Tropical Cyclone (TC) activity is an important feature of China's climate that can have important impacts on precipitation and can cause extensive property damage. In particular, precipitation from TCs contributes...Tropical Cyclone (TC) activity is an important feature of China's climate that can have important impacts on precipitation and can cause extensive property damage. In particular, precipitation from TCs contributes a significant portion of overall precipitation. This study deals with typhoons that influence China and focuses on their impact on China's precipitation. Four aspects are examined in this research. Firstly, the study of influencing typhoon frequency reveals that the main season that typhoons affect China is from May to November, especially between July and September. The frequency of influencing typhoons was steady during the past 40 years. Secondly, inspection of the climatology of station typhoon precipitation shows that Hainan and the southeastern coastalmost regions are most frequently affected by typhoons, and most of the regions south of the Yangtze River are affected by typhoons each year. Meanwhile, during 1957-1996, most of the typhoon-influenced regions show decreasing trends in typhoon precipitation but only the trends in southern Northeast China are significant. Thirdly, examination of the typhoon cases shows that there exists it significant linear relationship between the precipitation volume and impacted area. Finally, study of variations of typhoon impacts on China's precipitation suggests that there exists a decreasing trend in the contribution of typhoon precipitation to overall precipitation, while total annual volume of typhoon precipitation decreases significantly during the period.展开更多
使用常规观测、最佳台风路径数据、风云二号气象卫星亮温(Black body temperature equivalent,TBB)、全球协同探空站资料和NCEP/NCAR全球再分析资料,对2016年第10号台风"狮子山"并入温带气旋过程中,二者相互作用下引发的东北...使用常规观测、最佳台风路径数据、风云二号气象卫星亮温(Black body temperature equivalent,TBB)、全球协同探空站资料和NCEP/NCAR全球再分析资料,对2016年第10号台风"狮子山"并入温带气旋过程中,二者相互作用下引发的东北地区强降水进行了分析。结果发现,台风"狮子山"并入温带气旋过程中,其结构由对称的热带涡旋云系向非对称斜压云系发展,最终演变为成熟的温带气旋云系。受温带气旋的影响,台风"狮子山"逐渐进入到强垂直风切变环境,台风涡旋环流、水汽输送、垂直运动呈现明显的不对称和垂直向西倾斜结构,暖心结构遭遇破坏,水汽输送逐渐远离台风环流;台风影响下的高低空急流有利配置对温带气旋形成正涡度平流输送,伴随着锋生作用,使得温带气旋获得动力和能量而发展。对东北地区强降水的分析发现,台风并入温带气旋过程中,温带气旋加强发展,带来了增强的动力、水汽和能量的输送,是引发东北地区强降水的主要原因,降水主要发生在暖平流带中,600 h Pa与900 h Pa之间的厚度梯度大值区对强降水的落区具有很好的指示,强低层辐合、高层辐散,促使强的垂直上升运动,配合强暖平流和充沛水汽的输送,对应着强降水的发生。高层弱的干冷空气缓慢向低层侵入,使得降水持续时间长、结束缓慢。降水总体具有持续性,伴有较强对流降水的发生。展开更多
文摘利用NASA提供的热带测雨卫星TRMM(Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission)的高分辨率资料分析了2004年台风"艾利"降水的结构特征,发现在不同发展阶段其特征存在着很大的不同。为了分析产生降水非对称的原因,又利用NCEP(the National Centers for Environmental Prediction)再分析资料计算了垂直积分的水汽通量矢量。结果表明,本次过程由于伴随着双台风特有的环流形势,其北侧的偏东气流和南侧的西南气流对水汽输送的作用,在台风"艾利"发展的不同时期存在很大的不同,形成了这次台风过程特有的水汽来源特点。台风对流强降水区、水汽通量最大区和强上升运动区三者的分布在台风不同发展阶段存在着较大的差异,正是水汽通量和垂直运动的非均匀分布才造成这次台风降水的非对称分布。
文摘Tropical Cyclone (TC) activity is an important feature of China's climate that can have important impacts on precipitation and can cause extensive property damage. In particular, precipitation from TCs contributes a significant portion of overall precipitation. This study deals with typhoons that influence China and focuses on their impact on China's precipitation. Four aspects are examined in this research. Firstly, the study of influencing typhoon frequency reveals that the main season that typhoons affect China is from May to November, especially between July and September. The frequency of influencing typhoons was steady during the past 40 years. Secondly, inspection of the climatology of station typhoon precipitation shows that Hainan and the southeastern coastalmost regions are most frequently affected by typhoons, and most of the regions south of the Yangtze River are affected by typhoons each year. Meanwhile, during 1957-1996, most of the typhoon-influenced regions show decreasing trends in typhoon precipitation but only the trends in southern Northeast China are significant. Thirdly, examination of the typhoon cases shows that there exists it significant linear relationship between the precipitation volume and impacted area. Finally, study of variations of typhoon impacts on China's precipitation suggests that there exists a decreasing trend in the contribution of typhoon precipitation to overall precipitation, while total annual volume of typhoon precipitation decreases significantly during the period.
文摘使用常规观测、最佳台风路径数据、风云二号气象卫星亮温(Black body temperature equivalent,TBB)、全球协同探空站资料和NCEP/NCAR全球再分析资料,对2016年第10号台风"狮子山"并入温带气旋过程中,二者相互作用下引发的东北地区强降水进行了分析。结果发现,台风"狮子山"并入温带气旋过程中,其结构由对称的热带涡旋云系向非对称斜压云系发展,最终演变为成熟的温带气旋云系。受温带气旋的影响,台风"狮子山"逐渐进入到强垂直风切变环境,台风涡旋环流、水汽输送、垂直运动呈现明显的不对称和垂直向西倾斜结构,暖心结构遭遇破坏,水汽输送逐渐远离台风环流;台风影响下的高低空急流有利配置对温带气旋形成正涡度平流输送,伴随着锋生作用,使得温带气旋获得动力和能量而发展。对东北地区强降水的分析发现,台风并入温带气旋过程中,温带气旋加强发展,带来了增强的动力、水汽和能量的输送,是引发东北地区强降水的主要原因,降水主要发生在暖平流带中,600 h Pa与900 h Pa之间的厚度梯度大值区对强降水的落区具有很好的指示,强低层辐合、高层辐散,促使强的垂直上升运动,配合强暖平流和充沛水汽的输送,对应着强降水的发生。高层弱的干冷空气缓慢向低层侵入,使得降水持续时间长、结束缓慢。降水总体具有持续性,伴有较强对流降水的发生。
