目的研究TAA法诱导的A型肝性脑病大鼠肠道通透性改变及其机制。方法于2020年12月至2021年3月选取雄性SD大鼠共30只随机分组,正常对照组8只腹腔注射生理盐水,肝性脑病模型组22只腹腔注射TAA(300mg/kg连续3天每隔24h),造模成功后根据肝性...目的研究TAA法诱导的A型肝性脑病大鼠肠道通透性改变及其机制。方法于2020年12月至2021年3月选取雄性SD大鼠共30只随机分组,正常对照组8只腹腔注射生理盐水,肝性脑病模型组22只腹腔注射TAA(300mg/kg连续3天每隔24h),造模成功后根据肝性脑病临床分级将肝性脑病组进一步细分为低级别肝性脑病组和高级别肝性脑病组,记录造模结束三组实验鼠的体重变化;处死后取空肠进行离体肠道通透性测定;干湿重法比较肠壁水肿程度;RT-PCR法测定肠道紧密连接蛋白ZO-1、Occludin及炎症因子TNF-α的表达水平。结果模型组共获得低级别肝性脑病大鼠和高级别肝性脑病大鼠各8只,死亡6只;肝性脑病组较正常对照组体重下降(0.06±0.04 VS-0.07±-0.02 VS-0.17±0.03,P<0.05),单位面积离体肠道通透性增加(0.82±0.11 VS 1.36±0.30 VS 1.74±0.32,P<0.05),肠壁明显水肿(3.02±0.18 VS 3.57±0.22 VS 4.44±0.43,P<0.05),具有统计学差异;且高级别肝性脑病组较低级别肝性脑病组变化趋势更为显著;肠道紧密连接蛋白ZO-1、Occludin表达存在下降趋势,但无统计学差异;炎症因子TNF-α表达升高(0.03±0.01VS 0.04±0.01 VS 0.08±0.02,P<0.05),存在统计学差异。结论 TAA诱导的A型肝性脑病大鼠肠道通透性与正常对照组相比显著增加,且肠道屏障破坏程度与肝性脑病临床分级存在相关,推测其机制可能与炎症因子TNF-α的表达升高有关。展开更多
Constraint-induced movement therapy after cerebral ischemia stimulates axonal growth by decreasing expression levels of Nogo-A,RhoA,and Rho-associated kinase(ROCK)in the ischemic boundary zone.However,it remains uncle...Constraint-induced movement therapy after cerebral ischemia stimulates axonal growth by decreasing expression levels of Nogo-A,RhoA,and Rho-associated kinase(ROCK)in the ischemic boundary zone.However,it remains unclear if there are any associations between the Nogo-A/RhoA/ROCK pathway and angiogenesis in adult rat brains in pathological processes such as ischemic stroke.In addition,it has not yet been reported whether constraint-induced movement therapy can promote angiogenesis in stroke in adult rats by overcoming Nogo-A/RhoA/ROCK signaling.Here,a stroke model was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion.Seven days after stroke,the following treatments were initiated and continued for 3 weeks:forced limb use in constraint-induced movement therapy rats(constraint-induced movement therapy group),intraperitoneal infusion of fasudil(a ROCK inhibitor)in fasudil rats(fasudil group),or lateral ventricular injection of NEP1-40(a specific antagonist of the Nogo-66 receptor)in NEP1-40 rats(NEP1-40 group).Immunohistochemistry and western blot assay results showed that,at 2 weeks after middle cerebral artery occlusion,expression levels of RhoA and ROCK were lower in the ischemic boundary zone in rats treated with NEP1-40 compared with rats treated with ischemia/reperfusion or constraint-induced movement therapy alone.However,at 4 weeks after middle cerebral artery occlusion,expression levels of RhoA and ROCK in the ischemic boundary zone were markedly decreased in the NEP1-40 and constraint-induced movement therapy groups,but there was no difference between these two groups.Compared with the ischemia/reperfusion group,modified neurological severity scores and foot fault scores were lower and time taken to locate the platform was shorter in the constraint-induced movement therapy and fasudil groups at 4 weeks after middle cerebral artery occlusion,especially in the constraint-induced movement therapy group.Immunofluorescent staining demonstrated that fasudil promoted an immune response of nerve-regene展开更多
This study examined effects of dietary protein sources and levels on intestinal health of 21 to 35 d-old weaned piglets fed antibiotics-free diets. A total of 150 weaned piglets(21 d of age) were allotted to 5 dietary...This study examined effects of dietary protein sources and levels on intestinal health of 21 to 35 d-old weaned piglets fed antibiotics-free diets. A total of 150 weaned piglets(21 d of age) were allotted to 5 dietary treatment groups. Diets were formulated, based on corn-soybean meal, with different protein sources(fish meal and soy protein concentrate) to provide different dietary CP levels. Piglets within 5 dietary treatments were fed diets as follows, respectively: 1) control diet of 17% CP(control); 2) 19% CP diets formulated with more soy protein concentrate(SPC19); 3) fish meal(FM19); 4) 23.7% CP diets formulated with more soy protein concentrate(SPC23); 5) fish meal(FM23). The results showed that piglets from control group had higher ADG and lower incidence of diarrhea compared with those of other groups(P < 0.05). The incidence of diarrhea of piglets in FM19 group was lower than those from SPC23 group and FM23 group(P < 0.05). With the higher CP levels, villous height and villous height to crypt depth ratio of piglets in the duodenum and jejunum were decreased(P < 0.05), but crypt depth was increased(P < 0.05). Comparing control group and other groups, we found the expression of inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β(IL-1β) and interferon-γ(IFN-γ) were increased(P < 0.05) in the jejunum and colon of piglets, as did cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulators(CFTR) in the distal colon. The relative transcript abundance of Zonula occludens-1(ZO-1) in the jejunum, and occludin in the jejunum and ileum of piglets fed 23.7% CP diets were reduced compared with those fed control diet(P < 0.05). In conclusion, the 17% CP diet without in-feed antibiotics helped improve growth performance and relief of diarrhea of 21 to 35 d-old weaned piglets. Dietary CP level, rather than its source(either fish meal or soy protein concentrate), has more significant impacts on the growth performance and intestinal health of 21 to 35 d-old weaned piglets when fed antibiotics-free diets.展开更多
文摘目的研究TAA法诱导的A型肝性脑病大鼠肠道通透性改变及其机制。方法于2020年12月至2021年3月选取雄性SD大鼠共30只随机分组,正常对照组8只腹腔注射生理盐水,肝性脑病模型组22只腹腔注射TAA(300mg/kg连续3天每隔24h),造模成功后根据肝性脑病临床分级将肝性脑病组进一步细分为低级别肝性脑病组和高级别肝性脑病组,记录造模结束三组实验鼠的体重变化;处死后取空肠进行离体肠道通透性测定;干湿重法比较肠壁水肿程度;RT-PCR法测定肠道紧密连接蛋白ZO-1、Occludin及炎症因子TNF-α的表达水平。结果模型组共获得低级别肝性脑病大鼠和高级别肝性脑病大鼠各8只,死亡6只;肝性脑病组较正常对照组体重下降(0.06±0.04 VS-0.07±-0.02 VS-0.17±0.03,P<0.05),单位面积离体肠道通透性增加(0.82±0.11 VS 1.36±0.30 VS 1.74±0.32,P<0.05),肠壁明显水肿(3.02±0.18 VS 3.57±0.22 VS 4.44±0.43,P<0.05),具有统计学差异;且高级别肝性脑病组较低级别肝性脑病组变化趋势更为显著;肠道紧密连接蛋白ZO-1、Occludin表达存在下降趋势,但无统计学差异;炎症因子TNF-α表达升高(0.03±0.01VS 0.04±0.01 VS 0.08±0.02,P<0.05),存在统计学差异。结论 TAA诱导的A型肝性脑病大鼠肠道通透性与正常对照组相比显著增加,且肠道屏障破坏程度与肝性脑病临床分级存在相关,推测其机制可能与炎症因子TNF-α的表达升高有关。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(General Program),No.81771271(to JF)
文摘Constraint-induced movement therapy after cerebral ischemia stimulates axonal growth by decreasing expression levels of Nogo-A,RhoA,and Rho-associated kinase(ROCK)in the ischemic boundary zone.However,it remains unclear if there are any associations between the Nogo-A/RhoA/ROCK pathway and angiogenesis in adult rat brains in pathological processes such as ischemic stroke.In addition,it has not yet been reported whether constraint-induced movement therapy can promote angiogenesis in stroke in adult rats by overcoming Nogo-A/RhoA/ROCK signaling.Here,a stroke model was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion.Seven days after stroke,the following treatments were initiated and continued for 3 weeks:forced limb use in constraint-induced movement therapy rats(constraint-induced movement therapy group),intraperitoneal infusion of fasudil(a ROCK inhibitor)in fasudil rats(fasudil group),or lateral ventricular injection of NEP1-40(a specific antagonist of the Nogo-66 receptor)in NEP1-40 rats(NEP1-40 group).Immunohistochemistry and western blot assay results showed that,at 2 weeks after middle cerebral artery occlusion,expression levels of RhoA and ROCK were lower in the ischemic boundary zone in rats treated with NEP1-40 compared with rats treated with ischemia/reperfusion or constraint-induced movement therapy alone.However,at 4 weeks after middle cerebral artery occlusion,expression levels of RhoA and ROCK in the ischemic boundary zone were markedly decreased in the NEP1-40 and constraint-induced movement therapy groups,but there was no difference between these two groups.Compared with the ischemia/reperfusion group,modified neurological severity scores and foot fault scores were lower and time taken to locate the platform was shorter in the constraint-induced movement therapy and fasudil groups at 4 weeks after middle cerebral artery occlusion,especially in the constraint-induced movement therapy group.Immunofluorescent staining demonstrated that fasudil promoted an immune response of nerve-regene
基金financially supported by China Agriculture Research System (CARS-36) (2013B060400039 to 2011A020102009)National Basic Research Program of China (2013CB127301, and 2013CB127304)+1 种基金Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province (2013B060400039,2013A061401020)Special Program for Guangdong Research Institutions' Innovation and Construction(2012B060600005)
文摘This study examined effects of dietary protein sources and levels on intestinal health of 21 to 35 d-old weaned piglets fed antibiotics-free diets. A total of 150 weaned piglets(21 d of age) were allotted to 5 dietary treatment groups. Diets were formulated, based on corn-soybean meal, with different protein sources(fish meal and soy protein concentrate) to provide different dietary CP levels. Piglets within 5 dietary treatments were fed diets as follows, respectively: 1) control diet of 17% CP(control); 2) 19% CP diets formulated with more soy protein concentrate(SPC19); 3) fish meal(FM19); 4) 23.7% CP diets formulated with more soy protein concentrate(SPC23); 5) fish meal(FM23). The results showed that piglets from control group had higher ADG and lower incidence of diarrhea compared with those of other groups(P < 0.05). The incidence of diarrhea of piglets in FM19 group was lower than those from SPC23 group and FM23 group(P < 0.05). With the higher CP levels, villous height and villous height to crypt depth ratio of piglets in the duodenum and jejunum were decreased(P < 0.05), but crypt depth was increased(P < 0.05). Comparing control group and other groups, we found the expression of inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β(IL-1β) and interferon-γ(IFN-γ) were increased(P < 0.05) in the jejunum and colon of piglets, as did cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulators(CFTR) in the distal colon. The relative transcript abundance of Zonula occludens-1(ZO-1) in the jejunum, and occludin in the jejunum and ileum of piglets fed 23.7% CP diets were reduced compared with those fed control diet(P < 0.05). In conclusion, the 17% CP diet without in-feed antibiotics helped improve growth performance and relief of diarrhea of 21 to 35 d-old weaned piglets. Dietary CP level, rather than its source(either fish meal or soy protein concentrate), has more significant impacts on the growth performance and intestinal health of 21 to 35 d-old weaned piglets when fed antibiotics-free diets.
