本文旨在讨论智联网(Internet of minds,Io M)的基本概念,核心问题和关键平台技术.首先阐述智联网概念的智能时代发展需求和科学哲学思想基础,然后阐述智联网技术的背景、定义、实质,及其实现协同认知智能的目标,并举例说明其前沿应用领...本文旨在讨论智联网(Internet of minds,Io M)的基本概念,核心问题和关键平台技术.首先阐述智联网概念的智能时代发展需求和科学哲学思想基础,然后阐述智联网技术的背景、定义、实质,及其实现协同认知智能的目标,并举例说明其前沿应用领域,包括物理信息社会系统、软件定义系统及流程、工业智联网.接下来探讨智联网的核心问题:知识的获取、知识的协同表征和传递、以及知识的关联和协同运行.最后简单描述了智联网的关键平台技术,包括虚实平行的平台体系和基于互联网、物联网、区块链和软件定义网络的社会化通信计算平台,为分布式、自组织、自运行的安全智联网系统提供基础设施.展开更多
Concern about global warming calls for an advanced approach for designing an energy system to reduce carbon emissions as well as to secure energy security for each country.Conventional energy systems tend to introduce...Concern about global warming calls for an advanced approach for designing an energy system to reduce carbon emissions as well as to secure energy security for each country.Conventional energy systems tend to introduce different technologies with high conversion efficiency,leading to a higher average efficiency.Advanced energy systems can be achieved not by an aggregate form of conversion technologies but by an innovative system design itself.The concept of LCS(low carbon society) is a unique approach having multi-dimensional considerations such as social,economic and environmental dimensions.The LCS aims at an extensive restructuring of worldwide energy supply/demand network system by not only replacing the conventional parts with the new ones,but also integrating all the necessary components and designing absolutely different energy networks.As a core tool for the LCS design,energy-economic models are applied to show feasible solutions in future with alternatives such as renewable resources,combined heat and power,and smart grid operations.Models can introduce changes in energy markets,technology learning in capacity,and penetration of innovative technologies,leading to an optimum system configuration under priority settings.The paper describes recent trials of energy models application related to waste-to-energy,clean coal,transportation and rural development.Although the modelling approach is still under investigation,the output clearly shows possible options having variety of technologies and linkages between supply and demand sides.Design of the LCS means an energy systems design with the modelling approach,which gives solution for complex systems,choices among technologies,technology feasibility,R&D targets,and what we need to start.展开更多
In 2012 the Ministry of Agriculture of China launched a project exploring Nationaly Important Agricultural Heritage Systems （China-NIAHS）. Through two rounds of applications and selection in 2012 and 2013, 39 tradit...In 2012 the Ministry of Agriculture of China launched a project exploring Nationaly Important Agricultural Heritage Systems （China-NIAHS）. Through two rounds of applications and selection in 2012 and 2013, 39 traditional agricultural systems were selected and designated as China-NIAHS, including 19 forestry systems, 14 planting systems, four agricultural complex systems and two other systems. From a system origin perspective there were 24 agricultural systems, some dating back 1000 years. Twenty heritage systems are located in areas inhabited by ethnic minorities. Agricultural heritage systems face general challenges, such as ecosystem degradation and destruction, loss and abandonment of traditional agricultural technologies and landscapes, lagging agriculture scale and industrialization, and limited farmer beneift-sharing and incentives. Compared to other types of heritage, the conservation and development of agricultural heritage systems is more complex and dififcult. In order to achieve sustainable development of agricultural heritage systems, the government should play a leading role and improve ifnancial support functions. Local people should also explore market-oriented approaches and adaptive management methods on protection and development of NIAHS. Multi-participation and beneift-sharing mechanisms should be established and basic research needs to be strengthened.展开更多
文摘本文旨在讨论智联网(Internet of minds,Io M)的基本概念,核心问题和关键平台技术.首先阐述智联网概念的智能时代发展需求和科学哲学思想基础,然后阐述智联网技术的背景、定义、实质,及其实现协同认知智能的目标,并举例说明其前沿应用领域,包括物理信息社会系统、软件定义系统及流程、工业智联网.接下来探讨智联网的核心问题:知识的获取、知识的协同表征和传递、以及知识的关联和协同运行.最后简单描述了智联网的关键平台技术,包括虚实平行的平台体系和基于互联网、物联网、区块链和软件定义网络的社会化通信计算平台,为分布式、自组织、自运行的安全智联网系统提供基础设施.
文摘Concern about global warming calls for an advanced approach for designing an energy system to reduce carbon emissions as well as to secure energy security for each country.Conventional energy systems tend to introduce different technologies with high conversion efficiency,leading to a higher average efficiency.Advanced energy systems can be achieved not by an aggregate form of conversion technologies but by an innovative system design itself.The concept of LCS(low carbon society) is a unique approach having multi-dimensional considerations such as social,economic and environmental dimensions.The LCS aims at an extensive restructuring of worldwide energy supply/demand network system by not only replacing the conventional parts with the new ones,but also integrating all the necessary components and designing absolutely different energy networks.As a core tool for the LCS design,energy-economic models are applied to show feasible solutions in future with alternatives such as renewable resources,combined heat and power,and smart grid operations.Models can introduce changes in energy markets,technology learning in capacity,and penetration of innovative technologies,leading to an optimum system configuration under priority settings.The paper describes recent trials of energy models application related to waste-to-energy,clean coal,transportation and rural development.Although the modelling approach is still under investigation,the output clearly shows possible options having variety of technologies and linkages between supply and demand sides.Design of the LCS means an energy systems design with the modelling approach,which gives solution for complex systems,choices among technologies,technology feasibility,R&D targets,and what we need to start.
基金Consulting Project of the Chinese Academy of Engineering(2013-XZ-22)Soft Science Project of MOA(20140503)
文摘In 2012 the Ministry of Agriculture of China launched a project exploring Nationaly Important Agricultural Heritage Systems （China-NIAHS）. Through two rounds of applications and selection in 2012 and 2013, 39 traditional agricultural systems were selected and designated as China-NIAHS, including 19 forestry systems, 14 planting systems, four agricultural complex systems and two other systems. From a system origin perspective there were 24 agricultural systems, some dating back 1000 years. Twenty heritage systems are located in areas inhabited by ethnic minorities. Agricultural heritage systems face general challenges, such as ecosystem degradation and destruction, loss and abandonment of traditional agricultural technologies and landscapes, lagging agriculture scale and industrialization, and limited farmer beneift-sharing and incentives. Compared to other types of heritage, the conservation and development of agricultural heritage systems is more complex and dififcult. In order to achieve sustainable development of agricultural heritage systems, the government should play a leading role and improve ifnancial support functions. Local people should also explore market-oriented approaches and adaptive management methods on protection and development of NIAHS. Multi-participation and beneift-sharing mechanisms should be established and basic research needs to be strengthened.
