Compound action potentials (CAP) and action potential-summating potential complex (AP-SP) evoked by click and tone burst respectively were recorded from the round window in guinea pigs. Correlations between the positi...Compound action potentials (CAP) and action potential-summating potential complex (AP-SP) evoked by click and tone burst respectively were recorded from the round window in guinea pigs. Correlations between the positive and negative summating potentials (SP+ and SP-) were examined before and after impulse sound exposure. The results show that the SP- is related to the threshold shift of CAP. In comparison to normal condition, it appears with a high incidence when the auditory threshold shift reaches 30 dB or more. SP-increases in amplitude when SP+ decreases. The smaller the amplitude of SP+, the larger that of SP-. This suggests that in normal hearing condition SP- may be suppressed by SP+. Such suppression may be released if OHCs are injured. The dominant SP- as a sign of recruitment may be due to the change in the nonlinear character of IHC following OHC damage.展开更多
Compound action potentials (CAP) and action potential-summating potential com-plex (AP-SP) evoked by click and tone burst respectively were recorded from the round window in guinea pigs. Correlations between the posit...Compound action potentials (CAP) and action potential-summating potential com-plex (AP-SP) evoked by click and tone burst respectively were recorded from the round window in guinea pigs. Correlations between the positive and negative summating potentials (SP+ and SP-) were examined befroe and after impulse sound exposure. The results show that the SP-is related to CAP threshold shift. In comparison to normai condition, it appears with high incidence when auditory threshold shift reaches 30 dB or more. SP- increases in amplitude when SP+ decreases. The smaller the amplitude of SP+, the larger that of SP-. This suggests that in normai hearing condition SP- may be suppressed by SP+. Such suppression may be released if OHC are injured. The dominant SP- as a sign of recruitment may be due to the change in the nonlinear character of IHC following OHC damage.展开更多
目的建立正常成年人外耳道记录法耳蜗电图(ECochG)的正常值。方法健康成年人16例(32耳),金箔电极置于外耳道,记录ECochG,分析SP/AP幅度比和及其面积比等正常值。结果在95和90 dB nHL刺激强度时,外耳道记录的正常成年人ECochG SP/AP幅度...目的建立正常成年人外耳道记录法耳蜗电图(ECochG)的正常值。方法健康成年人16例(32耳),金箔电极置于外耳道,记录ECochG,分析SP/AP幅度比和及其面积比等正常值。结果在95和90 dB nHL刺激强度时,外耳道记录的正常成年人ECochG SP/AP幅度比分别为0.16±0.12和0.12±0.10,SP/AP面积比分别为1.14±0.27和1.05±0.24,N1幅度较ABR的波I幅度明显增大(P<0.01)。结论建立了外耳道记录的正常成年人ECochG SP/AP幅度比和面积比正常值,可供临床应用。展开更多
目的比较短声和短音诱导的SP-AP电位。方法20只豚鼠分为2组,每组10只,分别采用短声和短音刺激,用圆窗电极记录SP-AP复合波。结果两种刺激声都能较好地诱导出SP-AP复合波。在1、2、4、8 kHz短音诱导的SP-AP波形较好,刺激声强度为100 dB ...目的比较短声和短音诱导的SP-AP电位。方法20只豚鼠分为2组,每组10只,分别采用短声和短音刺激,用圆窗电极记录SP-AP复合波。结果两种刺激声都能较好地诱导出SP-AP复合波。在1、2、4、8 kHz短音诱导的SP-AP波形较好,刺激声强度为100 dB SPL时,各频率短音诱导的SP波振幅分别为-13.56±8.7、-16.61±10.53、-10.13±14.75、-3.71±14.49μv;短声诱导的SP波振幅为-4.44±10.81μv。结论短音能成功诱导出SP-AP波,且具有频率特异性。展开更多
Explicit bounds on bounded solutions to a new class of Volterra-type linear and nonlinear discrete inequalities involving infinite sums are established. These inequalities can be viewed as discrete analogues of some V...Explicit bounds on bounded solutions to a new class of Volterra-type linear and nonlinear discrete inequalities involving infinite sums are established. These inequalities can be viewed as discrete analogues of some Volterra-type inequalities having improper integral functionals,which are new to the literature.展开更多
BackgroundTo compare the arithmetic mean (M-SIA) and the summated vector mean of surgically induced astigmatism (SVM-SIA) according to the incision site after phakic intraocular lens (Visian implantable collamer lens ...BackgroundTo compare the arithmetic mean (M-SIA) and the summated vector mean of surgically induced astigmatism (SVM-SIA) according to the incision site after phakic intraocular lens (Visian implantable collamer lens (ICL), STAAR Surgical) implantation.MethodsThis study comprised 121 eyes of 121 consecutive patients undergoing ICL surgery through a 3.0-mm temporal or superior clear corneal incision. The magnitude and the axis of corneal astigmatism preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively were measured using an automated keratometer. The M-SIA and the SVM-SIA were determined according to the incision site.ResultsThe magnitude of corneal astigmatism significantly increased from 1.23 ± 0.59 D preoperatively to 1.46 ± 0.72 D postoperatively in the temporal incision group (Wilcoxon signed-rank test, P < 0.001), but it significantly decreased from 1.09 ± 0.36 D preoperatively to 0.86 ± 0.41 D postoperatively in the superior incision group (P < 0.001). The M-SIA was 0.48 ± 0.30 D, and the SVM-SIA was 0.23 ± 0.52 D at a meridian of 82° in the temporal incision group. The M-SIA was 0.57 ± 0.30 D, and the SVM-SIA was 0.47 ± 0.45 D at a meridian of 1° in the superior incision group.ConclusionsICL implantation induces the M-SIA by approximately 0.5 D, but the SVM-SIA decreased to 50% and 80% of the M-SIA in magnitude through temporal and superior incisions, respectively. The direction of the SVM-SIA showed a tendency toward corneal flattening to the incisional site. It should be noted that the M-SIA is somewhat different from the SVM-SIA according to the incision site.展开更多
Background:To compare the arithmetic mean(M-SIA)and the summated vector mean of surgically induced astigmatism(SVM-SIA)according to the incision site after phakic intraocular lens(Visian implantable collamer lens(ICL)...Background:To compare the arithmetic mean(M-SIA)and the summated vector mean of surgically induced astigmatism(SVM-SIA)according to the incision site after phakic intraocular lens(Visian implantable collamer lens(ICL),STAAR Surgical)implantation.Methods:This study comprised 121 eyes of 121 consecutive patients undergoing ICL surgery through a 3.0-mm temporal or superior clear corneal incision.The magnitude and the axis of corneal astigmatism preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively were measured using an automated keratometer.The M-SIA and the SVM-SIA were determined according to the incision site.Results:The magnitude of corneal astigmatism significantly increased from 1.23±0.59 D preoperatively to 1.46±0.72 D postoperatively in the temporal incision group(Wilcoxon signed-rank test,P<0.001),but it significantly decreased from 1.09±0.36 D preoperatively to 0.86±0.41 D postoperatively in the superior incision group(P<0.001).The M-SIA was 0.48±0.30 D,and the SVM-SIA was 0.23±0.52 D at a meridian of 82°in the temporal incision group.The M-SIA was 0.57±0.30 D,and the SVM-SIA was 0.47±0.45 D at a meridian of 1°in the superior incision group.Conclusions:ICL implantation induces the M-SIA by approximately 0.5 D,but the SVM-SIA decreased to 50%and 80%of the M-SIA in magnitude through temporal and superior incisions,respectively.The direction of the SVM-SIA showed a tendency toward corneal flattening to the incisional site.It should be noted that the M-SIA is somewhat different from the SVM-SIA according to the incision site.展开更多
文摘Compound action potentials (CAP) and action potential-summating potential complex (AP-SP) evoked by click and tone burst respectively were recorded from the round window in guinea pigs. Correlations between the positive and negative summating potentials (SP+ and SP-) were examined before and after impulse sound exposure. The results show that the SP- is related to the threshold shift of CAP. In comparison to normal condition, it appears with a high incidence when the auditory threshold shift reaches 30 dB or more. SP-increases in amplitude when SP+ decreases. The smaller the amplitude of SP+, the larger that of SP-. This suggests that in normal hearing condition SP- may be suppressed by SP+. Such suppression may be released if OHCs are injured. The dominant SP- as a sign of recruitment may be due to the change in the nonlinear character of IHC following OHC damage.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (39470744)
文摘Compound action potentials (CAP) and action potential-summating potential com-plex (AP-SP) evoked by click and tone burst respectively were recorded from the round window in guinea pigs. Correlations between the positive and negative summating potentials (SP+ and SP-) were examined befroe and after impulse sound exposure. The results show that the SP-is related to CAP threshold shift. In comparison to normai condition, it appears with high incidence when auditory threshold shift reaches 30 dB or more. SP- increases in amplitude when SP+ decreases. The smaller the amplitude of SP+, the larger that of SP-. This suggests that in normai hearing condition SP- may be suppressed by SP+. Such suppression may be released if OHC are injured. The dominant SP- as a sign of recruitment may be due to the change in the nonlinear character of IHC following OHC damage.
文摘目的建立正常成年人外耳道记录法耳蜗电图(ECochG)的正常值。方法健康成年人16例(32耳),金箔电极置于外耳道,记录ECochG,分析SP/AP幅度比和及其面积比等正常值。结果在95和90 dB nHL刺激强度时,外耳道记录的正常成年人ECochG SP/AP幅度比分别为0.16±0.12和0.12±0.10,SP/AP面积比分别为1.14±0.27和1.05±0.24,N1幅度较ABR的波I幅度明显增大(P<0.01)。结论建立了外耳道记录的正常成年人ECochG SP/AP幅度比和面积比正常值,可供临床应用。
文摘目的比较短声和短音诱导的SP-AP电位。方法20只豚鼠分为2组,每组10只,分别采用短声和短音刺激,用圆窗电极记录SP-AP复合波。结果两种刺激声都能较好地诱导出SP-AP复合波。在1、2、4、8 kHz短音诱导的SP-AP波形较好,刺激声强度为100 dB SPL时,各频率短音诱导的SP波振幅分别为-13.56±8.7、-16.61±10.53、-10.13±14.75、-3.71±14.49μv;短声诱导的SP波振幅为-4.44±10.81μv。结论短音能成功诱导出SP-AP波,且具有频率特异性。
文摘Explicit bounds on bounded solutions to a new class of Volterra-type linear and nonlinear discrete inequalities involving infinite sums are established. These inequalities can be viewed as discrete analogues of some Volterra-type inequalities having improper integral functionals,which are new to the literature.
文摘BackgroundTo compare the arithmetic mean (M-SIA) and the summated vector mean of surgically induced astigmatism (SVM-SIA) according to the incision site after phakic intraocular lens (Visian implantable collamer lens (ICL), STAAR Surgical) implantation.MethodsThis study comprised 121 eyes of 121 consecutive patients undergoing ICL surgery through a 3.0-mm temporal or superior clear corneal incision. The magnitude and the axis of corneal astigmatism preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively were measured using an automated keratometer. The M-SIA and the SVM-SIA were determined according to the incision site.ResultsThe magnitude of corneal astigmatism significantly increased from 1.23 ± 0.59 D preoperatively to 1.46 ± 0.72 D postoperatively in the temporal incision group (Wilcoxon signed-rank test, P < 0.001), but it significantly decreased from 1.09 ± 0.36 D preoperatively to 0.86 ± 0.41 D postoperatively in the superior incision group (P < 0.001). The M-SIA was 0.48 ± 0.30 D, and the SVM-SIA was 0.23 ± 0.52 D at a meridian of 82° in the temporal incision group. The M-SIA was 0.57 ± 0.30 D, and the SVM-SIA was 0.47 ± 0.45 D at a meridian of 1° in the superior incision group.ConclusionsICL implantation induces the M-SIA by approximately 0.5 D, but the SVM-SIA decreased to 50% and 80% of the M-SIA in magnitude through temporal and superior incisions, respectively. The direction of the SVM-SIA showed a tendency toward corneal flattening to the incisional site. It should be noted that the M-SIA is somewhat different from the SVM-SIA according to the incision site.
文摘Background:To compare the arithmetic mean(M-SIA)and the summated vector mean of surgically induced astigmatism(SVM-SIA)according to the incision site after phakic intraocular lens(Visian implantable collamer lens(ICL),STAAR Surgical)implantation.Methods:This study comprised 121 eyes of 121 consecutive patients undergoing ICL surgery through a 3.0-mm temporal or superior clear corneal incision.The magnitude and the axis of corneal astigmatism preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively were measured using an automated keratometer.The M-SIA and the SVM-SIA were determined according to the incision site.Results:The magnitude of corneal astigmatism significantly increased from 1.23±0.59 D preoperatively to 1.46±0.72 D postoperatively in the temporal incision group(Wilcoxon signed-rank test,P<0.001),but it significantly decreased from 1.09±0.36 D preoperatively to 0.86±0.41 D postoperatively in the superior incision group(P<0.001).The M-SIA was 0.48±0.30 D,and the SVM-SIA was 0.23±0.52 D at a meridian of 82°in the temporal incision group.The M-SIA was 0.57±0.30 D,and the SVM-SIA was 0.47±0.45 D at a meridian of 1°in the superior incision group.Conclusions:ICL implantation induces the M-SIA by approximately 0.5 D,but the SVM-SIA decreased to 50%and 80%of the M-SIA in magnitude through temporal and superior incisions,respectively.The direction of the SVM-SIA showed a tendency toward corneal flattening to the incisional site.It should be noted that the M-SIA is somewhat different from the SVM-SIA according to the incision site.
