Cutaneous larva migrans (CLM) is a zoonotic hookworm infection of dogs and cats commonly found in low-income countries in the tropical and subtropical regions and travellers to these regions. It is caused by invasion ...Cutaneous larva migrans (CLM) is a zoonotic hookworm infection of dogs and cats commonly found in low-income countries in the tropical and subtropical regions and travellers to these regions. It is caused by invasion of the skin by the parasitic larvae of hookworms which, after entry, move under the skin causing an inflammatory reaction resulting in a single or multiple tracks. Patients commonly present with a progressive, itchy, erythematous serpiginous skin rash, affecting the feet, although it can affect any other parts of the body. The diagnosis is mainly clinical, based on history and physical examination. Treatment of this condition can effectively be achieved with either albendazole or ivermectin. We present a case of a 7-year-old boy who was diagnosed with CLM after presenting to the hospital with a history of a progressive itchy rash with tracks on the left foot. Although CLM is a self-limiting disease, it causes a lot of suffering and, therefore, it is of public concern. There is a need to increase awareness of this disease among health workers, and to implement and promote preventive measures against the disease since the cause is known.展开更多
Objective:To investigate antibacterial potential of Trifolium alexandrinum(T.alexandrinum) Linn,against seven gram positive and eleven gram negative hospital isolated human pathogenic bacterial strains responsible for...Objective:To investigate antibacterial potential of Trifolium alexandrinum(T.alexandrinum) Linn,against seven gram positive and eleven gram negative hospital isolated human pathogenic bacterial strains responsible for many tropical diseases.Methods:Non-polar and polar extracts of the leaves of T.alexandrinum i.e.,hexane,dichloromethane(DCM),ethyl acetate(EtOAc), methanol(MeOH) and aqueous(AQ) extracts at five different concentrations(1,2,5,10 and 15 mg/ mL) were prepared to evaluate their antibacterial value.NCCL standards were strictly followed to perform antimicrobial disc susceptibility test using disc diffusion method.Results:Polar extracts demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against tested pathogens.EtOAc and MeOH extracts showed maximum antibacterial activity with higher inhibition zone and were found effective against seventeen of the tested pathogens.While AQ plant extract inhibited the growth of sixteen of the test strains.EtOAc and MeOH plant extracts inhibited the growth of all seven gram positive and ten of the gram negative bacterial strains.Conclusions:The present study strongly confirms the effectiveness of crude leaves extracts against tested human pathogenic bacterial strains causing several tropical diseases.Since Egyptian clover is used as a fodder plant,it could be helpful in controlling various infectious diseases associated with cattle as well.展开更多
Poverty magnifies limitations posed by traditional biases and environmental risks.Any approach towards disease control needs to recognise that socially embedded vulnerabilities can be as powerful as externally imposed...Poverty magnifies limitations posed by traditional biases and environmental risks.Any approach towards disease control needs to recognise that socially embedded vulnerabilities can be as powerful as externally imposed infections.Asia Pacific has a specific panorama of infectious diseases,which,in common with other endemic areas,have a tendency to emerge or re-emerge if not carefully monitored.Sustained control aiming at elimination requires strong emphasis on surveillance and response.Well-designed informatics platforms can improve support systems and strengthen control activities,as they rapidly locate high-risk areas and provide detailed,up-to-date information on the performance of ongoing control programmes.展开更多
热带病,特别是被忽视的热带病和贫困所致传染病仍然是危害世界上最贫困和最边缘人群的主要健康问题。热带病研究和培训特别规划署(Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases,TDR)是由世界卫生组织、联合国儿...热带病,特别是被忽视的热带病和贫困所致传染病仍然是危害世界上最贫困和最边缘人群的主要健康问题。热带病研究和培训特别规划署(Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases,TDR)是由世界卫生组织、联合国儿童基金会、联合国开发计划署、世界银行联合建立的一个推动、支持、指导和协调全球热带病防控的重要机构。2023年7月,TDR正式发布其2024—2029年战略规划,为未来6年全球热带病防控工作明确了方向和工作重点。该战略规划在坚持原有工作重点,即继续支持中、低收入国家研究者和研究机构开展热带病防控研究和培养其研究能力的基础上,有了一些新的发展方向,主要包括:①将热带病防治纳入应对全球主要健康挑战和实现联合国可持续发展健康目标的大框架内,以便以协同和整合的方式在防控热带病的同时对实现联合国可持续发展健康目标和应对全球健康挑战做出贡献;②以支持实施性研究为主,鼓励实践者和社会创新者参与研究,以寻找可用于解决当地实际健康问题的对策;③推动和鼓励采用全健康理念以及多学科、跨部门合作;④将工作重点逐渐从防控疾病为主转移到关注最贫困、最边缘人群的健康需求。这些新的发展方向值得国内致力于热带病研究与防控实践的人员和机构关注,以便对未来研究和实践工作有所裨益。展开更多
Myiasis is the infestation of live human and vertebrate animals with maggots that feed on the host’s dead or living tissue, depending on the life cycle of the fly. It is a rare condition and often misdiagnosed. Tropi...Myiasis is the infestation of live human and vertebrate animals with maggots that feed on the host’s dead or living tissue, depending on the life cycle of the fly. It is a rare condition and often misdiagnosed. Tropical and subtropical regions of the world are commonly affected. The aim of this case report is to share this uncommon cutaneous condition with health workers and also remind them of its common symptoms and signs such that its diagnosis is not missed. An 11-year-old girl presented with a nine-day history of itchy rash involving mainly the trunk and upper arms which were found to be cutaneous Myiasis. Cutaneous Myiasis can cause miserly to the affected individual due to its symptoms, yet it can be prevented with good environmental and personal hygiene. Diagnosis and treatment are cheap and effective.展开更多
背景热带岛礁特殊气候与当地常见病的发生相关,热带常见病特征的研究报道较少。目的回顾性分析热带岛礁某二级医院门诊就诊情况,探讨与大陆常见疾病谱的差异性,为热带岛礁常见病精准化防治提供参考。方法按照国际疾病分类(International...背景热带岛礁特殊气候与当地常见病的发生相关,热带常见病特征的研究报道较少。目的回顾性分析热带岛礁某二级医院门诊就诊情况,探讨与大陆常见疾病谱的差异性,为热带岛礁常见病精准化防治提供参考。方法按照国际疾病分类(International Classification of Diseases,ICD)-10标准,统计分析热带岛礁某二级医院2016年1月-2019年12月门诊病历中62870例次诊断信息。结果就诊人群18~30岁年龄段占比最高(60.15%),男性(95.83%)占比远高于女性(4.17%)。按人体系统分,排名前5位的是肌肉骨骼系统和结缔组织疾病(19.15%)、呼吸系统疾病(17.57%)、消化系统疾病(15.50%)、皮肤和皮下组织疾病(10.24%)、损伤和中毒(8.13%)。按疾病类型分,排名前5位的是上呼吸道感染(9.81%)、腰痛(5.64%)、意外事故(5.58%)、皮炎(2.96%)、陈旧性肌肉劳损(2.08%)。结论热带岛礁常见疾病中上呼吸道感染是主要疾病类型,病原体不明确,存在流感暴发风险,应提高检测能力,予以针对性防控;同时应提高肌肉骨骼系统疾病和皮肤、皮下组织疾病的防治。展开更多
Neglected tropical diseases(NTDs)refer to infectious diseases caused by multiple pathogens that are prevalent in hot,humid climates in tropical areas.With the global economic growth and the improvement of public healt...Neglected tropical diseases(NTDs)refer to infectious diseases caused by multiple pathogens that are prevalent in hot,humid climates in tropical areas.With the global economic growth and the improvement of public health status,eliminating neglected tropical diseases will be of great significance to the healthy development of human beings.However,the number of drugs and vaccines for NTDs treatment is extremely limited,so it is urgent to develop new drugs.Since most NTDs are caused by parasites,this paper selected parasitic diseases with high morbidity and mortality,and focused on new effective therapeutic targets and excellent lead compounds for these diseases.Schistosomiasis,human African trypanosomiasis(HAT),Chagas disease,leishmaniasis,filariasis and toxoplasmosis correspond to a series targets such as smHDAC8,thioredoxin glutathione reductase(TGR),T.cruzi glucokinase(TcGlcK),phosphofructokinase(PFK),type IB topoisomerase,cell division cycle-2-related Kinase,sterolmethyl transferase,calumenin,dihydrofolate reductase(DHFR)and Toxoplasma gondii farnesyl-diphosphate synthase(TgFPPs).In this paper,the pharmacological effects of typical lead compounds corresponding to each disease,the structural characteristics of the mother nucleus and the pharmacological activities of the substituent.In addition,the binding patterns of some involved targets(such as smHDAC8)with corresponding lead compounds(such as compound 13)and the signaling pathways associated with gluconeogenesis,glycolysis,and pentose phosphate pathways are analyzed in detail.In this paper,the interaction mechanism between the lead compounds and the target were thoroughly discussed,in order to provide the research ideas of potential anti-parasite compounds,and further improve the understanding and prevention ability of such diseases of NTDs.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the therapeutic response and safety of different treatments for cutaneous leishmaniasis,received by patients in the Program for the Study and Control of Tropical Diseases-PECET-Medellín-Colom...Objective:To analyze the therapeutic response and safety of different treatments for cutaneous leishmaniasis,received by patients in the Program for the Study and Control of Tropical Diseases-PECET-Medellín-Colombia.Methods:This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of patients attended at PECET Research Center during 2016-2021.Relevant information regarding sociodemographic characteristics,history of leishmaniasis,characterization of current infection,treatment received,follow-up of therapeutic response and safety was collected from the medical records.Data were analyzed with Pearson's Chi-square association tests and Mann-Whitney U test using statistical software.Results:A total of 486 clinical records of patients were analyzed,and 356 received treatment.Eight different therapeutic alternatives(systemic,local and in combination)were analyzed.The therapeutic response of the different alternatives used(except thermotherapy)was higher than 50%.Most frequent adverse events were myalgias,arthralgias and headache,and vesicles for systemic and local treatment,respectively.Conclusions:Safety profile and performance of local therapeutic alternatives and combined schemes for the treatment of uncomplicated cutaneous leishmaniasis are an interesting option for the management of the disease.展开更多
Chronic pancreatitis is known to be a heterogeneous disease with varied etiologies.Tropical calcific pancreatitis(TCP) is a severe form of chronic pancreatitis unique to developing countries.With growing evidence of g...Chronic pancreatitis is known to be a heterogeneous disease with varied etiologies.Tropical calcific pancreatitis(TCP) is a severe form of chronic pancreatitis unique to developing countries.With growing evidence of genetic factors contributing to the pathogenesis of TCP,this review is aimed at compiling the available information in this field.We also propose a two hit model to explain the sequence of events in the pathogenesis of TCP.展开更多
Objective: To determine the relationship between C-reactive protein(CRP) level and the severity of dengue and the potential use of CRP in predicting acute dengue infection.Methods: A prospective observational study wa...Objective: To determine the relationship between C-reactive protein(CRP) level and the severity of dengue and the potential use of CRP in predicting acute dengue infection.Methods: A prospective observational study was performed on dengue patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital in southern India. All patients of age above 18 years, diagnosed with dengue were included in the study. The detailed laboratory parameters pertaining to dengue were recorded. CRP levels were estimated and compared between groups i.e. severe and non-severe dengue. CRP cut-off value was detected using the receiver-operator curve.Results: Totally 98 patients with a mean age of 40 years were included. Among them, 11.2% of the patients suffered from severe dengue, 54.1% of the cases had non-severe dengue without warning signs, and 34.7% had non-severe dengue with warning signs. The median CRP was significantly higher in patients with severe dengue compared to patients with non-severe dengue(96.2 mg/d L vs. 5.3 mg/d L). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that the odd’s ratio(OR) of CRP was 1.053(P≤0.001, 95% CI=1.029-1.078). CRP at a cutoff value of 21.6 mg/L(0.929 AUC) had excellent sensitivity(100%) and specificity(81.6%) in predicting severe dengue infection. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that CRP(OR=1.089, P=0.013) and ALT(OR=1.010, P=0.034) were statistically significant independent predictors of dengue severity.Conclusions: CRP level could be used as a potential biomarker to predict severity of dengue in adults.展开更多
文摘Cutaneous larva migrans (CLM) is a zoonotic hookworm infection of dogs and cats commonly found in low-income countries in the tropical and subtropical regions and travellers to these regions. It is caused by invasion of the skin by the parasitic larvae of hookworms which, after entry, move under the skin causing an inflammatory reaction resulting in a single or multiple tracks. Patients commonly present with a progressive, itchy, erythematous serpiginous skin rash, affecting the feet, although it can affect any other parts of the body. The diagnosis is mainly clinical, based on history and physical examination. Treatment of this condition can effectively be achieved with either albendazole or ivermectin. We present a case of a 7-year-old boy who was diagnosed with CLM after presenting to the hospital with a history of a progressive itchy rash with tracks on the left foot. Although CLM is a self-limiting disease, it causes a lot of suffering and, therefore, it is of public concern. There is a need to increase awareness of this disease among health workers, and to implement and promote preventive measures against the disease since the cause is known.
基金financially supported by SERC Fast Track OYSSchem,Department of Science and Technology(DST),New Delhi,India[grant No.304/2004(SR/FT/L-129/2004)]
文摘Objective:To investigate antibacterial potential of Trifolium alexandrinum(T.alexandrinum) Linn,against seven gram positive and eleven gram negative hospital isolated human pathogenic bacterial strains responsible for many tropical diseases.Methods:Non-polar and polar extracts of the leaves of T.alexandrinum i.e.,hexane,dichloromethane(DCM),ethyl acetate(EtOAc), methanol(MeOH) and aqueous(AQ) extracts at five different concentrations(1,2,5,10 and 15 mg/ mL) were prepared to evaluate their antibacterial value.NCCL standards were strictly followed to perform antimicrobial disc susceptibility test using disc diffusion method.Results:Polar extracts demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against tested pathogens.EtOAc and MeOH extracts showed maximum antibacterial activity with higher inhibition zone and were found effective against seventeen of the tested pathogens.While AQ plant extract inhibited the growth of sixteen of the test strains.EtOAc and MeOH plant extracts inhibited the growth of all seven gram positive and ten of the gram negative bacterial strains.Conclusions:The present study strongly confirms the effectiveness of crude leaves extracts against tested human pathogenic bacterial strains causing several tropical diseases.Since Egyptian clover is used as a fodder plant,it could be helpful in controlling various infectious diseases associated with cattle as well.
基金This work was supported by the Australian Agency for International Development(AusAID)grant[grant number 44913]to the Health Information Systems Knowledge Hub,at the School of Population Health,the University of Queensland.
文摘Poverty magnifies limitations posed by traditional biases and environmental risks.Any approach towards disease control needs to recognise that socially embedded vulnerabilities can be as powerful as externally imposed infections.Asia Pacific has a specific panorama of infectious diseases,which,in common with other endemic areas,have a tendency to emerge or re-emerge if not carefully monitored.Sustained control aiming at elimination requires strong emphasis on surveillance and response.Well-designed informatics platforms can improve support systems and strengthen control activities,as they rapidly locate high-risk areas and provide detailed,up-to-date information on the performance of ongoing control programmes.
文摘热带病,特别是被忽视的热带病和贫困所致传染病仍然是危害世界上最贫困和最边缘人群的主要健康问题。热带病研究和培训特别规划署(Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases,TDR)是由世界卫生组织、联合国儿童基金会、联合国开发计划署、世界银行联合建立的一个推动、支持、指导和协调全球热带病防控的重要机构。2023年7月,TDR正式发布其2024—2029年战略规划,为未来6年全球热带病防控工作明确了方向和工作重点。该战略规划在坚持原有工作重点,即继续支持中、低收入国家研究者和研究机构开展热带病防控研究和培养其研究能力的基础上,有了一些新的发展方向,主要包括:①将热带病防治纳入应对全球主要健康挑战和实现联合国可持续发展健康目标的大框架内,以便以协同和整合的方式在防控热带病的同时对实现联合国可持续发展健康目标和应对全球健康挑战做出贡献;②以支持实施性研究为主,鼓励实践者和社会创新者参与研究,以寻找可用于解决当地实际健康问题的对策;③推动和鼓励采用全健康理念以及多学科、跨部门合作;④将工作重点逐渐从防控疾病为主转移到关注最贫困、最边缘人群的健康需求。这些新的发展方向值得国内致力于热带病研究与防控实践的人员和机构关注,以便对未来研究和实践工作有所裨益。
文摘Myiasis is the infestation of live human and vertebrate animals with maggots that feed on the host’s dead or living tissue, depending on the life cycle of the fly. It is a rare condition and often misdiagnosed. Tropical and subtropical regions of the world are commonly affected. The aim of this case report is to share this uncommon cutaneous condition with health workers and also remind them of its common symptoms and signs such that its diagnosis is not missed. An 11-year-old girl presented with a nine-day history of itchy rash involving mainly the trunk and upper arms which were found to be cutaneous Myiasis. Cutaneous Myiasis can cause miserly to the affected individual due to its symptoms, yet it can be prevented with good environmental and personal hygiene. Diagnosis and treatment are cheap and effective.
文摘背景热带岛礁特殊气候与当地常见病的发生相关,热带常见病特征的研究报道较少。目的回顾性分析热带岛礁某二级医院门诊就诊情况,探讨与大陆常见疾病谱的差异性,为热带岛礁常见病精准化防治提供参考。方法按照国际疾病分类(International Classification of Diseases,ICD)-10标准,统计分析热带岛礁某二级医院2016年1月-2019年12月门诊病历中62870例次诊断信息。结果就诊人群18~30岁年龄段占比最高(60.15%),男性(95.83%)占比远高于女性(4.17%)。按人体系统分,排名前5位的是肌肉骨骼系统和结缔组织疾病(19.15%)、呼吸系统疾病(17.57%)、消化系统疾病(15.50%)、皮肤和皮下组织疾病(10.24%)、损伤和中毒(8.13%)。按疾病类型分,排名前5位的是上呼吸道感染(9.81%)、腰痛(5.64%)、意外事故(5.58%)、皮炎(2.96%)、陈旧性肌肉劳损(2.08%)。结论热带岛礁常见疾病中上呼吸道感染是主要疾病类型,病原体不明确,存在流感暴发风险,应提高检测能力,予以针对性防控;同时应提高肌肉骨骼系统疾病和皮肤、皮下组织疾病的防治。
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82073311)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2020YFC2005500)+8 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(No.2022JDTD0025)Science and Technology Project in Chengdu of Sichuan Province of China(No.2022-YF05-01620-SN)the Key Research and Development Program of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province(No.2019YFS0514)the Clinical Research and Transformation Fund of Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital(No.2021LZ03)Open Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China(No.2021HX026)the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.JDZX2015210)the Open Research Fund of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Systematic Research of Distinctive Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China(No.2018GZ2011005)Screening and evaluation of anti-hepatic fibrosis varieties in traditional Chinese medicine formula granules(No.2022HX006)the Special Fund of Sichuan Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.2021MS_(2)76).
文摘Neglected tropical diseases(NTDs)refer to infectious diseases caused by multiple pathogens that are prevalent in hot,humid climates in tropical areas.With the global economic growth and the improvement of public health status,eliminating neglected tropical diseases will be of great significance to the healthy development of human beings.However,the number of drugs and vaccines for NTDs treatment is extremely limited,so it is urgent to develop new drugs.Since most NTDs are caused by parasites,this paper selected parasitic diseases with high morbidity and mortality,and focused on new effective therapeutic targets and excellent lead compounds for these diseases.Schistosomiasis,human African trypanosomiasis(HAT),Chagas disease,leishmaniasis,filariasis and toxoplasmosis correspond to a series targets such as smHDAC8,thioredoxin glutathione reductase(TGR),T.cruzi glucokinase(TcGlcK),phosphofructokinase(PFK),type IB topoisomerase,cell division cycle-2-related Kinase,sterolmethyl transferase,calumenin,dihydrofolate reductase(DHFR)and Toxoplasma gondii farnesyl-diphosphate synthase(TgFPPs).In this paper,the pharmacological effects of typical lead compounds corresponding to each disease,the structural characteristics of the mother nucleus and the pharmacological activities of the substituent.In addition,the binding patterns of some involved targets(such as smHDAC8)with corresponding lead compounds(such as compound 13)and the signaling pathways associated with gluconeogenesis,glycolysis,and pentose phosphate pathways are analyzed in detail.In this paper,the interaction mechanism between the lead compounds and the target were thoroughly discussed,in order to provide the research ideas of potential anti-parasite compounds,and further improve the understanding and prevention ability of such diseases of NTDs.
文摘Objective:To analyze the therapeutic response and safety of different treatments for cutaneous leishmaniasis,received by patients in the Program for the Study and Control of Tropical Diseases-PECET-Medellín-Colombia.Methods:This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of patients attended at PECET Research Center during 2016-2021.Relevant information regarding sociodemographic characteristics,history of leishmaniasis,characterization of current infection,treatment received,follow-up of therapeutic response and safety was collected from the medical records.Data were analyzed with Pearson's Chi-square association tests and Mann-Whitney U test using statistical software.Results:A total of 486 clinical records of patients were analyzed,and 356 received treatment.Eight different therapeutic alternatives(systemic,local and in combination)were analyzed.The therapeutic response of the different alternatives used(except thermotherapy)was higher than 50%.Most frequent adverse events were myalgias,arthralgias and headache,and vesicles for systemic and local treatment,respectively.Conclusions:Safety profile and performance of local therapeutic alternatives and combined schemes for the treatment of uncomplicated cutaneous leishmaniasis are an interesting option for the management of the disease.
文摘Chronic pancreatitis is known to be a heterogeneous disease with varied etiologies.Tropical calcific pancreatitis(TCP) is a severe form of chronic pancreatitis unique to developing countries.With growing evidence of genetic factors contributing to the pathogenesis of TCP,this review is aimed at compiling the available information in this field.We also propose a two hit model to explain the sequence of events in the pathogenesis of TCP.
文摘Objective: To determine the relationship between C-reactive protein(CRP) level and the severity of dengue and the potential use of CRP in predicting acute dengue infection.Methods: A prospective observational study was performed on dengue patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital in southern India. All patients of age above 18 years, diagnosed with dengue were included in the study. The detailed laboratory parameters pertaining to dengue were recorded. CRP levels were estimated and compared between groups i.e. severe and non-severe dengue. CRP cut-off value was detected using the receiver-operator curve.Results: Totally 98 patients with a mean age of 40 years were included. Among them, 11.2% of the patients suffered from severe dengue, 54.1% of the cases had non-severe dengue without warning signs, and 34.7% had non-severe dengue with warning signs. The median CRP was significantly higher in patients with severe dengue compared to patients with non-severe dengue(96.2 mg/d L vs. 5.3 mg/d L). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that the odd’s ratio(OR) of CRP was 1.053(P≤0.001, 95% CI=1.029-1.078). CRP at a cutoff value of 21.6 mg/L(0.929 AUC) had excellent sensitivity(100%) and specificity(81.6%) in predicting severe dengue infection. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that CRP(OR=1.089, P=0.013) and ALT(OR=1.010, P=0.034) were statistically significant independent predictors of dengue severity.Conclusions: CRP level could be used as a potential biomarker to predict severity of dengue in adults.
