We analyzed the major and rare earth element compositions of siliceous deposits from the Upper Devonian Liujiang Formation,Lower Carboniferous Luzhai Formation,Lower-Middle Permian Sidazhai Formation and Tapi Formatio...We analyzed the major and rare earth element compositions of siliceous deposits from the Upper Devonian Liujiang Formation,Lower Carboniferous Luzhai Formation,Lower-Middle Permian Sidazhai Formation and Tapi Formation,which are widely distributed as bedded cherts in the interplatform basinal successions of the Youjiang Basin.The Liujiang Formation and Luzhai Formation cherts generally have high Al/(Al+Fe+Mn) values(0.38-0.94) and are non-hydrothermal cherts.These cherts are generally characterized by moderately negative Ce anomalies and high Y/Ho values relatived to PAAS,indicating that the Youjiang Basin might have evolved into an open rift basin during the Late Devonian-Early Carboniferous.The Sidazhai Formation cherts from Ziyun generally have high Al/(Al+Fe+Mn) values(0.60-0.78),suggesting negligible contribution from a hydrothermal component.The Sidazhai Formation cherts from Hechi and the Tapi Formation cherts from Malipo generally have low Al/(Al+Fe+Mn) values(0.09-0.41),indicating an intense hydrothermal input.Relatived to the Sidazhai Formation cherts,the Tapi Formation cherts have higher Ce/Ce*values(0.68±0.19) and lower Y/Ho values(41.83±13.27),which may be affected by the terrigenous input from the Vietnam Block.The Sidazhai Formation cherts from Ziyun and Hechi exhibit negative Ce anomalies(0.43±0.12,0.33±0.17,respectively) with high Y/Ho values(57.44±16.20,46.02±4.27,respectively),resembling the geochemical characteristics of open-ocean basin cherts.These cherts were deposited on a passive continental margin adjacent to the Babu branch ocean,which may have contributed to upwelling.Detailed spatial studies on geochemical characteristics of the Late Paleozoic cherts can unravel the evolution of the Youjiang Basin.展开更多
Surat city, the commercial capital of Gujarat state, India is situated at latitude 21°06’ to 21°15’ N and longitude 72°45' to 72°54'E on the bank of river Tapi and is affected by flood on...Surat city, the commercial capital of Gujarat state, India is situated at latitude 21°06’ to 21°15’ N and longitude 72°45' to 72°54'E on the bank of river Tapi and is affected by flood once in every five years since last hundred years. Present study describes the application of HEC-RAS model with integration of GIS for delineation of flood plain. Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of Surat city is used as main input for flood inundation mapping. River section near Nehru Bridge is used as sample case to simulate flood flow. Discharges equal to food return period for 25 and 32 (worst flood year) have been used for investigation of flood scenario. Outcome of the research clearly indicates that most of the area of the Surat city is submerged for a depth of 2.5 to 4.0 m when the discharge released from Ukai dam equals to return period of 32 years (25768.09 Cumecs).展开更多
基于Internet的呼叫中心使呼叫中心不再局限于传统的PSTN,而是扩展到Internet的各种媒体.提出一个客户/服务器网络结构的Internet呼叫中心的模型,使得用户可以通过电话网或者Internet访问本呼叫中心.讨论了如何利用Microsoft Windows 20...基于Internet的呼叫中心使呼叫中心不再局限于传统的PSTN,而是扩展到Internet的各种媒体.提出一个客户/服务器网络结构的Internet呼叫中心的模型,使得用户可以通过电话网或者Internet访问本呼叫中心.讨论了如何利用Microsoft Windows 2000 Sever平台内置的可编程接口TAPI 3.0具体实现Internet呼叫中心的各种功能.展开更多
River Tapi is the prime water body for Surat city, Gujarat, India. On a long stretch of 22.39 km in Surat city (Kamrej to Causeway) of the Tapi river, there are many identified and non-identified discharge points avai...River Tapi is the prime water body for Surat city, Gujarat, India. On a long stretch of 22.39 km in Surat city (Kamrej to Causeway) of the Tapi river, there are many identified and non-identified discharge points available. Excessive discharge from these points restricts the efficiency of the self-purification process which ultimately degrades the river water quality. In this paper, an attempt has been made to estimate the pollutant load-carrying capacity at different segments of the river Tapi using the QUAL2Kw tool. The study has been undertaken with different scenarios: First, the QUAL2Kw model was trained with available river water quality and hydraulic data of the Tapi river in which the complete river segment was divided into 21 reaches. The model was calibrated and validated with the actual concentrations of the pollutants entering. In the second phase, all the point source, non-point source, and headwater characteristics were considered and the pollutant load-carrying capacity of the river in terms of BOD, ISS, and N-nitrate was found. In the third phase, all the sources of pollutants entering the river have been removed and only headwater characteristics were considered for the study. The results indicate that reach no. 21 (21.23ºN, 72.82ºE) has the maximum load-carrying capacity of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) up to 2057.7 kg/day, Inorganic Suspended Solids (ISS) up to 85633.8 kg/day, and Nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub>) up to 31688.8 kg/day. However, reach no. 4 has the minimum load carrying capacity of BOD up to 1088.1 kg/day, reach 8 carries a minimum of ISS 205341.6 kg/day and NO3 10215.57 kg/day.展开更多
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41272120 and No. 40972078)
文摘We analyzed the major and rare earth element compositions of siliceous deposits from the Upper Devonian Liujiang Formation,Lower Carboniferous Luzhai Formation,Lower-Middle Permian Sidazhai Formation and Tapi Formation,which are widely distributed as bedded cherts in the interplatform basinal successions of the Youjiang Basin.The Liujiang Formation and Luzhai Formation cherts generally have high Al/(Al+Fe+Mn) values(0.38-0.94) and are non-hydrothermal cherts.These cherts are generally characterized by moderately negative Ce anomalies and high Y/Ho values relatived to PAAS,indicating that the Youjiang Basin might have evolved into an open rift basin during the Late Devonian-Early Carboniferous.The Sidazhai Formation cherts from Ziyun generally have high Al/(Al+Fe+Mn) values(0.60-0.78),suggesting negligible contribution from a hydrothermal component.The Sidazhai Formation cherts from Hechi and the Tapi Formation cherts from Malipo generally have low Al/(Al+Fe+Mn) values(0.09-0.41),indicating an intense hydrothermal input.Relatived to the Sidazhai Formation cherts,the Tapi Formation cherts have higher Ce/Ce*values(0.68±0.19) and lower Y/Ho values(41.83±13.27),which may be affected by the terrigenous input from the Vietnam Block.The Sidazhai Formation cherts from Ziyun and Hechi exhibit negative Ce anomalies(0.43±0.12,0.33±0.17,respectively) with high Y/Ho values(57.44±16.20,46.02±4.27,respectively),resembling the geochemical characteristics of open-ocean basin cherts.These cherts were deposited on a passive continental margin adjacent to the Babu branch ocean,which may have contributed to upwelling.Detailed spatial studies on geochemical characteristics of the Late Paleozoic cherts can unravel the evolution of the Youjiang Basin.
文摘Surat city, the commercial capital of Gujarat state, India is situated at latitude 21°06’ to 21°15’ N and longitude 72°45' to 72°54'E on the bank of river Tapi and is affected by flood once in every five years since last hundred years. Present study describes the application of HEC-RAS model with integration of GIS for delineation of flood plain. Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of Surat city is used as main input for flood inundation mapping. River section near Nehru Bridge is used as sample case to simulate flood flow. Discharges equal to food return period for 25 and 32 (worst flood year) have been used for investigation of flood scenario. Outcome of the research clearly indicates that most of the area of the Surat city is submerged for a depth of 2.5 to 4.0 m when the discharge released from Ukai dam equals to return period of 32 years (25768.09 Cumecs).
文摘基于Internet的呼叫中心使呼叫中心不再局限于传统的PSTN,而是扩展到Internet的各种媒体.提出一个客户/服务器网络结构的Internet呼叫中心的模型,使得用户可以通过电话网或者Internet访问本呼叫中心.讨论了如何利用Microsoft Windows 2000 Sever平台内置的可编程接口TAPI 3.0具体实现Internet呼叫中心的各种功能.
文摘River Tapi is the prime water body for Surat city, Gujarat, India. On a long stretch of 22.39 km in Surat city (Kamrej to Causeway) of the Tapi river, there are many identified and non-identified discharge points available. Excessive discharge from these points restricts the efficiency of the self-purification process which ultimately degrades the river water quality. In this paper, an attempt has been made to estimate the pollutant load-carrying capacity at different segments of the river Tapi using the QUAL2Kw tool. The study has been undertaken with different scenarios: First, the QUAL2Kw model was trained with available river water quality and hydraulic data of the Tapi river in which the complete river segment was divided into 21 reaches. The model was calibrated and validated with the actual concentrations of the pollutants entering. In the second phase, all the point source, non-point source, and headwater characteristics were considered and the pollutant load-carrying capacity of the river in terms of BOD, ISS, and N-nitrate was found. In the third phase, all the sources of pollutants entering the river have been removed and only headwater characteristics were considered for the study. The results indicate that reach no. 21 (21.23ºN, 72.82ºE) has the maximum load-carrying capacity of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) up to 2057.7 kg/day, Inorganic Suspended Solids (ISS) up to 85633.8 kg/day, and Nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub>) up to 31688.8 kg/day. However, reach no. 4 has the minimum load carrying capacity of BOD up to 1088.1 kg/day, reach 8 carries a minimum of ISS 205341.6 kg/day and NO3 10215.57 kg/day.
