In this literature review on TPE （third-person effects） and the behavioral consequences on children, the research questions posed are how the body of knowledge has evolved since the first empirical evidence of TPE a...In this literature review on TPE （third-person effects） and the behavioral consequences on children, the research questions posed are how the body of knowledge has evolved since the first empirical evidence of TPE among children and what knowledge gaps that remain. The traceable developments are two： （1） Compared to the vast amount of articles on TPE in general, the 5 9 identified on the topic of children are few and two thirds actually focus on adolescents/young adults rather than children. The reason put forward for studying younger children is the urge to prevent risky behavior through media literacy programs or pro-social advertisements; and （2） The studies have not primarily addressed results to support occurrence of TPE among children. Rather they support parental TPE or among the adolescents that TPE and reverse TPE occur due to certain kind of media content. The discussion on knowledge gaps that remain follow three themes： （1） Differentiations between self and others are in psychological studies implied to occur among children between the ages of 3-4 years old, yet no study address how children develop TPE; （2） There is a tendency to follow the more general development within TPE research with the renewed interest in behavioral consequences. But the primary behavioral consequence studied in TPE in general and within studies of TPE and children is support for censorship. Few studies address ＂real＂ behavioral consequences like parental mediation; and （3） There is also a need for more theoretically coherent research on the importance of social distance.展开更多
As the second bestseller of Khaled Hosseini' s novels that spread all over the world,A Thousand Splendid Suns embodies the quite impressive and infective writing techniques and narrative power of its writer and it...As the second bestseller of Khaled Hosseini' s novels that spread all over the world,A Thousand Splendid Suns embodies the quite impressive and infective writing techniques and narrative power of its writer and it also shows the unique language style of Hosseini.This paper gives an explanation of the narrative point of view and analyses the specific examples in the text.Through deepening the transition of third-person point of view between the two characters,the paper demonstrates its stylistic effects in arranging the textual structure as well as building the characters,thus deepen the theme of the whole story.展开更多
This paper studies the web third-person effect （WTPE） hypothesis in the context of news websites and social media. Specifically, the study examines the role of social media metrics （i.e., shares and likes of news a...This paper studies the web third-person effect （WTPE） hypothesis in the context of news websites and social media. Specifically, the study examines the role of social media metrics （i.e., shares and likes of news articles） in shaping users＇ opinion about the websites. Users＇ news sharing intention in social media is also investigated. Based on a structured online questionnaire （N = 7,404）, the results confirm that WTPE can be found in social media metrics without the presence of specific message content. It should be noted that the effect was found at three perceptual levels, self, friends, and other users. Regarding intention for news sharing, text was indicated as the most important reason among Internet users. Finally, the work demonstrates significant correlations between WTPE and article characteristics that influence people＇s attitudes to share news online.展开更多
This study aims to fertilize research on parental mediation with the importance of parents＇ media attitudes in terms of parental third-person effects and its varieties. The explanatory power of these perceptions on b...This study aims to fertilize research on parental mediation with the importance of parents＇ media attitudes in terms of parental third-person effects and its varieties. The explanatory power of these perceptions on behavioral consequences as types of parental mediation is analyzed with control for previously known factors. Data from a cross-sectional population survey in Sweden 2011 covered a representative sample of children, aged 2-17 years in total 1461. The results show that the parental second-person perceptions explain （i.e., general belief in media effects） more than parental third-person perceptions. Parental second-person perceptions together with the age of the child explain most of the restrictive mediation and the effects of parental second-person perceptions on restrictive mediation increase with the parents lesser control of the media type.展开更多
The third-person effect hypothesis has become one of the most important aspects in the research field within the American empirical school.A large number of studies have adopted empirical research methods to verify th...The third-person effect hypothesis has become one of the most important aspects in the research field within the American empirical school.A large number of studies have adopted empirical research methods to verify the reliability of the third-person effect.With the rise of the network society,local research on the third-person effect has gradually extended to the verification or falsification of the third-person effect in the network environment.This article begins with a study on the third-person effect of online commercial advertisements based on the students from Guangzhou Huashang College.Through the study,the research hypotheses have been proposed and questionnaires have been distributed to the research subjects for analysis.Based on a series of quantitative operations,such as data analysis,empirical observations,and empirical research,this study provides a source of reference and reflection for research in this field.展开更多
文摘In this literature review on TPE （third-person effects） and the behavioral consequences on children, the research questions posed are how the body of knowledge has evolved since the first empirical evidence of TPE among children and what knowledge gaps that remain. The traceable developments are two： （1） Compared to the vast amount of articles on TPE in general, the 5 9 identified on the topic of children are few and two thirds actually focus on adolescents/young adults rather than children. The reason put forward for studying younger children is the urge to prevent risky behavior through media literacy programs or pro-social advertisements; and （2） The studies have not primarily addressed results to support occurrence of TPE among children. Rather they support parental TPE or among the adolescents that TPE and reverse TPE occur due to certain kind of media content. The discussion on knowledge gaps that remain follow three themes： （1） Differentiations between self and others are in psychological studies implied to occur among children between the ages of 3-4 years old, yet no study address how children develop TPE; （2） There is a tendency to follow the more general development within TPE research with the renewed interest in behavioral consequences. But the primary behavioral consequence studied in TPE in general and within studies of TPE and children is support for censorship. Few studies address ＂real＂ behavioral consequences like parental mediation; and （3） There is also a need for more theoretically coherent research on the importance of social distance.
文摘As the second bestseller of Khaled Hosseini' s novels that spread all over the world,A Thousand Splendid Suns embodies the quite impressive and infective writing techniques and narrative power of its writer and it also shows the unique language style of Hosseini.This paper gives an explanation of the narrative point of view and analyses the specific examples in the text.Through deepening the transition of third-person point of view between the two characters,the paper demonstrates its stylistic effects in arranging the textual structure as well as building the characters,thus deepen the theme of the whole story.
文摘This paper studies the web third-person effect （WTPE） hypothesis in the context of news websites and social media. Specifically, the study examines the role of social media metrics （i.e., shares and likes of news articles） in shaping users＇ opinion about the websites. Users＇ news sharing intention in social media is also investigated. Based on a structured online questionnaire （N = 7,404）, the results confirm that WTPE can be found in social media metrics without the presence of specific message content. It should be noted that the effect was found at three perceptual levels, self, friends, and other users. Regarding intention for news sharing, text was indicated as the most important reason among Internet users. Finally, the work demonstrates significant correlations between WTPE and article characteristics that influence people＇s attitudes to share news online.
文摘This study aims to fertilize research on parental mediation with the importance of parents＇ media attitudes in terms of parental third-person effects and its varieties. The explanatory power of these perceptions on behavioral consequences as types of parental mediation is analyzed with control for previously known factors. Data from a cross-sectional population survey in Sweden 2011 covered a representative sample of children, aged 2-17 years in total 1461. The results show that the parental second-person perceptions explain （i.e., general belief in media effects） more than parental third-person perceptions. Parental second-person perceptions together with the age of the child explain most of the restrictive mediation and the effects of parental second-person perceptions on restrictive mediation increase with the parents lesser control of the media type.
文摘The third-person effect hypothesis has become one of the most important aspects in the research field within the American empirical school.A large number of studies have adopted empirical research methods to verify the reliability of the third-person effect.With the rise of the network society,local research on the third-person effect has gradually extended to the verification or falsification of the third-person effect in the network environment.This article begins with a study on the third-person effect of online commercial advertisements based on the students from Guangzhou Huashang College.Through the study,the research hypotheses have been proposed and questionnaires have been distributed to the research subjects for analysis.Based on a series of quantitative operations,such as data analysis,empirical observations,and empirical research,this study provides a source of reference and reflection for research in this field.
