OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the roles of folic acid and beta-carotene in the chemoprevention of gastric and other gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. METHODS: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, a total of ...OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the roles of folic acid and beta-carotene in the chemoprevention of gastric and other gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. METHODS: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, a total of 216 patients with atrophic gastritis were randomly assigned to one of the four groups: (1) folate (FA, 20 mg per day plus vitamin B(12) 1 mg, intramuscularly, per month for one year, then 20 mg two times a week plus 1 mg per three months for the next year); (2) natural beta-carotene (N-betaC, 30 mg per day for first year, then 30 mg two times a week for the next); (3) synthetic beta-carotene (S-betaC, administered as in N-betaC); and (4) placebo. Follow-ups continued from 1994 to 2001. RESULTS: A total of 7 new cases of gastrointestinal cancers were diagnosed with 3 stomach, 1 colon and 1 esophageal cancers occurring in the placebo group; 1 stomach cancer in both of the N-betaC and S-betaC groups, and no cancer occurring in FA group. In terms of GI cancers, there was a significant reduction in the FA group, compared with the placebo group (P = 0.04). A similar trend was observed in both N-betaC and S-betaC groups (P = 0.07 - 0.08). Taken together, the three intervention groups displayed a highly significant decrease in occurrence (P = 0.004, vs placebo), and a lower risk for GI cancers (OR = 0.12; 95% confidence interval, 0.03 - 0.51). For development of gastric cancer, any one of the three active-treated groups did not reach statistically significant reduction. The FA group showed obvious improvement of the gastric mucosal lesions with more patients displaying lesions reversed or stable atrophy and inflammation (P = 0.04), reversed intestinal metaplasia (P = 0.06) at the end of follow-up, and reversed displasia (P = 0.017) at 12 months. Two cases of false jaundice were found in beta-carotene groups with no influence on administration, and no side-effects were reported in FA group. CONCLUSIONS: This trial revealed the interventional effect of folic acid on the development of GI cancers, a similar eff展开更多
目的观察电针辅助全身麻醉对老年患者术后认知功能的影响。方法选择美国麻醉医师学会(American Society of Anesthesiology,ASA)分级Ⅰ～Ⅲ级择期行非心脏手术的老年患者(年龄>65岁)120例,随机分为全身麻醉组(A组)和电针辅助全身麻醉...目的观察电针辅助全身麻醉对老年患者术后认知功能的影响。方法选择美国麻醉医师学会(American Society of Anesthesiology,ASA)分级Ⅰ～Ⅲ级择期行非心脏手术的老年患者(年龄>65岁)120例,随机分为全身麻醉组(A组)和电针辅助全身麻醉组(B组),每组60例。在麻醉诱导开始前30min选取百会、合谷、内关、足三里4个穴位对B组患者进行电刺激并维持至术毕。两组患者均在依托咪酯0.2～0.3mg/kg,芬太尼3～5μg/kg,顺式阿曲库铵0.15mg/kg诱导下行气管插管,七氟烷吸入及瑞芬太尼持续输入下维持麻醉。手术结束前30min给予曲马多50mg。记录两组患者麻醉前1天及术后第2、4、6天简易智力状态检查(mini-mental state examination,MMSE)评分和术后恶心、呕吐情况,比较术后2、4、6天术后认知功能障碍(postoperative cognitivedys function,POCD)发生率。结果 B组患者术后第2、4天POCD发生率均明显低于A组同期(分别为40.0%vs66.7%,13.3%vs43.3%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者麻醉前MMSE评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后2、4天B组MMSE评分高于A组(分别为21.3±3.9vs18.3±3.8,26.4±2.9vs22.9±3.9),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与本组麻醉前1天MMSE评分比较,A组患者术后第2、4天(18.3±3.8,22.9±3.9vs27.9±2.1)及B组术后第2天(21.3±3.9vs27.5±2.5)差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。B组患者术后恶心及呕吐的发生率为23.3%(14/60),低于A组(46.7%,28/60),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论电针辅助全身麻醉可减少老年患者POCD的发生率。展开更多
基金ThisresearchwaspartlysupportedbytheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina (No 39370 332 )
文摘OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the roles of folic acid and beta-carotene in the chemoprevention of gastric and other gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. METHODS: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, a total of 216 patients with atrophic gastritis were randomly assigned to one of the four groups: (1) folate (FA, 20 mg per day plus vitamin B(12) 1 mg, intramuscularly, per month for one year, then 20 mg two times a week plus 1 mg per three months for the next year); (2) natural beta-carotene (N-betaC, 30 mg per day for first year, then 30 mg two times a week for the next); (3) synthetic beta-carotene (S-betaC, administered as in N-betaC); and (4) placebo. Follow-ups continued from 1994 to 2001. RESULTS: A total of 7 new cases of gastrointestinal cancers were diagnosed with 3 stomach, 1 colon and 1 esophageal cancers occurring in the placebo group; 1 stomach cancer in both of the N-betaC and S-betaC groups, and no cancer occurring in FA group. In terms of GI cancers, there was a significant reduction in the FA group, compared with the placebo group (P = 0.04). A similar trend was observed in both N-betaC and S-betaC groups (P = 0.07 - 0.08). Taken together, the three intervention groups displayed a highly significant decrease in occurrence (P = 0.004, vs placebo), and a lower risk for GI cancers (OR = 0.12; 95% confidence interval, 0.03 - 0.51). For development of gastric cancer, any one of the three active-treated groups did not reach statistically significant reduction. The FA group showed obvious improvement of the gastric mucosal lesions with more patients displaying lesions reversed or stable atrophy and inflammation (P = 0.04), reversed intestinal metaplasia (P = 0.06) at the end of follow-up, and reversed displasia (P = 0.017) at 12 months. Two cases of false jaundice were found in beta-carotene groups with no influence on administration, and no side-effects were reported in FA group. CONCLUSIONS: This trial revealed the interventional effect of folic acid on the development of GI cancers, a similar eff
文摘目的观察电针辅助全身麻醉对老年患者术后认知功能的影响。方法选择美国麻醉医师学会(American Society of Anesthesiology,ASA)分级Ⅰ～Ⅲ级择期行非心脏手术的老年患者(年龄>65岁)120例,随机分为全身麻醉组(A组)和电针辅助全身麻醉组(B组),每组60例。在麻醉诱导开始前30min选取百会、合谷、内关、足三里4个穴位对B组患者进行电刺激并维持至术毕。两组患者均在依托咪酯0.2～0.3mg/kg,芬太尼3～5μg/kg,顺式阿曲库铵0.15mg/kg诱导下行气管插管,七氟烷吸入及瑞芬太尼持续输入下维持麻醉。手术结束前30min给予曲马多50mg。记录两组患者麻醉前1天及术后第2、4、6天简易智力状态检查(mini-mental state examination,MMSE)评分和术后恶心、呕吐情况,比较术后2、4、6天术后认知功能障碍(postoperative cognitivedys function,POCD)发生率。结果 B组患者术后第2、4天POCD发生率均明显低于A组同期(分别为40.0%vs66.7%,13.3%vs43.3%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者麻醉前MMSE评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后2、4天B组MMSE评分高于A组(分别为21.3±3.9vs18.3±3.8,26.4±2.9vs22.9±3.9),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与本组麻醉前1天MMSE评分比较,A组患者术后第2、4天(18.3±3.8,22.9±3.9vs27.9±2.1)及B组术后第2天(21.3±3.9vs27.5±2.5)差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。B组患者术后恶心及呕吐的发生率为23.3%(14/60),低于A组(46.7%,28/60),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论电针辅助全身麻醉可减少老年患者POCD的发生率。
