Celiac disease （CD） is an autoimmune gluten-dependent enteropathy characterized by atrophy of intestinal villi that improves after gluten-free diet （GFD）. CD is often associated with extra-intestinal manifestation...Celiac disease （CD） is an autoimmune gluten-dependent enteropathy characterized by atrophy of intestinal villi that improves after gluten-free diet （GFD）. CD is often associated with extra-intestinal manifestations; among them, several skin diseases are described in CD patients. The present review reports all CD-associated skin manifestations described in the literature and tries to analyze the possible mechanisms involved in this association. The opportunity to evaluate the possible presence of CD in patients affected by skin disorders is discussed.展开更多
Experiments were conducted on a natural basalt (with 5 wt.% added H2O) at 1.0―2.5 GPa and 900―1100℃. Experimental products include partial melts (quenched glasses) + residual mineral assemblages of amphibolite or e...Experiments were conducted on a natural basalt (with 5 wt.% added H2O) at 1.0―2.5 GPa and 900―1100℃. Experimental products include partial melts (quenched glasses) + residual mineral assemblages of amphibolite or eclogite. Electron microprobe and LAM-ICP-MS were used to determine major and trace element compositions of these quenched melts, respectively. Major ele- ment compositions of all the melts are tonalitic- trondhjemitic, similar to adakite. Their trace element characteristics are controlled by coexisting residual minerals. Signatures of adakite such as high Sr/Y, low HREE and negative Nb-Ta anomaly, etc. are present only in the melts coexisting with residual assemblages containing rutile and garnet (rutile-bearing eclogite or rutile-bearing amphibole-eclogite). Garnet leads to HREE depletion in melts, whereas rutile controls Nb and Ta partitioning during the partial melting and causes negative Nb-Ta anomaly in melts. Therefore, in addition to garnet, rutile is also a necessary residual phase during the generation of adakite or TTG magmas to account for the negative Nb-Ta anomaly of the magmas. The depth for the generation of adakite/TTG magmas via melting of metabasalt must be more than about 50 km based on the approximate 1.5 GPa mini- mum-pressure for rutile stability in the partial melting field of hydrous basalt.展开更多
在华北克拉通北部,太古代麻粒岩古陆核与陆外沉积盆地(红旗营子群)之间已经厘定出一个晚太古代的古洋壳残片(Wang et al.,2009)。此残片南北两侧又发现了低Al2O3型TTG岩体(2512±19Ma)、富钾高铬的深熔花岗岩(Closepet-like),含Cr97...在华北克拉通北部,太古代麻粒岩古陆核与陆外沉积盆地(红旗营子群)之间已经厘定出一个晚太古代的古洋壳残片(Wang et al.,2009)。此残片南北两侧又发现了低Al2O3型TTG岩体(2512±19Ma)、富钾高铬的深熔花岗岩(Closepet-like),含Cr97×10-6～308×10-6,以及含大量密集的煌斑岩脉的含石英的二长岩(Sanukitoid-like)等三类在成因上与俯冲带密切相关的岩体。低Al2O3型TTG是在角闪麻粒岩亚相条件下由俯冲中的滑片部分熔融所生成。深熔花岗岩是TTG再熔融的产物,而它们的基性化演化和Cr的增高是幔源岩浆与富钾深熔花岗岩经复杂的岩浆混合和交代改造的结果。展开更多
文摘Celiac disease （CD） is an autoimmune gluten-dependent enteropathy characterized by atrophy of intestinal villi that improves after gluten-free diet （GFD）. CD is often associated with extra-intestinal manifestations; among them, several skin diseases are described in CD patients. The present review reports all CD-associated skin manifestations described in the literature and tries to analyze the possible mechanisms involved in this association. The opportunity to evaluate the possible presence of CD in patients affected by skin disorders is discussed.
基金This work was supported by Macquarie University,the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.40172029,40373035)the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant Nos.KZCX3-SW-152,GIGCX-04-03,GIGCX-03-04).
文摘Experiments were conducted on a natural basalt (with 5 wt.% added H2O) at 1.0―2.5 GPa and 900―1100℃. Experimental products include partial melts (quenched glasses) + residual mineral assemblages of amphibolite or eclogite. Electron microprobe and LAM-ICP-MS were used to determine major and trace element compositions of these quenched melts, respectively. Major ele- ment compositions of all the melts are tonalitic- trondhjemitic, similar to adakite. Their trace element characteristics are controlled by coexisting residual minerals. Signatures of adakite such as high Sr/Y, low HREE and negative Nb-Ta anomaly, etc. are present only in the melts coexisting with residual assemblages containing rutile and garnet (rutile-bearing eclogite or rutile-bearing amphibole-eclogite). Garnet leads to HREE depletion in melts, whereas rutile controls Nb and Ta partitioning during the partial melting and causes negative Nb-Ta anomaly in melts. Therefore, in addition to garnet, rutile is also a necessary residual phase during the generation of adakite or TTG magmas to account for the negative Nb-Ta anomaly of the magmas. The depth for the generation of adakite/TTG magmas via melting of metabasalt must be more than about 50 km based on the approximate 1.5 GPa mini- mum-pressure for rutile stability in the partial melting field of hydrous basalt.
文摘在华北克拉通北部,太古代麻粒岩古陆核与陆外沉积盆地(红旗营子群)之间已经厘定出一个晚太古代的古洋壳残片(Wang et al.,2009)。此残片南北两侧又发现了低Al2O3型TTG岩体(2512±19Ma)、富钾高铬的深熔花岗岩(Closepet-like),含Cr97×10-6～308×10-6,以及含大量密集的煌斑岩脉的含石英的二长岩(Sanukitoid-like)等三类在成因上与俯冲带密切相关的岩体。低Al2O3型TTG是在角闪麻粒岩亚相条件下由俯冲中的滑片部分熔融所生成。深熔花岗岩是TTG再熔融的产物,而它们的基性化演化和Cr的增高是幔源岩浆与富钾深熔花岗岩经复杂的岩浆混合和交代改造的结果。
