BACKGROUND:The timing and selection of patients for liver transplantation in acute liver failure are great challenges.This study aimed to investigate the effect of Glasgow coma scale(GCS)and APACHE-II scores on liver ...BACKGROUND:The timing and selection of patients for liver transplantation in acute liver failure are great challenges.This study aimed to investigate the effect of Glasgow coma scale(GCS)and APACHE-II scores on liver transplantation outcomes in patients with acute liver failure.METHOD:A total of 25 patients with acute liver failure were retrospectively analyzed according to age,etiology,time to transplantation,coma scores,complications and mortality.RESULTS:Eighteen patients received transplants from live donors and 7 had cadaveric whole liver transplants.The mean duration of follow-up after liver transplantation was 39.86±40.23 months.Seven patients died within the perioperative period and the 1-,3-,5-year survival rates of the patients were72%,72%and 60%,respectively.The parameters evaluated for the perioperative deaths versus alive were as follows:the mean age of the patients was 33.71 vs 28 years,MELD score was 40 vs32.66,GCS was 5.57 vs 10.16,APACHE-II score was 23 vs 18.11,serum sodium level was 138.57 vs 138.44 mmol/L,mean waiting time before the operation was 12 vs 5.16 days.Low GCS,high APACHE-II score and longer waiting time before the operation(P【0.01)were found as statistically significant factors for perioperative mortality.CONCLUSION:Lower GCS and higher APACHE-II scores are related to poor outcomes in patients with acute liver failure after liver transplantation.展开更多
Under stressful thermal environments, insects adjust their behavior and physi- ology to maintain key life-history activities and improve survival. For interacting species, mutual or antagonistic, thermal stress may af...Under stressful thermal environments, insects adjust their behavior and physi- ology to maintain key life-history activities and improve survival. For interacting species, mutual or antagonistic, thermal stress may affect the participants in differing ways, which may then affect the outcome of the ecological relationship. In agroecosystems, this may be the fate of relationships between insect pests and their antagonistic parasitoids un- der acute and chronic thermal variability. Against this background, we investigated the thermal tolerance of different developmental stages of Chilo partellus Swinhoe （Lepi- doptera： Crambidae） and its larval parasitoid, Cotesia sesamiae Cameron （Hymenoptera： Braconidae） using both dynamic and static protocols. When exposed for 2 h to a static temperature, lower lethal temperatures ranged from -9 to 6 ℃, -14 to -2 ℃, and -1 to 4 ℃ while upper lethal temperatures ranged from 37 to 48 ℃, 41 to 49 ℃, and 36 to 39 ℃ for C partellus eggs, larvae, and C. sesamiae adults, respectively. Faster heating rates improved critical thermal maxima （CTmax） in C partellus larvae and adult C partel- lus and C sesamiae. Lower cooling rates improved critical thermal minima （CTmin） in C partellus and C. sesamiae adults while compromising CTmin in C. partellus larvae. The mean supercooling points （SCPs） for C. partellus larvae, pupae, and adults were -11.82 ± 1.78, -10.43 ±1.73 and -15.75 ±2.47, respectively. Heat knock-down time （HKDT） and chill-coma recovery time （CCRT） varied significantly between C partellus larvae and adults. Larvae had higher HKDT than adults, while the latter recovered significantly faster following chill-coma. Current results suggest developmental stage differences in C partellus thermal tolerance （with respect to lethal temperatures and critical thermal limits） and a compromised temperature tolerance of parasitoid C. sesamiae relative to its host, suggesting potential asynchrony between host-parasitoid population phenology and 展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND:The timing and selection of patients for liver transplantation in acute liver failure are great challenges.This study aimed to investigate the effect of Glasgow coma scale(GCS)and APACHE-II scores on liver transplantation outcomes in patients with acute liver failure.METHOD:A total of 25 patients with acute liver failure were retrospectively analyzed according to age,etiology,time to transplantation,coma scores,complications and mortality.RESULTS:Eighteen patients received transplants from live donors and 7 had cadaveric whole liver transplants.The mean duration of follow-up after liver transplantation was 39.86±40.23 months.Seven patients died within the perioperative period and the 1-,3-,5-year survival rates of the patients were72%,72%and 60%,respectively.The parameters evaluated for the perioperative deaths versus alive were as follows:the mean age of the patients was 33.71 vs 28 years,MELD score was 40 vs32.66,GCS was 5.57 vs 10.16,APACHE-II score was 23 vs 18.11,serum sodium level was 138.57 vs 138.44 mmol/L,mean waiting time before the operation was 12 vs 5.16 days.Low GCS,high APACHE-II score and longer waiting time before the operation(P【0.01)were found as statistically significant factors for perioperative mortality.CONCLUSION:Lower GCS and higher APACHE-II scores are related to poor outcomes in patients with acute liver failure after liver transplantation.
文摘Under stressful thermal environments, insects adjust their behavior and physi- ology to maintain key life-history activities and improve survival. For interacting species, mutual or antagonistic, thermal stress may affect the participants in differing ways, which may then affect the outcome of the ecological relationship. In agroecosystems, this may be the fate of relationships between insect pests and their antagonistic parasitoids un- der acute and chronic thermal variability. Against this background, we investigated the thermal tolerance of different developmental stages of Chilo partellus Swinhoe （Lepi- doptera： Crambidae） and its larval parasitoid, Cotesia sesamiae Cameron （Hymenoptera： Braconidae） using both dynamic and static protocols. When exposed for 2 h to a static temperature, lower lethal temperatures ranged from -9 to 6 ℃, -14 to -2 ℃, and -1 to 4 ℃ while upper lethal temperatures ranged from 37 to 48 ℃, 41 to 49 ℃, and 36 to 39 ℃ for C partellus eggs, larvae, and C. sesamiae adults, respectively. Faster heating rates improved critical thermal maxima （CTmax） in C partellus larvae and adult C partel- lus and C sesamiae. Lower cooling rates improved critical thermal minima （CTmin） in C partellus and C. sesamiae adults while compromising CTmin in C. partellus larvae. The mean supercooling points （SCPs） for C. partellus larvae, pupae, and adults were -11.82 ± 1.78, -10.43 ±1.73 and -15.75 ±2.47, respectively. Heat knock-down time （HKDT） and chill-coma recovery time （CCRT） varied significantly between C partellus larvae and adults. Larvae had higher HKDT than adults, while the latter recovered significantly faster following chill-coma. Current results suggest developmental stage differences in C partellus thermal tolerance （with respect to lethal temperatures and critical thermal limits） and a compromised temperature tolerance of parasitoid C. sesamiae relative to its host, suggesting potential asynchrony between host-parasitoid population phenology and
