【目的】棉花脱叶催熟是实现机械采收的前提。噻苯隆和乙烯利混用是我国目前主要的脱叶催熟方式。鉴于不同棉区的环境条件和种植模式差异较大,研究了不同棉区噻苯隆和乙烯利的适宜用量及配比。【方法】于2018年在黄河流域棉区的河北河...【目的】棉花脱叶催熟是实现机械采收的前提。噻苯隆和乙烯利混用是我国目前主要的脱叶催熟方式。鉴于不同棉区的环境条件和种植模式差异较大,研究了不同棉区噻苯隆和乙烯利的适宜用量及配比。【方法】于2018年在黄河流域棉区的河北河间、河北邯郸、山东德州和山东无棣、长江流域棉区的江苏大丰、北疆棉区的石河子Ⅰ和Ⅱ、南疆棉区的轮台和沙雅共9个地点开展田间试验,设50%(质量分数,下同)噻苯隆可湿性粉剂和40%乙烯利水剂3个混用处理,每公顷用量分别为450 g+1725 m L(T1)、600 g+3000 m L(T2)、600 g+4500 m L(T3),噻苯隆和乙烯利有效成分配比分别为1∶3、1∶4和1∶6,以喷施清水为对照。【结果】在江苏大丰,药后16 d各处理脱叶率与对照无显著差异。在其他8个试验点,大多数处理药后14 d的脱叶率显著高于对照,且自然脱叶率越低提高幅度越大;但噻苯隆和乙烯利不同用量及配比之间的脱叶率差异不一致,且大部分情况下差异不大。部分地点某些处理药后14~16 d的脱叶率可达到90%。不论药前吐絮率低或高,药剂处理14~16 d后,与清水对照相比吐絮率未表现出明显的增加;然而,药前吐絮率较低的试验点药后吐絮率增幅大,反之,吐絮率增幅小。噻苯隆和乙烯利混用对大部分试验点的产量和纤维品质无显著影响。【结论】药后14 d左右,噻苯隆和乙烯利混用的脱叶效果比较明显,不同剂量和配比之间无一致性和大的差异;催熟效果相对较差,对棉花产量和纤维品质影响不大。综合考虑脱叶催熟效果的稳定性和药剂成本,初步建议各棉区每公顷应用600 g的50%噻苯隆可湿性粉剂和3000 m L的40%乙烯利水剂进行脱叶催熟。展开更多
A protocol for micropropagation using nodal explants from mature Pinus massoniana trees has been developed. Time of explant collection is crucial for the initial success of aseptic culture. Explants collected in early...A protocol for micropropagation using nodal explants from mature Pinus massoniana trees has been developed. Time of explant collection is crucial for the initial success of aseptic culture. Explants collected in early March gave the highest percentage of explant survival (64.5%) and shoot-forming percentage (52.3%). Thidiazuron (TDZ) concentration significantly influenced shoot formation; 4 mu M TDZ was optimum, with 4.8 shoots produced per explant with a mean length of 7.1 cm after 120 days of culture. Regenerated shoots rooted for 60 days in basic medium with 1 mu M NAA were ready for growth in pots. This is the first report on plantlet regeneration in vitro from mature trees of P. massoniana that provides a reliable method for propagating selected elites.展开更多
文摘【目的】棉花脱叶催熟是实现机械采收的前提。噻苯隆和乙烯利混用是我国目前主要的脱叶催熟方式。鉴于不同棉区的环境条件和种植模式差异较大,研究了不同棉区噻苯隆和乙烯利的适宜用量及配比。【方法】于2018年在黄河流域棉区的河北河间、河北邯郸、山东德州和山东无棣、长江流域棉区的江苏大丰、北疆棉区的石河子Ⅰ和Ⅱ、南疆棉区的轮台和沙雅共9个地点开展田间试验,设50%(质量分数,下同)噻苯隆可湿性粉剂和40%乙烯利水剂3个混用处理,每公顷用量分别为450 g+1725 m L(T1)、600 g+3000 m L(T2)、600 g+4500 m L(T3),噻苯隆和乙烯利有效成分配比分别为1∶3、1∶4和1∶6,以喷施清水为对照。【结果】在江苏大丰,药后16 d各处理脱叶率与对照无显著差异。在其他8个试验点,大多数处理药后14 d的脱叶率显著高于对照,且自然脱叶率越低提高幅度越大;但噻苯隆和乙烯利不同用量及配比之间的脱叶率差异不一致,且大部分情况下差异不大。部分地点某些处理药后14~16 d的脱叶率可达到90%。不论药前吐絮率低或高,药剂处理14~16 d后,与清水对照相比吐絮率未表现出明显的增加;然而,药前吐絮率较低的试验点药后吐絮率增幅大,反之,吐絮率增幅小。噻苯隆和乙烯利混用对大部分试验点的产量和纤维品质无显著影响。【结论】药后14 d左右,噻苯隆和乙烯利混用的脱叶效果比较明显,不同剂量和配比之间无一致性和大的差异;催熟效果相对较差,对棉花产量和纤维品质影响不大。综合考虑脱叶催熟效果的稳定性和药剂成本,初步建议各棉区每公顷应用600 g的50%噻苯隆可湿性粉剂和3000 m L的40%乙烯利水剂进行脱叶催熟。
基金funded by the Science Research and Technology Development from the Department of Science and Technology of Guangxi(14125008-2-17,1598006-5-7)the Natural Science Foundation of China(31360178)+1 种基金the Key Program of Guangxi Forestry Bureau([2015]7)as an independent project by the Key Laboratory of Gaungxi Fine Timber Forest Resources Cultivation(13A-01-01)
文摘A protocol for micropropagation using nodal explants from mature Pinus massoniana trees has been developed. Time of explant collection is crucial for the initial success of aseptic culture. Explants collected in early March gave the highest percentage of explant survival (64.5%) and shoot-forming percentage (52.3%). Thidiazuron (TDZ) concentration significantly influenced shoot formation; 4 mu M TDZ was optimum, with 4.8 shoots produced per explant with a mean length of 7.1 cm after 120 days of culture. Regenerated shoots rooted for 60 days in basic medium with 1 mu M NAA were ready for growth in pots. This is the first report on plantlet regeneration in vitro from mature trees of P. massoniana that provides a reliable method for propagating selected elites.
