On the basis of the concept of the two-channel Temperature-Independent Spectral Indices (TISI), a physically based method is developed to extract the directional emissivities in mid-infrared and thermal infrared chann...On the basis of the concept of the two-channel Temperature-Independent Spectral Indices (TISI), a physically based method is developed to extract the directional emissivities in mid-infrared and thermal infrared channels from day-night space measurements. A phenomenol-ogical model with three parameters is also proposed in this paper to describe the angular variations of the reflectivity (or emissivity). Having applied the proposed method to AVHRR data on an area covering the Iberian Peninsula (rather vegetated) and on a region centered on Tunisia (arid area), one can see from the results that the terrestrial surfaces do not behave as Lambertian reflector and angular variations of bidirectional reflectivity for bare soils appear to be azimuth-independent whereas those for vegetation present a pronounced backscattering effect. As for directional emissivities, values of vegetated areas are found to be higher and remain rather constant whatever the view angle is. On the contrary, on arid areas, values are found to be rather low and present significant angular variations.展开更多
We report the magnetoresistance（MR）, de Haas-van Alphen（dHvA） effect and Hall effect measurements on a single crystal of TiSi, which is predicted to be a nodal line semimetal. With application of a magnetic field,...We report the magnetoresistance（MR）, de Haas-van Alphen（dHvA） effect and Hall effect measurements on a single crystal of TiSi, which is predicted to be a nodal line semimetal. With application of a magnetic field, a metal-to-insulator-like transition in ρ（T） and a nonsaturating MR are observed at low temperatures. The dHvA oscillations reveal a small Fermi-surface pocket with a nontrivial Berry phase. The analysis of the nonlinear Hall resistivity shows that TiSi is a multiband system with low carrier densities and high mobilities. All these results unambiguously prove the existence of Dirac fermions in TiSi.展开更多
Intervaginal space injection(ISI)is a novel mode of administration investigated over the last decade.After injecting nanoparticles into the intervaginal space,they can be transported along low flow resistance channels...Intervaginal space injection(ISI)is a novel mode of administration investigated over the last decade.After injecting nanoparticles into the intervaginal space,they can be transported along low flow resistance channels into the interstitial space.This transport has a certain delivery direction,and site-specific injection can work on specific organs or tissues.In this study,the thorax,a new ISI site in the interstitial surrounding the internal thoracic artery named the thoracic interstitial injection(tISI)was investigated.To prove the targeting ability of the tISI,two sizes of gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)(47 and 87 nm)were administered to mice.After 1 h,the biodistribution of AuNPs in the tissues was measured via single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(spICP-MS).The results showed that the concentration of AuNPs in the aorta after tISI injection was significantly higher than that after intravenous injection.Moreover,fewer nanoparticles with larger particle sizes were observed to have entered the blood and were better targeted to the aorta.Thereafter,tanshinone IIa sodium sulfonate liposomes were administered for the treatment of aortic atherosclerosis.The proportion of aortic plaques in atherosclerotic Apoe-/-mice administered via tISI was significantly lower than that in other model animals(P<0.001).Furthermore,the proteoglycan content and CD68-positive cell count in the plaques were significantly reduced.The vascular elastic fibers at the plaque site were thickened,and fractures were reduced.tISI was,therefore,determined to be an effective strategy for the treatment of atherosclerotic aortic plaques.展开更多
文摘On the basis of the concept of the two-channel Temperature-Independent Spectral Indices (TISI), a physically based method is developed to extract the directional emissivities in mid-infrared and thermal infrared channels from day-night space measurements. A phenomenol-ogical model with three parameters is also proposed in this paper to describe the angular variations of the reflectivity (or emissivity). Having applied the proposed method to AVHRR data on an area covering the Iberian Peninsula (rather vegetated) and on a region centered on Tunisia (arid area), one can see from the results that the terrestrial surfaces do not behave as Lambertian reflector and angular variations of bidirectional reflectivity for bare soils appear to be azimuth-independent whereas those for vegetation present a pronounced backscattering effect. As for directional emissivities, values of vegetated areas are found to be higher and remain rather constant whatever the view angle is. On the contrary, on arid areas, values are found to be rather low and present significant angular variations.
基金Supported by the National Key Research Program of China under Grant Nos 2016YFA0401000 and 2016YFA0300604the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No 2015CB921303+1 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program(B)of Chinese Academy of Sciences under Grant No XDB07020100the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No11874417
文摘We report the magnetoresistance（MR）, de Haas-van Alphen（dHvA） effect and Hall effect measurements on a single crystal of TiSi, which is predicted to be a nodal line semimetal. With application of a magnetic field, a metal-to-insulator-like transition in ρ（T） and a nonsaturating MR are observed at low temperatures. The dHvA oscillations reveal a small Fermi-surface pocket with a nontrivial Berry phase. The analysis of the nonlinear Hall resistivity shows that TiSi is a multiband system with low carrier densities and high mobilities. All these results unambiguously prove the existence of Dirac fermions in TiSi.
基金supported by the Key Research Program of Frontier Science of CAS(No.ZDBS-LY-SLH036)Key deployment projects of CAS(No.QYKJZD-SSW-SLH02).
文摘Intervaginal space injection(ISI)is a novel mode of administration investigated over the last decade.After injecting nanoparticles into the intervaginal space,they can be transported along low flow resistance channels into the interstitial space.This transport has a certain delivery direction,and site-specific injection can work on specific organs or tissues.In this study,the thorax,a new ISI site in the interstitial surrounding the internal thoracic artery named the thoracic interstitial injection(tISI)was investigated.To prove the targeting ability of the tISI,two sizes of gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)(47 and 87 nm)were administered to mice.After 1 h,the biodistribution of AuNPs in the tissues was measured via single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(spICP-MS).The results showed that the concentration of AuNPs in the aorta after tISI injection was significantly higher than that after intravenous injection.Moreover,fewer nanoparticles with larger particle sizes were observed to have entered the blood and were better targeted to the aorta.Thereafter,tanshinone IIa sodium sulfonate liposomes were administered for the treatment of aortic atherosclerosis.The proportion of aortic plaques in atherosclerotic Apoe-/-mice administered via tISI was significantly lower than that in other model animals(P<0.001).Furthermore,the proteoglycan content and CD68-positive cell count in the plaques were significantly reduced.The vascular elastic fibers at the plaque site were thickened,and fractures were reduced.tISI was,therefore,determined to be an effective strategy for the treatment of atherosclerotic aortic plaques.
