Single-crystal superalloys are typical advanced materials used for manufacturing aero- engine turbine blades. Their unique characteristics of high hardness and strength make them exceedingly difficult to machine. Howe...Single-crystal superalloys are typical advanced materials used for manufacturing aero- engine turbine blades. Their unique characteristics of high hardness and strength make them exceedingly difficult to machine. However, a key structure of a turbine blade, the film-cooling hole, needs to be machined in a single-crystal superalloy; such machining is challenging, especially considering the increasing levels of machining efficiency and quality demanded by the aeroengine industry. Tube electrode high-speed electrochemical discharge drilling （TSECDD）, a hybrid technique of high-speed electrical discharge drilling and electrochemical machining, provides high machining efficiency and accuracy, as well as eliminating the recast layer. In this study, TSECDD is used to machine a film-cooling hole in a nickel-based single-crystal superalloy （DD6）. The Tagu- chi methods of experiment are used to optimise the machining parameters. Experimental results show that TSECDD can effectively drill the film-cooling hole; the optimum parameters that give the best performance are as follows： pulse duration： 12μs, pulse interval： 30 gs, peak current： 6 A, and salt solution conductivity： 3 mS/cm. Finally, a hole is machined by TSECDD, and the results are compared with those obtained by electrical discharge machining. TSECDD is found to be promising for improving the surface quality and eliminating the recast layer.展开更多
Dielectric elastomer actuator （DEA） show promise for mechatronic applications due to the advantages of dielectric elastomer, such as lightweight, flexible, low cost, high strain, etc, and many configurations of DEAs...Dielectric elastomer actuator （DEA） show promise for mechatronic applications due to the advantages of dielectric elastomer, such as lightweight, flexible, low cost, high strain, etc, and many configurations of DEAs have been demonstrated. As a kind of linear actuator, cone DEAs are studied in some laboratory prototypes due to easy manufacturing, however, their performance have not been exploited fully. Based on the working principle of DEA, a four-bar linkage mechanism is designed to provide negative stiffness preload, which can increase displacement output of actuator （outer diameter 100 mm） to 17 mm. Three cone actuating units are assembled in parallel to enhance the maximum force output to 5.07 N. Loading experiments of actuator in forward and backward strokes are performed, the experimental results show that backward stroke has stronger actuating capability than forward stroke, accordingly application of actuator is recommended. Four factors rather than applied voltage, i.e., number of actuating units, pre-stretch ratio, inner diameter, and outer diameter, are determined as influencing factors for Taguchi method. Then the performance objectives of actuator, i.e., displacement output, maximum force output, and maximum work in backward stroke, are investigated based on L9（34） Taguchi orthogonal design. The mean signal-to-noise （S/N） ratio based on the larger-the-better criterion is calculated according to the acquired displacement and force output. Analytical results show that outer diameter has the most significant influence on displacement output, and maximum force out and work output are influenced most by number of actuating units. Inner diameter also has an important effect on the performance objectives of actuator, while pre-stretch ratio has the least influence. The proposed performance investigation is helpful for the design and application of cone actuator in mechatronic system.展开更多
For processing parts made from medium carbon steel, toughness and flexibility are of importance. There- fore, to achieve these properties, the cementite in the steels is spheroidized through heat treatment. Different ...For processing parts made from medium carbon steel, toughness and flexibility are of importance. There- fore, to achieve these properties, the cementite in the steels is spheroidized through heat treatment. Different parameters such as the time and temperature of spheroidizing and the initial microstructure of the steel affect the amount of spheroidized cementite. In the present work, the percent of contribution of two parameters, i.e. initial microstructure and spheroidizing time, to the percent of spheroidization in CK60 steel was investigated using Taguchi robust design. The initial microstructures consisted of martensite, coarse pearlite, fine pearlite and bainite and the chosen spheroidization times were 4, 8, 12, and 16h. Spheroidizing was done at the constant temperature 700℃. After spheroidizing was completed, the samples were prepared in order to observe their microstructure under an optical microscope and to determine the spheroidized percent using MIPTM （metallographic image processing） software. It was found that the spheroidizing time had the most influence （58.5 ~//0） on spheroidized percent and the initial microstructure only had a 31.1% contribution. Finally, the instantaneous growth rate of the carbide was also deduced.展开更多
Nano silica due to its spherical shape, tiny size and higher density compared to bitumen, may have an inherent potential to improve hot mix asphalt(HMA) self-healing. In this research scanning electron microscopy(SEM)...Nano silica due to its spherical shape, tiny size and higher density compared to bitumen, may have an inherent potential to improve hot mix asphalt(HMA) self-healing. In this research scanning electron microscopy(SEM) images were used to investigate size, morphology and dispersion of nano silica particles. Additionally, HMA self-healing mechanism was also examined by SEM. Furthermore, dynamic indirect tensile test(IDT) was used to evaluate HMA self-healing index. The SEM results indicated that bitumen mortar flowing into micro cracks may be one of the most important mechanisms of HMA self-healing. The experiment results also showed that modification of bitumen by nano silica promotes the ability of the HMA self-healing.展开更多
采用最大沉降斑指数表征注塑制品的沉降斑,结合CAE和Taguch i DOE技术研究了工艺参数对(丙烯腈/丁二烯/苯乙烯)共聚物、高密度聚乙烯、聚丙烯注塑制品沉降斑的影响。对实验结果进行方差分析,估计选用3种不同形态的材料时各个工艺参数对...采用最大沉降斑指数表征注塑制品的沉降斑,结合CAE和Taguch i DOE技术研究了工艺参数对(丙烯腈/丁二烯/苯乙烯)共聚物、高密度聚乙烯、聚丙烯注塑制品沉降斑的影响。对实验结果进行方差分析,估计选用3种不同形态的材料时各个工艺参数对制品最大沉降斑指数的影响度,同时对工艺参数进行优化并通过实验验证使制品的最大沉降斑指数降低。展开更多
The surface-mounted and interior permanent magnet synchronous motor(SIPMSM)has the characteristics of multiple variables,strong coupling and nonlinearity.In order to improve the performance of SIPMSM,this paper presen...The surface-mounted and interior permanent magnet synchronous motor(SIPMSM)has the characteristics of multiple variables,strong coupling and nonlinearity.In order to improve the performance of SIPMSM,this paper presents a multi-objective optimal design process using Taguchi and response surface methodology(RSM).The peak value of cogging torque(PVCT),ratio value of average torque and permanent magnet weight(RTW),torque ripple and back-EMF total harmonics distortion(ETHD)are selected as optimization goals.The experiment matrix is established by Taguchi method,and analyzed the tendency and proportion of the effect of the optimization parameters on SIPMSM performance.The rules of choosing multi-objective optimization parameters are obtained.The least-squares method is used to establish the optimal objective function,and RSM is used to obtain the resolutions of the optimization objective function.Comparing the initial performance with optimized performance verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
An attempt has been made to study the influence of wear parameters like applied load, sliding speed, sliding distance and percentage of reinforcement on the dry sliding wear of the metal matrix composites. A plan of e...An attempt has been made to study the influence of wear parameters like applied load, sliding speed, sliding distance and percentage of reinforcement on the dry sliding wear of the metal matrix composites. A plan of experiments, based on techniques of Taguchi, was performed to acquire data in controlled way. An orthogonal array and the analysis of variance were employed to investigate the influence of process parameters on the wear of composites. The objective is to establish a correlation between dry sliding wear of composites and wear parameters. These correlations were obtained by multiple regressions. Finally, confirmation tests were conducted to verify the experimental results foreseen from the mentioned correlations.展开更多
基金financial support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51475237)the National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China(2013AA040101)+1 种基金the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University of China(No.NCET-12-0627)the Funding of Jiangsu Innovation Program for Graduate Education of China(No.KYLX_0232)
文摘Single-crystal superalloys are typical advanced materials used for manufacturing aero- engine turbine blades. Their unique characteristics of high hardness and strength make them exceedingly difficult to machine. However, a key structure of a turbine blade, the film-cooling hole, needs to be machined in a single-crystal superalloy; such machining is challenging, especially considering the increasing levels of machining efficiency and quality demanded by the aeroengine industry. Tube electrode high-speed electrochemical discharge drilling （TSECDD）, a hybrid technique of high-speed electrical discharge drilling and electrochemical machining, provides high machining efficiency and accuracy, as well as eliminating the recast layer. In this study, TSECDD is used to machine a film-cooling hole in a nickel-based single-crystal superalloy （DD6）. The Tagu- chi methods of experiment are used to optimise the machining parameters. Experimental results show that TSECDD can effectively drill the film-cooling hole; the optimum parameters that give the best performance are as follows： pulse duration： 12μs, pulse interval： 30 gs, peak current： 6 A, and salt solution conductivity： 3 mS/cm. Finally, a hole is machined by TSECDD, and the results are compared with those obtained by electrical discharge machining. TSECDD is found to be promising for improving the surface quality and eliminating the recast layer.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50975139, Grant No. 50605031)Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu, China (Grant No. 2008395)+1 种基金Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Robotics, China (Grant No. RLO200912)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 20080441319, Grant No. 200902684)
文摘Dielectric elastomer actuator （DEA） show promise for mechatronic applications due to the advantages of dielectric elastomer, such as lightweight, flexible, low cost, high strain, etc, and many configurations of DEAs have been demonstrated. As a kind of linear actuator, cone DEAs are studied in some laboratory prototypes due to easy manufacturing, however, their performance have not been exploited fully. Based on the working principle of DEA, a four-bar linkage mechanism is designed to provide negative stiffness preload, which can increase displacement output of actuator （outer diameter 100 mm） to 17 mm. Three cone actuating units are assembled in parallel to enhance the maximum force output to 5.07 N. Loading experiments of actuator in forward and backward strokes are performed, the experimental results show that backward stroke has stronger actuating capability than forward stroke, accordingly application of actuator is recommended. Four factors rather than applied voltage, i.e., number of actuating units, pre-stretch ratio, inner diameter, and outer diameter, are determined as influencing factors for Taguchi method. Then the performance objectives of actuator, i.e., displacement output, maximum force output, and maximum work in backward stroke, are investigated based on L9（34） Taguchi orthogonal design. The mean signal-to-noise （S/N） ratio based on the larger-the-better criterion is calculated according to the acquired displacement and force output. Analytical results show that outer diameter has the most significant influence on displacement output, and maximum force out and work output are influenced most by number of actuating units. Inner diameter also has an important effect on the performance objectives of actuator, while pre-stretch ratio has the least influence. The proposed performance investigation is helpful for the design and application of cone actuator in mechatronic system.
文摘For processing parts made from medium carbon steel, toughness and flexibility are of importance. There- fore, to achieve these properties, the cementite in the steels is spheroidized through heat treatment. Different parameters such as the time and temperature of spheroidizing and the initial microstructure of the steel affect the amount of spheroidized cementite. In the present work, the percent of contribution of two parameters, i.e. initial microstructure and spheroidizing time, to the percent of spheroidization in CK60 steel was investigated using Taguchi robust design. The initial microstructures consisted of martensite, coarse pearlite, fine pearlite and bainite and the chosen spheroidization times were 4, 8, 12, and 16h. Spheroidizing was done at the constant temperature 700℃. After spheroidizing was completed, the samples were prepared in order to observe their microstructure under an optical microscope and to determine the spheroidized percent using MIPTM （metallographic image processing） software. It was found that the spheroidizing time had the most influence （58.5 ~//0） on spheroidized percent and the initial microstructure only had a 31.1% contribution. Finally, the instantaneous growth rate of the carbide was also deduced.
文摘Nano silica due to its spherical shape, tiny size and higher density compared to bitumen, may have an inherent potential to improve hot mix asphalt(HMA) self-healing. In this research scanning electron microscopy(SEM) images were used to investigate size, morphology and dispersion of nano silica particles. Additionally, HMA self-healing mechanism was also examined by SEM. Furthermore, dynamic indirect tensile test(IDT) was used to evaluate HMA self-healing index. The SEM results indicated that bitumen mortar flowing into micro cracks may be one of the most important mechanisms of HMA self-healing. The experiment results also showed that modification of bitumen by nano silica promotes the ability of the HMA self-healing.
文摘采用最大沉降斑指数表征注塑制品的沉降斑,结合CAE和Taguch i DOE技术研究了工艺参数对(丙烯腈/丁二烯/苯乙烯)共聚物、高密度聚乙烯、聚丙烯注塑制品沉降斑的影响。对实验结果进行方差分析,估计选用3种不同形态的材料时各个工艺参数对制品最大沉降斑指数的影响度,同时对工艺参数进行优化并通过实验验证使制品的最大沉降斑指数降低。
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1361109,51777060)Natural Science Foundation of Henan province(162300410117).
文摘The surface-mounted and interior permanent magnet synchronous motor(SIPMSM)has the characteristics of multiple variables,strong coupling and nonlinearity.In order to improve the performance of SIPMSM,this paper presents a multi-objective optimal design process using Taguchi and response surface methodology(RSM).The peak value of cogging torque(PVCT),ratio value of average torque and permanent magnet weight(RTW),torque ripple and back-EMF total harmonics distortion(ETHD)are selected as optimization goals.The experiment matrix is established by Taguchi method,and analyzed the tendency and proportion of the effect of the optimization parameters on SIPMSM performance.The rules of choosing multi-objective optimization parameters are obtained.The least-squares method is used to establish the optimal objective function,and RSM is used to obtain the resolutions of the optimization objective function.Comparing the initial performance with optimized performance verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method.
文摘An attempt has been made to study the influence of wear parameters like applied load, sliding speed, sliding distance and percentage of reinforcement on the dry sliding wear of the metal matrix composites. A plan of experiments, based on techniques of Taguchi, was performed to acquire data in controlled way. An orthogonal array and the analysis of variance were employed to investigate the influence of process parameters on the wear of composites. The objective is to establish a correlation between dry sliding wear of composites and wear parameters. These correlations were obtained by multiple regressions. Finally, confirmation tests were conducted to verify the experimental results foreseen from the mentioned correlations.
