The current outbreak of Ebola virus in West Africa has become a devastating problem.with a mortality rate around 51%;over 3132 deaths have been confirmed and even more arc expected in this case.The virus causes a char...The current outbreak of Ebola virus in West Africa has become a devastating problem.with a mortality rate around 51%;over 3132 deaths have been confirmed and even more arc expected in this case.The virus causes a characteristic disease known as hemorrhagic fever.Its symptoms range from nonspecific signs such as fever,lo more specific problems such as serious bleeding.Transmission occurs easily when a person comes in contact with contaminated fluids.Treatment is supportive because there are still no specific drugs for use.The present review focuses on the main features related to the Ebola virus,its transmission,pathogenesis,treatment and control forms.There is little in-depth knowledge about this disease,but its severily requires attention and information lo prevent a worse scenario than the current.展开更多
Ebola virus is transmitted to people as a result of direct contact with body fluids containing virus of an infected patient. The incubation period usually lasts 5 to 7 d and approximately95% of the patients appear sig...Ebola virus is transmitted to people as a result of direct contact with body fluids containing virus of an infected patient. The incubation period usually lasts 5 to 7 d and approximately95% of the patients appear signs within 21 d after exposure. Typical features include fever,profound weakness, diarrhea, abdominal pain, cramping, nausea and vomiting for 3-5days and maybe persisting for up to a week. Laboratory complications including elevated aminotransferase levels, marked lymphocytopenia, and thrombocytopenia may have occurred.Hemorrhagic fever occurs in less than half of patients and it takes place most commonly in the gastrointestinal tract. The symptoms progress over the time and patients suffer from dehydration, stupor, confusion, hypotension, multi-organ failure, leading to fulminant shock and eventually death. The most general assays used for antibody detection are direct IgG and IgM ELISAs and IgM capture ELISA. An IgM or rising IgG titer(four-fold) contributes to strong presumptive diagnosis. Currently neither a licensed vaccine nor an approved treatment is available for human use. Passive transfer of serum collected from survivors of Junin virus or Lassa virus, equine IgG product from horses hypervaccinated with Ebola virus, a "cocktail"of humanized-mouse antibodies(ZMapp), recombinant inhibitor of factor VIIa/tissue factor,activated protein C, RNA-polymerase inhibitors and small interfering RNA nano particles are among the therapies in development. Preclinical evaluation is also underway for various vaccine candidates. One is a chimpanzee adenovirus vector vaccine; other vaccines involve replication-defective adenovirus serotype 5 and recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus.展开更多
文摘The current outbreak of Ebola virus in West Africa has become a devastating problem.with a mortality rate around 51%;over 3132 deaths have been confirmed and even more arc expected in this case.The virus causes a characteristic disease known as hemorrhagic fever.Its symptoms range from nonspecific signs such as fever,lo more specific problems such as serious bleeding.Transmission occurs easily when a person comes in contact with contaminated fluids.Treatment is supportive because there are still no specific drugs for use.The present review focuses on the main features related to the Ebola virus,its transmission,pathogenesis,treatment and control forms.There is little in-depth knowledge about this disease,but its severily requires attention and information lo prevent a worse scenario than the current.
基金Supported by Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS(IRCHA)affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences(Grant No.93-2-12)
文摘Ebola virus is transmitted to people as a result of direct contact with body fluids containing virus of an infected patient. The incubation period usually lasts 5 to 7 d and approximately95% of the patients appear signs within 21 d after exposure. Typical features include fever,profound weakness, diarrhea, abdominal pain, cramping, nausea and vomiting for 3-5days and maybe persisting for up to a week. Laboratory complications including elevated aminotransferase levels, marked lymphocytopenia, and thrombocytopenia may have occurred.Hemorrhagic fever occurs in less than half of patients and it takes place most commonly in the gastrointestinal tract. The symptoms progress over the time and patients suffer from dehydration, stupor, confusion, hypotension, multi-organ failure, leading to fulminant shock and eventually death. The most general assays used for antibody detection are direct IgG and IgM ELISAs and IgM capture ELISA. An IgM or rising IgG titer(four-fold) contributes to strong presumptive diagnosis. Currently neither a licensed vaccine nor an approved treatment is available for human use. Passive transfer of serum collected from survivors of Junin virus or Lassa virus, equine IgG product from horses hypervaccinated with Ebola virus, a "cocktail"of humanized-mouse antibodies(ZMapp), recombinant inhibitor of factor VIIa/tissue factor,activated protein C, RNA-polymerase inhibitors and small interfering RNA nano particles are among the therapies in development. Preclinical evaluation is also underway for various vaccine candidates. One is a chimpanzee adenovirus vector vaccine; other vaccines involve replication-defective adenovirus serotype 5 and recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus.
