为研究2~8℃小型疫苗冷库内部温度场情况并优化热性能,本文以江苏省疾病预防控制中心一座20 m 3疫苗冷库为研究对象,在不同工况下分别对其稳态温度场和库门呈30°或90°开启60 s后的非稳态温度场进行实测,通过建立数学模型对冷...为研究2~8℃小型疫苗冷库内部温度场情况并优化热性能,本文以江苏省疾病预防控制中心一座20 m 3疫苗冷库为研究对象,在不同工况下分别对其稳态温度场和库门呈30°或90°开启60 s后的非稳态温度场进行实测,通过建立数学模型对冷库结构进行了模拟优化,同时对冷库在测量时间段内和稳定运行时刻的制冷效果和冷库温度场均匀性等评价指标进行系统分析。结果表明:对于小型疫苗冷库,当长度L≥宽度W时,在L方向上布置两台制冷量适当的冷风机为最优布置方案,随着长宽比的降低,库内不均匀系数将更趋于理想状态,且当L=W时,疫苗冷库为最优结构;考虑开门影响,应规范疫苗箱摆放位置,库内疫苗箱距库门1.5 m范围内堆放高度建议不超过1.5 m,整体堆放高度建议不超过1.8 m。展开更多
目的 了解疾病预防控制机构(Center for disease control and prevention, CDC)委托第三方开展疫苗储存和配送现状。方法 通过国家免疫规划信息系统收集2023年全国CDC委托第三方开展疫苗储存和配送相关信息,描述性分析委托的CDC比例、...目的 了解疾病预防控制机构(Center for disease control and prevention, CDC)委托第三方开展疫苗储存和配送现状。方法 通过国家免疫规划信息系统收集2023年全国CDC委托第三方开展疫苗储存和配送相关信息,描述性分析委托的CDC比例、第三方冷链设备数量占比和容积占比。结果 中国2023年委托第三方开展疫苗储存的CDC比例为4.70%(165/3 514),其中东部、中部、西部、东北地区分别为14.67%、1.89%、1.12%、0.29%;委托第三方开展疫苗配送的CDC比例为3.16%(111/3 514),其中东部、中部、西部、东北地区分别为8.85%、2.24%、0.77%、0.59%。第三方机构普通冷库、低温冷库、冷藏车数量分别占总数量的2.59%、9.60%、11.28%,容积分别占总容积的12.21%、12.60%、20.39%。结论 中国2023年CDC委托第三方开展疫苗储存和配送呈现一定发展规模,且地区差异较大;需因地制宜制定疫苗储存和配送的冷链管理模式。展开更多
The rapid spread of COVID-19 pandemic has forced several countries in the world to store vaccines in cold storage towards ensuring their protection from being damaged and to maintain their stability.However,most remot...The rapid spread of COVID-19 pandemic has forced several countries in the world to store vaccines in cold storage towards ensuring their protection from being damaged and to maintain their stability.However,most remote clinics,especially those in the equator and islands,are faced with the challenges of hot climates and the inability to afford electricity resources needed to power the cold storage facility.Meanwhile,the hot equatorial region has abundant solar energy to power the vaccine cold storage but previous studies showed that several field workers do not have the ability to maintain the vaccine storage temperature as indicated by the manufacturer’s recommendations.Therefore,this literature review study examines the prospects and challenges of implementing solar-powered cold storage to provide cooling space for remote clinics.This is expected to contribute significantly to cold chain vaccine management technology.The findings showed that four technology integration schemes including Cold Storage Ice Maker,Cold Storage Ice Maker-PCM,Refrigerator-Ice Maker and,Absorbing Cooling-PV-Ice Maker have the potential to be applied in clinics situated in certain tropical regions.展开更多
鸭坦布苏病毒病是新发的一种以蛋鸭产蛋下降为主要特征的传染病,目前仍没有疫苗可预防和控制该病。将鸭坦布苏病毒强毒(FX2010株)在鸡胚成纤维细胞(chicken embryo fi broblasts,CEFs)上连续传代培养180代,获得1株致弱毒株(FX2010-180P...鸭坦布苏病毒病是新发的一种以蛋鸭产蛋下降为主要特征的传染病,目前仍没有疫苗可预防和控制该病。将鸭坦布苏病毒强毒(FX2010株)在鸡胚成纤维细胞(chicken embryo fi broblasts,CEFs)上连续传代培养180代,获得1株致弱毒株(FX2010-180P株),利用该弱毒株研制了鸭坦布苏病毒病活疫苗。本研究为了测定鸭坦布苏病毒病活疫苗(FX2010-180P株)毒种的保存期,将-80℃条件下保存了16个月的原始种子批和基础种子批各取3支,进行纯净性检验、鉴别检验以及病毒滴度测定。结果表明,各批次毒种在保存16个月后,病毒纯净无污染,病毒滴度没有明显下降。把基础种子在CEFs上增殖后,低剂量接种鸭子,检验毒种的免疫原性。结果显示,用毒种增殖的病毒免疫原性良好,101.5和102.5 TCID50的剂量可以为接种鸭提供90%和100%的保护。展开更多
文摘目的 了解疾病预防控制机构(Center for disease control and prevention, CDC)委托第三方开展疫苗储存和配送现状。方法 通过国家免疫规划信息系统收集2023年全国CDC委托第三方开展疫苗储存和配送相关信息,描述性分析委托的CDC比例、第三方冷链设备数量占比和容积占比。结果 中国2023年委托第三方开展疫苗储存的CDC比例为4.70%(165/3 514),其中东部、中部、西部、东北地区分别为14.67%、1.89%、1.12%、0.29%;委托第三方开展疫苗配送的CDC比例为3.16%(111/3 514),其中东部、中部、西部、东北地区分别为8.85%、2.24%、0.77%、0.59%。第三方机构普通冷库、低温冷库、冷藏车数量分别占总数量的2.59%、9.60%、11.28%,容积分别占总容积的12.21%、12.60%、20.39%。结论 中国2023年CDC委托第三方开展疫苗储存和配送呈现一定发展规模,且地区差异较大;需因地制宜制定疫苗储存和配送的冷链管理模式。
基金supported by the Program Penelitian Kolaborasi Indonesia(PPKI),LPPM Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia,Ministry of Education and Culture of Indonesia.
文摘The rapid spread of COVID-19 pandemic has forced several countries in the world to store vaccines in cold storage towards ensuring their protection from being damaged and to maintain their stability.However,most remote clinics,especially those in the equator and islands,are faced with the challenges of hot climates and the inability to afford electricity resources needed to power the cold storage facility.Meanwhile,the hot equatorial region has abundant solar energy to power the vaccine cold storage but previous studies showed that several field workers do not have the ability to maintain the vaccine storage temperature as indicated by the manufacturer’s recommendations.Therefore,this literature review study examines the prospects and challenges of implementing solar-powered cold storage to provide cooling space for remote clinics.This is expected to contribute significantly to cold chain vaccine management technology.The findings showed that four technology integration schemes including Cold Storage Ice Maker,Cold Storage Ice Maker-PCM,Refrigerator-Ice Maker and,Absorbing Cooling-PV-Ice Maker have the potential to be applied in clinics situated in certain tropical regions.
文摘鸭坦布苏病毒病是新发的一种以蛋鸭产蛋下降为主要特征的传染病,目前仍没有疫苗可预防和控制该病。将鸭坦布苏病毒强毒(FX2010株)在鸡胚成纤维细胞(chicken embryo fi broblasts,CEFs)上连续传代培养180代,获得1株致弱毒株(FX2010-180P株),利用该弱毒株研制了鸭坦布苏病毒病活疫苗。本研究为了测定鸭坦布苏病毒病活疫苗(FX2010-180P株)毒种的保存期,将-80℃条件下保存了16个月的原始种子批和基础种子批各取3支,进行纯净性检验、鉴别检验以及病毒滴度测定。结果表明,各批次毒种在保存16个月后,病毒纯净无污染,病毒滴度没有明显下降。把基础种子在CEFs上增殖后,低剂量接种鸭子,检验毒种的免疫原性。结果显示,用毒种增殖的病毒免疫原性良好,101.5和102.5 TCID50的剂量可以为接种鸭提供90%和100%的保护。
