Synthetic hexaploid wheat （SHW） represents a valuable source of new resistances to a range of biotic and abiotic stresses. A recombinant inbred line （RIL） population with 127 recombinant inbred lines derived from ...Synthetic hexaploid wheat （SHW） represents a valuable source of new resistances to a range of biotic and abiotic stresses. A recombinant inbred line （RIL） population with 127 recombinant inbred lines derived from a SHW-derived variety Chuanmai 42 crossing with a Chinese spring wheat variety Chuannong 16 was used to map QTLs for agronomic traits including grain yield, grains per square meter, thousand-kernel weight, spikes per square meter, grain number per spike, grains weight per spike, and biomass yield. The population was genotyped using 184 simple-sequence repeat （SSR） markers and 34 sequence-related amplified polymorphism （SRAP） markers. Of 76 QTLs （LOD〉2.5） identified, 42 were found to have a positive effect from Chuanmai 42. The QTL QGy.saas-4D.2 associated with grain yield on chromosome 4D was detected in four of the six environments and the combined analysis, and the mean yield, across six environments, of individuals carrying the Chuanmai 42 allele at this locus was 8.9% higher than that of those lines carrying the Chuannong 16 allele. Seven clusters of the yield-coincident QTLs were detected on 1A, 4A, 3B, 5B, 4D, and 7D.展开更多
Alzheimer’s disease(hereafter AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects the central nervous system. There are multiple factors that cause AD, viz., accumulation of extracellular Amyloid-beta 42 pla...Alzheimer’s disease(hereafter AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects the central nervous system. There are multiple factors that cause AD, viz., accumulation of extracellular Amyloid-beta 42 plaques, intracellular hyper-phosphorylated Tau tangles, generation of reactive oxygen species due to mitochondrial dysfunction and genetic mutations. The plaques and tau tangles trigger aberrant signaling, which eventually cause cell death of the neurons. As a result, there is shrinkage of brain, cognitive defects, behavioral and psychological problems. To date, there is no direct cure for AD. Thus, scientists have been testing various strategies like screening for the small inhibitor molecule library or natural products that may block or prevent onset of AD. Historically, natural products have been used in many cultures for the treatment of various diseases. The research on natural products have gained importance as the active compounds extracted from them have medicinal values with reduced side effects, and they are bioavailable. The natural products may target the proteins or members of signaling pathways that get altered in specific diseases. Many natural products are being tested in various animal model systems for their role as a potential therapeutic target for AD, and to address questions about how these natural products can rescue AD or other neurodegenerative disorders. Some of these products are in clinical trials and results are promising because of their neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-amyloidogenic, anticholinesterase activities and easy availability. This review summarizes the use of animal model systems to identify natural products, which may serve as potential therapeutic targets for AD.展开更多
Breast phyllodes tumor(PT)is a rare fibroepithelial neoplasm with potential malignant behavior.Long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)play multifaceted roles in various cancers,but their involvement in breast PT remains largely...Breast phyllodes tumor(PT)is a rare fibroepithelial neoplasm with potential malignant behavior.Long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)play multifaceted roles in various cancers,but their involvement in breast PT remains largely unexplored.In this study,microarray was leveraged for the first time to investigate the role of lncRNA in PT.We identified lncRNA ZFPM2-AS1 was significantly upregulated in malignant PT,and its overexpression endowed PT with high tumor grade and adverse prognosis.Furthermore,we elucidated that ZFPM2-AS1 promotes the proliferation,migration,and invasion of malignant PT in vitro.Targeting ZFPM2-AS1 through nanomaterial-mediated siRNA delivery in patient-derived xenograft(PDX)model could effectively inhibit tumor progression in vivo.Mechanistically,our findings showed that ZFPM2-AS1 is competitively bound to CDC42,inhibiting ACK1 and STAT1 activation,thereby launching the transcription of TNFRSF19.In conclusion,our study provides evidence that ZFPM2-AS1 plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of breast PT,and suggests that ZFPM2-AS1 could serve as a prognostic indicator for patients with PT as well as a promising novel therapeutic target.展开更多
Objective： The high expression of cell division cycle 42 protein （CDC42） may be involved in the occurrence and progression of several tumors. However, the expression and function of CDC42 in cervical squamous cell ...Objective： The high expression of cell division cycle 42 protein （CDC42） may be involved in the occurrence and progression of several tumors. However, the expression and function of CDC42 in cervical squamous cell carcinoma remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the expression of CDC42 in cervical squamous cell carcinoma and its correlation with clinicopathologic characteristics. Methods： The expression of CDC42 in 162 cervical squamous cell carcinoma tissue samples and 33 normal cervical tissue samples was investigated by immunohistochemistry. The CDC42 mRNA expression was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）. Results： The cervical squamous cell carcinoma group showed a significantly higher CDC42 positive rate, compared to the normal cervical tissues （P〈0.05）. Fttrthermore, the tissues of stage Ⅱ-Ⅳ carcinoma patients showed higher CDC42 expression levels compared to stage I patients （P=0.05）. In addition, the expression of CDC42 was not correlated to age of patients, differentiation degree of cancer cells, or lymph node metastasis （P〉0.05）. Furthermore, compare with normal cervical tissues, the CDC42 mRNA expression in cervical cancer had no significant difference. Conclusions： CDC42 was up-regulated at protein level, but not mRNA level, in cervical squamous cell carcinoma. The high expression of CDC42 was correlated to the clinical stage of the patients, indicating that CDC42 might contribute to the progression of cervical squamous cell carcinoma.展开更多
Background： This meta-analysis was to determine the association of the cumulative dose of 130/0.4 or 0.42 （hydroxyethyl starch [HES] 130/0.4＊） or delta daily fluid balance （i.e., daily fluid balance in HES group ...Background： This meta-analysis was to determine the association of the cumulative dose of 130/0.4 or 0.42 （hydroxyethyl starch [HES] 130/0.4＊） or delta daily fluid balance （i.e., daily fluid balance in HES group over or below control group） with the heterogeneity of risk ratio （RR） for mortality in randomized control trials （RCTs）. Methods： Three databases （PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane） were searched to identify prospective RCTs reporting mortality in adult patients with sepsis to compare HES 130/0.4＊ with crystalloids or albumin. Meta-analysis was performed using random effects. Sensitivity and meta-regression analyses were used to examine the heterogeneity sources of RR for mortality, Results： A total number of 4408 patients from 11 RCTs were included. The pooled RR showed no significant difference for overall mortality in patients with administration of liES130/0.4＂ compared with treatment of control fluids （RR： 1.02, 95% confidence interval： 0.9-1.17; P = 0.73）. Heterogeneity was moderate across recruited trials （l^2 = 34%, P = 0.13）. But, a significant variation was demonstrated in subgroup with crystalloids as control fluids （l^2 = 42%, P 〈 0.1）. Sensitivity analysis revealed that trials with high risk of bias did not significantly impact the pooled estimates for mortality. Meta-regression analysis also did not determine a dose-effect relationship of HES 130/0.4＊ with mortality （P - 0.298）, but suggested daily delta fluid balance being likely associated with mortality in septic patients receiving HES130/130/0.4＊ （P = 0.079）.Conclusions： Inappropriate daily positive fluid balance was likely an important source of heterogeneity in these trials reporting HES 130/0.4＊ associated with excess mortality in septic patients.展开更多
The most prevalent form of dementia in the elderly is Alzheimer＇s disease.A significant contributing factor to the progression of the disease appears to be the progressive accumulation of amyloid-β42（Aβ42）,a smal...The most prevalent form of dementia in the elderly is Alzheimer＇s disease.A significant contributing factor to the progression of the disease appears to be the progressive accumulation of amyloid-β42（Aβ42）,a small hydrophobic peptide.Unfortunately,attempts to develop therapies targeting the accumulation of Aβ42 have not been successful to treat or even slow down the disease.It is possible that this failure is an indication that targeting downstream effects rather than the accumulation of the peptide itself might be a more effective approach.The accumulation of Aβ42 seems to affect various aspects of physiological cell functions.In this review,we provide an overview of the evidence that implicates Aβ42 in synaptic dysfunction,with a focus on how it contributes to defects in synaptic vesicle dynamics and neurotransmitter release.We discuss data that provide new insights on the Aβ42 induced pathology of Alzheimer＇s disease and a more detailed understanding of its contribution to the synaptic deficiencies that are associated with the early stages of the disease.Although the precise mechanisms that trigger synaptic dysfunction are still under investigation,the available data so far has enabled us to put forward a model that could be used as a guide to generate new therapeutic targets for pharmaceutical intervention.展开更多
[目的]研究42.8%氟菌·肟菌酯悬浮剂、75%肟菌·戊唑醇水分散粒剂和30%醚菌·啶酰菌悬浮剂对番茄叶霉病的田间防治试验。[方法]以番茄叶霉病为防治对象,采用田间小区试验法检测3种药剂对其防治效果。[结果]42.8%氟菌·...[目的]研究42.8%氟菌·肟菌酯悬浮剂、75%肟菌·戊唑醇水分散粒剂和30%醚菌·啶酰菌悬浮剂对番茄叶霉病的田间防治试验。[方法]以番茄叶霉病为防治对象,采用田间小区试验法检测3种药剂对其防治效果。[结果]42.8%氟菌·肟菌酯悬浮剂对番茄叶霉病具有很好的防治效果,128.40 g a.i./hm2二次施药后的防效为77.43%,高于对照药剂的防效,差异显著。[结论]42.8%氟菌·肟菌酯悬浮剂对番茄叶霉病防治效果好,对作物安全,是防治番茄叶霉病的优良杀菌剂。展开更多
基金supported by the Sichuan Provincial Youth Foundation,China (09ZQ026-086)the earmarked fund for Modern Agro-Industry Technology Research System,China (nycytx-03)+1 种基金the National 863 Program of China (2006AA10Z1C6)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30771338 and30871532)
文摘Synthetic hexaploid wheat （SHW） represents a valuable source of new resistances to a range of biotic and abiotic stresses. A recombinant inbred line （RIL） population with 127 recombinant inbred lines derived from a SHW-derived variety Chuanmai 42 crossing with a Chinese spring wheat variety Chuannong 16 was used to map QTLs for agronomic traits including grain yield, grains per square meter, thousand-kernel weight, spikes per square meter, grain number per spike, grains weight per spike, and biomass yield. The population was genotyped using 184 simple-sequence repeat （SSR） markers and 34 sequence-related amplified polymorphism （SRAP） markers. Of 76 QTLs （LOD〉2.5） identified, 42 were found to have a positive effect from Chuanmai 42. The QTL QGy.saas-4D.2 associated with grain yield on chromosome 4D was detected in four of the six environments and the combined analysis, and the mean yield, across six environments, of individuals carrying the Chuanmai 42 allele at this locus was 8.9% higher than that of those lines carrying the Chuannong 16 allele. Seven clusters of the yield-coincident QTLs were detected on 1A, 4A, 3B, 5B, 4D, and 7D.
基金Schuellein Chair Endowment Fund to AS supports PD and Graduate program of Biology supports NGsupported by National Institute of General Medical Sciences(NIGMS)-1 R15 GM124654-01+2 种基金Schuellein Chair Endowment Fund(to AS)STEM Catalyst Grant from University of Daytonstart-up support from UD(to AS)
文摘Alzheimer’s disease(hereafter AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects the central nervous system. There are multiple factors that cause AD, viz., accumulation of extracellular Amyloid-beta 42 plaques, intracellular hyper-phosphorylated Tau tangles, generation of reactive oxygen species due to mitochondrial dysfunction and genetic mutations. The plaques and tau tangles trigger aberrant signaling, which eventually cause cell death of the neurons. As a result, there is shrinkage of brain, cognitive defects, behavioral and psychological problems. To date, there is no direct cure for AD. Thus, scientists have been testing various strategies like screening for the small inhibitor molecule library or natural products that may block or prevent onset of AD. Historically, natural products have been used in many cultures for the treatment of various diseases. The research on natural products have gained importance as the active compounds extracted from them have medicinal values with reduced side effects, and they are bioavailable. The natural products may target the proteins or members of signaling pathways that get altered in specific diseases. Many natural products are being tested in various animal model systems for their role as a potential therapeutic target for AD, and to address questions about how these natural products can rescue AD or other neurodegenerative disorders. Some of these products are in clinical trials and results are promising because of their neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-amyloidogenic, anticholinesterase activities and easy availability. This review summarizes the use of animal model systems to identify natural products, which may serve as potential therapeutic targets for AD.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82173054,82222029,82203085)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2022B1515020048,2022B1515020101,China)Guangzhou Science,Technology and Innovation Commission(202102010148,China).
文摘Breast phyllodes tumor(PT)is a rare fibroepithelial neoplasm with potential malignant behavior.Long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)play multifaceted roles in various cancers,but their involvement in breast PT remains largely unexplored.In this study,microarray was leveraged for the first time to investigate the role of lncRNA in PT.We identified lncRNA ZFPM2-AS1 was significantly upregulated in malignant PT,and its overexpression endowed PT with high tumor grade and adverse prognosis.Furthermore,we elucidated that ZFPM2-AS1 promotes the proliferation,migration,and invasion of malignant PT in vitro.Targeting ZFPM2-AS1 through nanomaterial-mediated siRNA delivery in patient-derived xenograft(PDX)model could effectively inhibit tumor progression in vivo.Mechanistically,our findings showed that ZFPM2-AS1 is competitively bound to CDC42,inhibiting ACK1 and STAT1 activation,thereby launching the transcription of TNFRSF19.In conclusion,our study provides evidence that ZFPM2-AS1 plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of breast PT,and suggests that ZFPM2-AS1 could serve as a prognostic indicator for patients with PT as well as a promising novel therapeutic target.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11072006,No.10772007 and No.81070078)National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program,2013CB933702)
文摘Objective： The high expression of cell division cycle 42 protein （CDC42） may be involved in the occurrence and progression of several tumors. However, the expression and function of CDC42 in cervical squamous cell carcinoma remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the expression of CDC42 in cervical squamous cell carcinoma and its correlation with clinicopathologic characteristics. Methods： The expression of CDC42 in 162 cervical squamous cell carcinoma tissue samples and 33 normal cervical tissue samples was investigated by immunohistochemistry. The CDC42 mRNA expression was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）. Results： The cervical squamous cell carcinoma group showed a significantly higher CDC42 positive rate, compared to the normal cervical tissues （P〈0.05）. Fttrthermore, the tissues of stage Ⅱ-Ⅳ carcinoma patients showed higher CDC42 expression levels compared to stage I patients （P=0.05）. In addition, the expression of CDC42 was not correlated to age of patients, differentiation degree of cancer cells, or lymph node metastasis （P〉0.05）. Furthermore, compare with normal cervical tissues, the CDC42 mRNA expression in cervical cancer had no significant difference. Conclusions： CDC42 was up-regulated at protein level, but not mRNA level, in cervical squamous cell carcinoma. The high expression of CDC42 was correlated to the clinical stage of the patients, indicating that CDC42 might contribute to the progression of cervical squamous cell carcinoma.
文摘Background： This meta-analysis was to determine the association of the cumulative dose of 130/0.4 or 0.42 （hydroxyethyl starch [HES] 130/0.4＊） or delta daily fluid balance （i.e., daily fluid balance in HES group over or below control group） with the heterogeneity of risk ratio （RR） for mortality in randomized control trials （RCTs）. Methods： Three databases （PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane） were searched to identify prospective RCTs reporting mortality in adult patients with sepsis to compare HES 130/0.4＊ with crystalloids or albumin. Meta-analysis was performed using random effects. Sensitivity and meta-regression analyses were used to examine the heterogeneity sources of RR for mortality, Results： A total number of 4408 patients from 11 RCTs were included. The pooled RR showed no significant difference for overall mortality in patients with administration of liES130/0.4＂ compared with treatment of control fluids （RR： 1.02, 95% confidence interval： 0.9-1.17; P = 0.73）. Heterogeneity was moderate across recruited trials （l^2 = 34%, P = 0.13）. But, a significant variation was demonstrated in subgroup with crystalloids as control fluids （l^2 = 42%, P 〈 0.1）. Sensitivity analysis revealed that trials with high risk of bias did not significantly impact the pooled estimates for mortality. Meta-regression analysis also did not determine a dose-effect relationship of HES 130/0.4＊ with mortality （P - 0.298）, but suggested daily delta fluid balance being likely associated with mortality in septic patients receiving HES130/130/0.4＊ （P = 0.079）.Conclusions： Inappropriate daily positive fluid balance was likely an important source of heterogeneity in these trials reporting HES 130/0.4＊ associated with excess mortality in septic patients.
文摘The most prevalent form of dementia in the elderly is Alzheimer＇s disease.A significant contributing factor to the progression of the disease appears to be the progressive accumulation of amyloid-β42（Aβ42）,a small hydrophobic peptide.Unfortunately,attempts to develop therapies targeting the accumulation of Aβ42 have not been successful to treat or even slow down the disease.It is possible that this failure is an indication that targeting downstream effects rather than the accumulation of the peptide itself might be a more effective approach.The accumulation of Aβ42 seems to affect various aspects of physiological cell functions.In this review,we provide an overview of the evidence that implicates Aβ42 in synaptic dysfunction,with a focus on how it contributes to defects in synaptic vesicle dynamics and neurotransmitter release.We discuss data that provide new insights on the Aβ42 induced pathology of Alzheimer＇s disease and a more detailed understanding of its contribution to the synaptic deficiencies that are associated with the early stages of the disease.Although the precise mechanisms that trigger synaptic dysfunction are still under investigation,the available data so far has enabled us to put forward a model that could be used as a guide to generate new therapeutic targets for pharmaceutical intervention.
文摘[目的]研究42.8%氟菌·肟菌酯悬浮剂、75%肟菌·戊唑醇水分散粒剂和30%醚菌·啶酰菌悬浮剂对番茄叶霉病的田间防治试验。[方法]以番茄叶霉病为防治对象,采用田间小区试验法检测3种药剂对其防治效果。[结果]42.8%氟菌·肟菌酯悬浮剂对番茄叶霉病具有很好的防治效果,128.40 g a.i./hm2二次施药后的防效为77.43%,高于对照药剂的防效,差异显著。[结论]42.8%氟菌·肟菌酯悬浮剂对番茄叶霉病防治效果好,对作物安全,是防治番茄叶霉病的优良杀菌剂。
