With the marine ship observation data set obtained by three cruise-phases of Chinese Xi- angyanghong 5 from November 5,1992 to February 19,1993 in the TOGA-COARE IOP at 2°S, 156°E.the sea surface fluxes at t...With the marine ship observation data set obtained by three cruise-phases of Chinese Xi- angyanghong 5 from November 5,1992 to February 19,1993 in the TOGA-COARE IOP at 2°S, 156°E.the sea surface fluxes at this point are estimated by three different bulk schemes.Firstly.a quasi-linear relation is found between the neutral drag coefficients and wind speed.Then,the sta- bility-dependent drag and heat transfer coefficients are solved in the iterative method.Based on thus-derived transfer coefficients,the momentum,sensible and latent heat fluxes are calculated. In the warm pool region,the fluxes corresponding to the westeily winds are much greater than those of the easterly trade winds.The magnitude of sea surface fluxes depends upon the atmo- spheric stability as well,in particular in the case of weak wind condition.The estimated sea sur- face net heat budget shows that considerable amount of heat transport from ocean to atmosphere is mainly produced by the effective longwave radiation,latent and sensible heat fluxes.Among them the value of latent heat flux is the largest and the sensible heat flux is the smallest.Finally,an ac- curacy analysis is made by direct measurements with the eddy-correlation method on the Japanese R/V Hakuho board at the same time.It is shown that the bulk-derived fluxes are acceptable with much confidence.The estimated effective longwave radiation is used to compare with those by di- rect observations on Xiangyanghong 5.This research is compared with TOGA investigation in the tropical western Pacific.展开更多
In this paper, the hydrographical and meteorological data observed by the R/Vs 'Xiang Yang Hong No. 5', 'Experiment No. 3'and 'Ke Xue No. 1 'during TOGA-COARE IOP are used to analyze the variab...In this paper, the hydrographical and meteorological data observed by the R/Vs 'Xiang Yang Hong No. 5', 'Experiment No. 3'and 'Ke Xue No. 1 'during TOGA-COARE IOP are used to analyze the variability of surface wind and upper layer thermal structure, and to reveal the periods of intraseasonal oscillation of surface wind components and certain layers of sea temperature from November 6, 1992 to February 18, 1993 in the western tropical Pacific warm pool region. It is shown that the variation of the sea surface temperature (SST) was inversely correlated to that of surface wind components. It is also indicated from spectral analysis that the significant periods of intraseasonal oscillation of daily mean zonal wind (MZW) were 30- to 60- day and 8- to 9- day long, and that of mean meridional wind (MMW)was 6- to 7- day long. The fluctuation of daily mean sea temperature (MST) in certain layers from surface to the 250 m layer also had the 30- to 60- day low frequency oscillation except for the 150 m layer,and the fluctuations of the daily MST in 100, 150, 200 and 250 m layers had the same 3-day period,their coherence and phase differences were over 0. 90 and between 319° and 353° respectively, which implies the fluctuations of daily MST from 100 to 250 m layers were in phase with each other in the same 3-day period. The analysis of in situ observations revealed a physical evidence of the westerly wind bursts (WWBs) which trigger off the eastward movement of warm water through intraseasonal oscillation and induce the onset of E1 Nino event.展开更多
In November 1992 to February 1993 (IOP TOGA -COARE), many aerosol samples, rainwater samples and dry depesition samples were collected on the vessel Xiangyanghong No. 5 in the ocean area of IOP (2°S, 155°E)....In November 1992 to February 1993 (IOP TOGA -COARE), many aerosol samples, rainwater samples and dry depesition samples were collected on the vessel Xiangyanghong No. 5 in the ocean area of IOP (2°S, 155°E). The time variations of concentration of crustal elements, sea salt elements are not very large. The dry deposition fluxes of crustal elements are related to the sources of air flows. According to the aerosol samples collected in the western Pacific Oceanduring eight cruises under the China-U. S. joint TOGA project from December 1985 to July 1990 and the aerosol data collected in the Kuroshio ocean area from 1987 to 1991 (China-Japan Kuroshio joint-investigation), seasonal average dry deposition fluxes of crustal elements, pollutant elements and sea-salt elements are calculated. It is found that the dry deposition fluxes of elements Fe, Co, Zn and Sb have their highest values in spring in the Kuroshio ocean area because of the influencing of Asian dust-storm. But in the western Pacific ocean they reach the highest values in autumn. In the展开更多
文摘With the marine ship observation data set obtained by three cruise-phases of Chinese Xi- angyanghong 5 from November 5,1992 to February 19,1993 in the TOGA-COARE IOP at 2°S, 156°E.the sea surface fluxes at this point are estimated by three different bulk schemes.Firstly.a quasi-linear relation is found between the neutral drag coefficients and wind speed.Then,the sta- bility-dependent drag and heat transfer coefficients are solved in the iterative method.Based on thus-derived transfer coefficients,the momentum,sensible and latent heat fluxes are calculated. In the warm pool region,the fluxes corresponding to the westeily winds are much greater than those of the easterly trade winds.The magnitude of sea surface fluxes depends upon the atmo- spheric stability as well,in particular in the case of weak wind condition.The estimated sea sur- face net heat budget shows that considerable amount of heat transport from ocean to atmosphere is mainly produced by the effective longwave radiation,latent and sensible heat fluxes.Among them the value of latent heat flux is the largest and the sensible heat flux is the smallest.Finally,an ac- curacy analysis is made by direct measurements with the eddy-correlation method on the Japanese R/V Hakuho board at the same time.It is shown that the bulk-derived fluxes are acceptable with much confidence.The estimated effective longwave radiation is used to compare with those by di- rect observations on Xiangyanghong 5.This research is compared with TOGA investigation in the tropical western Pacific.
文摘In this paper, the hydrographical and meteorological data observed by the R/Vs 'Xiang Yang Hong No. 5', 'Experiment No. 3'and 'Ke Xue No. 1 'during TOGA-COARE IOP are used to analyze the variability of surface wind and upper layer thermal structure, and to reveal the periods of intraseasonal oscillation of surface wind components and certain layers of sea temperature from November 6, 1992 to February 18, 1993 in the western tropical Pacific warm pool region. It is shown that the variation of the sea surface temperature (SST) was inversely correlated to that of surface wind components. It is also indicated from spectral analysis that the significant periods of intraseasonal oscillation of daily mean zonal wind (MZW) were 30- to 60- day and 8- to 9- day long, and that of mean meridional wind (MMW)was 6- to 7- day long. The fluctuation of daily mean sea temperature (MST) in certain layers from surface to the 250 m layer also had the 30- to 60- day low frequency oscillation except for the 150 m layer,and the fluctuations of the daily MST in 100, 150, 200 and 250 m layers had the same 3-day period,their coherence and phase differences were over 0. 90 and between 319° and 353° respectively, which implies the fluctuations of daily MST from 100 to 250 m layers were in phase with each other in the same 3-day period. The analysis of in situ observations revealed a physical evidence of the westerly wind bursts (WWBs) which trigger off the eastward movement of warm water through intraseasonal oscillation and induce the onset of E1 Nino event.
文摘In November 1992 to February 1993 (IOP TOGA -COARE), many aerosol samples, rainwater samples and dry depesition samples were collected on the vessel Xiangyanghong No. 5 in the ocean area of IOP (2°S, 155°E). The time variations of concentration of crustal elements, sea salt elements are not very large. The dry deposition fluxes of crustal elements are related to the sources of air flows. According to the aerosol samples collected in the western Pacific Oceanduring eight cruises under the China-U. S. joint TOGA project from December 1985 to July 1990 and the aerosol data collected in the Kuroshio ocean area from 1987 to 1991 (China-Japan Kuroshio joint-investigation), seasonal average dry deposition fluxes of crustal elements, pollutant elements and sea-salt elements are calculated. It is found that the dry deposition fluxes of elements Fe, Co, Zn and Sb have their highest values in spring in the Kuroshio ocean area because of the influencing of Asian dust-storm. But in the western Pacific ocean they reach the highest values in autumn. In the
