presented here suggested that the ratio of stem wall thickness to its outer radius, schlerenchyma tissue proportion, the average num- ber of big VB per unit and the cellulose content are four important factors affecting the mechanical strength of Xiaoyan81 wheat stems, which can be considered as the key parameters for selecting varie- ties with bending stress. Therefore, it was suggested that in the selection of lodging resistant cultivars one should consider those characterized with large ratio of outer radius of stem to stem wall thickness, great-erschlerenchyma tissue proportion, high average number of big VB per unit with high cellulose content in their stems.
文摘大田试验于2020和2021年在山东省泰安市东平农科所进行,以登海605 (Denghai 605, DH605)为试验材料,在统一的氮、磷肥用量(N 225 kg hm^(-2)、P_(2)O_(5) 110 kg hm^(-2))条件下开展钾肥梯度试验,分别设置K_(0) (0 kg hm^(-2))、K_(1) (150 kg hm^(-2))、K_(2) (225 kg hm^(-2))、K_(3) (300 kg hm^(-2))和K_(4) (375 kg hm^(-2)) 5个钾肥(K_(2)O)施用量,研究施钾量对夏玉米维管系统结构和物质运输性能的影响。结果表明,玉米叶片厚度、叶脉横截面积和木质部面积随施钾量的增加先升高后降低, 2020年和2021年分别在K_(2)和K_(3)时达到最大。施钾显著提高了玉米基部茎节和穗柄的横截面积、大小维管束数目和面积,茎秆维管束面积占横截面积之比在K_(2)处理最大,而穗柄维管束面积占比则以K_(2)、K_(4)处理显著高于其他处理。穗轴维管束数目和面积随钾肥的施入呈先升高后降低的趋势,K_(2)、K_(3)处理的维管束总面积显著高于其他处理。施钾显著提高了茎秆、穗柄伤流强度,灌浆期在K_(2)处理下最高。相关分析表明,茎秆维管束总数及其总面积、穗柄维管束总数及其总面积与籽粒产量显著正相关;穗轴大维管束数目和穗轴维管束总面积与千粒重显著正相关。综合上述结果,本试验条件下施钾量为225 kg K_(2)O hm^(-2)时可促进玉米叶、茎、穗中维管系统的发育,提高伤流强度,增强“流”系统的通畅性,进而提高夏玉米籽粒产量。
