以旱稻297为试验材料,比较了在不施氮肥和150 kg hm^-2的施氮量下旱稻297非结构性碳水化合物的生产能力、运转特点及其与产量构成因子的关系,分析了旱稻297氮肥投入与碳水化合物生产和产量形成间的关系。试验结果表明,开花前储藏的非结...以旱稻297为试验材料,比较了在不施氮肥和150 kg hm^-2的施氮量下旱稻297非结构性碳水化合物的生产能力、运转特点及其与产量构成因子的关系,分析了旱稻297氮肥投入与碳水化合物生产和产量形成间的关系。试验结果表明,开花前储藏的非结构性碳水化合物对产量的贡献率为32%-54%,施氮降低了开花前非结构性碳水化合物对产量的贡献率,相对而言开花后光合产物对产量的贡献率略有提高;开花前非结构性碳水化合物的转移效率为48%-65%,施氮后转移效率略有降低;总体而言,施氮降低了开花前后分配给单个籽粒的非结构性碳水化合物的数量,导致千粒重降低;在一定的范围内,随着开花期叶片中可溶性糖浓度的提高,结实率显著提高,但是随着穗中淀粉浓度的提高,结实率显著降低。因此,施氮后非结构性碳水化合物积累不足和转移效率降低同时限制了千粒重和结实率的提高,而叶片中可溶性糖浓度偏低和穗中淀粉浓度偏高限制了结实率的提高,是限制产量提高的主要原因。此外,旱稻297花后光合产物生产能力较低,是限制产量提高的又一原因。展开更多
Stress-associated protein （SAP） has functions in maintaining plant cell elongation, embryo development and response to abiotic stresses. TaSAP1-A1, one of the Triticum aestivum SAP1 （TaSAP1） members located on whe...Stress-associated protein （SAP） has functions in maintaining plant cell elongation, embryo development and response to abiotic stresses. TaSAP1-A1, one of the Triticum aestivum SAP1 （TaSAP1） members located on wheat chromosome 7A was isolated for polymorphism analysis. HaplII of TaSAP1-A1 was found significantly associated with thousand-grain weight （TGW） in multiple environments. In this study, HaplII also made a positive contribution to TGW in Population 2. The distribution of TaSAP1-A1 HapIII was tracked among varieties released in different years and geographical environments of China. The frequency of HapIII showed an increasing trend during the breeding process in two different populations. The ItapIII was gradually selected and applied from 6.36% in landraces to 13.50% in modem varieties. These results exhibited that TaSAP1-A1 HapIII was positively selected during wheat breeding, which is beneficial for grain-yield improvement. The preferred HapIIl was initially selected and applied in the higher latitude areas of China in accord with the long day season and longer grain filling stage in these areas. Moreover, the frequency of HaplII in recent modem varieties was still quite low （19.29-26.67%）. It indicated a high application potential of TaSAP1-A 1 HapIII for improving grain yield in wheat breeding.展开更多
文摘以旱稻297为试验材料,比较了在不施氮肥和150 kg hm^-2的施氮量下旱稻297非结构性碳水化合物的生产能力、运转特点及其与产量构成因子的关系,分析了旱稻297氮肥投入与碳水化合物生产和产量形成间的关系。试验结果表明,开花前储藏的非结构性碳水化合物对产量的贡献率为32%-54%,施氮降低了开花前非结构性碳水化合物对产量的贡献率,相对而言开花后光合产物对产量的贡献率略有提高;开花前非结构性碳水化合物的转移效率为48%-65%,施氮后转移效率略有降低;总体而言,施氮降低了开花前后分配给单个籽粒的非结构性碳水化合物的数量,导致千粒重降低;在一定的范围内,随着开花期叶片中可溶性糖浓度的提高,结实率显著提高,但是随着穗中淀粉浓度的提高,结实率显著降低。因此,施氮后非结构性碳水化合物积累不足和转移效率降低同时限制了千粒重和结实率的提高,而叶片中可溶性糖浓度偏低和穗中淀粉浓度偏高限制了结实率的提高,是限制产量提高的主要原因。此外,旱稻297花后光合产物生产能力较低,是限制产量提高的又一原因。
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2010CB951501)the National High-Tech R&D Program of China(2011AA100501)
文摘Stress-associated protein （SAP） has functions in maintaining plant cell elongation, embryo development and response to abiotic stresses. TaSAP1-A1, one of the Triticum aestivum SAP1 （TaSAP1） members located on wheat chromosome 7A was isolated for polymorphism analysis. HaplII of TaSAP1-A1 was found significantly associated with thousand-grain weight （TGW） in multiple environments. In this study, HaplII also made a positive contribution to TGW in Population 2. The distribution of TaSAP1-A1 HapIII was tracked among varieties released in different years and geographical environments of China. The frequency of HapIII showed an increasing trend during the breeding process in two different populations. The ItapIII was gradually selected and applied from 6.36% in landraces to 13.50% in modem varieties. These results exhibited that TaSAP1-A1 HapIII was positively selected during wheat breeding, which is beneficial for grain-yield improvement. The preferred HapIIl was initially selected and applied in the higher latitude areas of China in accord with the long day season and longer grain filling stage in these areas. Moreover, the frequency of HaplII in recent modem varieties was still quite low （19.29-26.67%）. It indicated a high application potential of TaSAP1-A 1 HapIII for improving grain yield in wheat breeding.
