Pregnancy with solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas(SPTP)is rare.Because pregnancy hormones may cause tumor progression,the management and treatment of SPTP need to balance the safety of pregnant women and fetu...Pregnancy with solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas(SPTP)is rare.Because pregnancy hormones may cause tumor progression,the management and treatment of SPTP need to balance the safety of pregnant women and fetuses with surgical treatment.We reported a case of a giant pancreatic tumor diagnosed during pregnancy that was considered to be SPTP.Examinations also showed hepatitis B virus infection and severe decompensation of liver cirrhosis.Medical termination of pregnancy was performed.The patient has lived with the tumor until now without surgery.We retrieved the published case reports,summarized the clinical characteristics of pregnancy with SPTP,and explored its management during the perinatal period.Most patients with SPTP have a good prognosis with good maternal and fetal outcomes,and it is important to choose an appropriate treatment method and timing.However,pregnancy combined with decompensated liver cirrhosis needs to be terminated in a timely manner because of its high-risk status.展开更多
Currently,scientific interest has focused on fat accumulation outside of subcutaneous adipose tissue.As various imaging modalities are available to quantify fat accumulation in partic-ular organs,fatty pancreas has be...Currently,scientific interest has focused on fat accumulation outside of subcutaneous adipose tissue.As various imaging modalities are available to quantify fat accumulation in partic-ular organs,fatty pancreas has become an important area of research over the last decade.The pancreas has an essential role in regulating glucose metabolism and insulin secretion by responding to changes in nutrients under various metabolic circumstances.Mounting evidence has revealed that fatty pancreas is linked to impairedβ-cell function and affects in-sulin secretion with metabolic consequences of impaired glu-cose metabolism,type 2 diabetes,and metabolic syndrome.It has been shown that there is a connection between fatty pancreas and the presence and severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),which has become the predominant cause of chronic liver disease worldwide.Therefore,it is nec-essary to better understand the pathogenic mechanisms of fat accumulation in the pancreas and its relationship with NAFLD.This review summarizes the epidemiology,diagnosis,risk factors,and metabolic consequences of fatty pancreas and discusses its pathophysiology links to NAFLD.展开更多
The unique structure of the stomach,including the rumen,reticulum,omasum,and abomasum,indicates the differences between the ruminant and monogastric animals in the digestion of nutrients.This difference is reflected i...The unique structure of the stomach,including the rumen,reticulum,omasum,and abomasum,indicates the differences between the ruminant and monogastric animals in the digestion of nutrients.This difference is reflected in the majority of dietary nutrients that may be fermented in the rumen.Significant proteins and a certain amount of starch can flow to the small intestine apart from rumen.The initial phase of small intestinal digestion requires pancreatic digestive enzymes.In theory,the enzymatic digestion and utilization efficiency of starch in the small intestine are considerably higher than that in the rumen,but the starch digestibility in the small intestine is quite low in ruminants.Therefore,improving the digestion of nutrients,especially starch in the small intestine is more urgent for high-yield ruminants.Although the pancreas plays a central role in nutrient digestion,the progress of research investigating pancreatic exocrine regulation in the ruminant is slow due to some factors,such as the complex structure of the pancreas,the selection of experimental model and duration,and internal(hormones or ages) and external(diet) influences.The present review is based on the research findings of pancreatic exocrine regulation of dairy animals and expounded from the physiological structure of the ruminant pancreas,the factors affecting the digestion and exocrine processing of carbohydrates,and the regulatory mechanism governing this process.The review aims to better understand the characteristics of enzymatic digestion,thereby advancing pancreatic exocrine research and improving the digestion and utilization of nutrients in ruminants.Additionally,this review provides the theoretical basis for improving nutrient utilization efficiency,reducing wastage of feed resources,and promoting the efficient development of the dairy industry.展开更多
As the pancreas only occupies a small region in the whole abdominal computed tomography(CT)scans and has high variability in shape,location and size,deep neural networks in automatic pancreas segmentation task can be ...As the pancreas only occupies a small region in the whole abdominal computed tomography(CT)scans and has high variability in shape,location and size,deep neural networks in automatic pancreas segmentation task can be easily confused by the complex and variable background.To alleviate these issues,this paper proposes a novel pancreas segmentation optimization based on the coarse-to-fine structure,in which the coarse stage is responsible for increasing the proportion of the target region in the input image through the minimum bounding box,and the fine is for improving the accuracy of pancreas segmentation by enhancing the data diversity and by introducing a new segmentation model,and reducing the running time by adding a total weights constraint.This optimization is evaluated on the public pancreas segmentation dataset and achieves 87.87%average Dice-Sørensen coefficient(DSC)accuracy,which is 0.94%higher than 86.93%,result of the state-of-the-art pancreas segmentation methods.Moreover,this method has strong generalization that it can be easily applied to other coarse-to-fine or one step organ segmentation tasks.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (grant no.2019YFC1005105).
文摘Pregnancy with solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas(SPTP)is rare.Because pregnancy hormones may cause tumor progression,the management and treatment of SPTP need to balance the safety of pregnant women and fetuses with surgical treatment.We reported a case of a giant pancreatic tumor diagnosed during pregnancy that was considered to be SPTP.Examinations also showed hepatitis B virus infection and severe decompensation of liver cirrhosis.Medical termination of pregnancy was performed.The patient has lived with the tumor until now without surgery.We retrieved the published case reports,summarized the clinical characteristics of pregnancy with SPTP,and explored its management during the perinatal period.Most patients with SPTP have a good prognosis with good maternal and fetal outcomes,and it is important to choose an appropriate treatment method and timing.However,pregnancy combined with decompensated liver cirrhosis needs to be terminated in a timely manner because of its high-risk status.
文摘Currently,scientific interest has focused on fat accumulation outside of subcutaneous adipose tissue.As various imaging modalities are available to quantify fat accumulation in partic-ular organs,fatty pancreas has become an important area of research over the last decade.The pancreas has an essential role in regulating glucose metabolism and insulin secretion by responding to changes in nutrients under various metabolic circumstances.Mounting evidence has revealed that fatty pancreas is linked to impairedβ-cell function and affects in-sulin secretion with metabolic consequences of impaired glu-cose metabolism,type 2 diabetes,and metabolic syndrome.It has been shown that there is a connection between fatty pancreas and the presence and severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),which has become the predominant cause of chronic liver disease worldwide.Therefore,it is nec-essary to better understand the pathogenic mechanisms of fat accumulation in the pancreas and its relationship with NAFLD.This review summarizes the epidemiology,diagnosis,risk factors,and metabolic consequences of fatty pancreas and discusses its pathophysiology links to NAFLD.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Award Numbers:2018YFD0501600 and 2017YFD0500500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Award Numbers:31672451 and 31472122)。
文摘The unique structure of the stomach,including the rumen,reticulum,omasum,and abomasum,indicates the differences between the ruminant and monogastric animals in the digestion of nutrients.This difference is reflected in the majority of dietary nutrients that may be fermented in the rumen.Significant proteins and a certain amount of starch can flow to the small intestine apart from rumen.The initial phase of small intestinal digestion requires pancreatic digestive enzymes.In theory,the enzymatic digestion and utilization efficiency of starch in the small intestine are considerably higher than that in the rumen,but the starch digestibility in the small intestine is quite low in ruminants.Therefore,improving the digestion of nutrients,especially starch in the small intestine is more urgent for high-yield ruminants.Although the pancreas plays a central role in nutrient digestion,the progress of research investigating pancreatic exocrine regulation in the ruminant is slow due to some factors,such as the complex structure of the pancreas,the selection of experimental model and duration,and internal(hormones or ages) and external(diet) influences.The present review is based on the research findings of pancreatic exocrine regulation of dairy animals and expounded from the physiological structure of the ruminant pancreas,the factors affecting the digestion and exocrine processing of carbohydrates,and the regulatory mechanism governing this process.The review aims to better understand the characteristics of enzymatic digestion,thereby advancing pancreatic exocrine research and improving the digestion and utilization of nutrients in ruminants.Additionally,this review provides the theoretical basis for improving nutrient utilization efficiency,reducing wastage of feed resources,and promoting the efficient development of the dairy industry.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[61772242,61976106,61572239]the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation[2017M611737]+3 种基金the Six Talent Peaks Project in Jiangsu Province[DZXX-122]the Jiangsu Province EmergencyManagement Science and Technology Project[YJGL-TG-2020-8]the Key Research and Development Plan of Zhenjiang City[SH2020011]Postgraduate Innovation Fund of Jiangsu Province[KYCX18_2257].
文摘As the pancreas only occupies a small region in the whole abdominal computed tomography(CT)scans and has high variability in shape,location and size,deep neural networks in automatic pancreas segmentation task can be easily confused by the complex and variable background.To alleviate these issues,this paper proposes a novel pancreas segmentation optimization based on the coarse-to-fine structure,in which the coarse stage is responsible for increasing the proportion of the target region in the input image through the minimum bounding box,and the fine is for improving the accuracy of pancreas segmentation by enhancing the data diversity and by introducing a new segmentation model,and reducing the running time by adding a total weights constraint.This optimization is evaluated on the public pancreas segmentation dataset and achieves 87.87%average Dice-Sørensen coefficient(DSC)accuracy,which is 0.94%higher than 86.93%,result of the state-of-the-art pancreas segmentation methods.Moreover,this method has strong generalization that it can be easily applied to other coarse-to-fine or one step organ segmentation tasks.
