Mechanoluminescence(ML)materials that convert the external mechanical energy into light emission without the assistance of electron or photon excitation have been emerging because of their promising application in inf...Mechanoluminescence(ML)materials that convert the external mechanical energy into light emission without the assistance of electron or photon excitation have been emerging because of their promising application in infrastructure health monitoring,information safety,novel light sources and displays,energy harvesting,aerospace engineering,soft electronics,smart robotics,the Internet of Things,and biomedicine[1].The documented record of ML can be retrospect to 1605,Francis Bacon described mechanically-induced light emission during the scraping of the hard sugar with a knife“sugar shineth only while in scraping”in his celebrated work on“Of the proficience and advancement of learning,divine and human”[2],while the ML observed from the striking stone or quartz by the primitive man may have been a million years.To date,a myriad of MLmaterials covering conductor,semiconductor and insulator have been discovered or synthesized,especially after the development of photomultiplier tube in the mid-20th century,with a conservative estimation of half of inorganic crystals and third of organic compounds harboring ML[3].ML can be categorized into deformation luminescence and triboluminescence according to the physical process involved in inducing luminescence.展开更多
It is believed that human ancestors evolved the ability to run bipedally approximately 2 million years ago. This form of locomotion may have been important to our survival and likely has influenced the evolution of ou...It is believed that human ancestors evolved the ability to run bipedally approximately 2 million years ago. This form of locomotion may have been important to our survival and likely has influenced the evolution of our body form. As our bodies have adapted to run, it seems unusual that up to 79% of modern day runners are injured annually. The etiology of these injuries is clearly multifactorial. However, 1 aspect of running that has significantly changed over the past 50 years is the footwear we use. Modern running shoes have become increasingly cushioned and supportive, and have changed the way we run. In particular, they have altered our footstrike pattern from a predominantly forefoot strike(FFS) landing to a predominantly rearfoot strike(RFS) landing. This change alters the way in which the body is loaded and may be contributing to the high rate of injuries runners experience while engaged in an activity for which they were adapted. In this paper, we will examine the benefits of barefoot running(typically an FFS pattern),and compare the lower extremity mechanics between FFS and RFS. The implications of these mechanical differences, in terms of injury, will be discussed. We will then provide evidence to support our contention that FFS provides an optimal mechanical environment for specific foot and ankle structures, such as the heel pad, the plantar fascia, and the Achilles tendon. The importance of footwear will then be addressed, highlighting its interaction with strike pattern on mechanics. This analysis will underscore why footwear matters when assessing mechanics. Finally, proper preparation and safe transition to an FFS pattern in minimal shoes will be emphasized. Through the discussion of the current literature, we will develop a justification for returning to running in the way for which we were adapted to reduce running-related injuries.展开更多
For the past 2 months I have traveled across Africa,Asia,Europe,and Oceania for fieldwork and conferences on health burden and noncommunicable disease.The striking contrast between access to community health care and ...For the past 2 months I have traveled across Africa,Asia,Europe,and Oceania for fieldwork and conferences on health burden and noncommunicable disease.The striking contrast between access to community health care and hospital services was constantly in my mind during my trips and afterwards.I had the chance to see for myself the imbalance in the available facilitates between less developed and developed regions,and the inequity of the poor,marginalized and disadvantaged with regard to the rich.展开更多
Amid the urban tapestry of many small cities across China,a striking sign commands attention,accompanied by bright window walls that o"er a glimpse of neatly arranged shelves.Within,an assortment of snacks in eve...Amid the urban tapestry of many small cities across China,a striking sign commands attention,accompanied by bright window walls that o"er a glimpse of neatly arranged shelves.Within,an assortment of snacks in every conceivable colour beckons,enticing onlookers to step inside and explore the wonders.展开更多
Plants harbor diverse microbes(including bacteria,fungi,archaea,protists,and viruses)both inside and outside their tissues,so called the plant-associated microbiome.Decades of research have demonstrated the importance...Plants harbor diverse microbes(including bacteria,fungi,archaea,protists,and viruses)both inside and outside their tissues,so called the plant-associated microbiome.Decades of research have demonstrated the importance of plant microbiome in promoting the productivity and health of the plant in natural environment because of their essential functions in improving plant nutrition and plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses(Trivedi,Leach,Tringe,Sa,&Singh,2020).Thus,a plant can be regarded as a holobiont comprising the host plant and the associated microbiota(Hassani,Durán,&Hacquard,2018).Within the plant microbiota,mutualistic fungal and bacterial symbionts(e.g.mycorrhizal fungi and Rhizobia)are striking examples of microorganisms playing crucial roles in nutrient acquisition(Martin&van der Heijden,2024)and non-symbitic plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria or fungi(PGPR or PGPF)also have drawn interest due to their ability to improve soil properties and confer stress tolerance in plants(Upadhyay et al.,2023).展开更多
Paris is enthralling.And there's a good chance you may never want to leave.But,if your stay in the city lasts long enough,you may want to consider striking out for a day to see something special outside of the cit...Paris is enthralling.And there's a good chance you may never want to leave.But,if your stay in the city lasts long enough,you may want to consider striking out for a day to see something special outside of the city limits.展开更多
The striking red soil,soaring cliffs and plunging waterfalls are the main attractions of Chishui,but its connections to the founding of modern Chinese history provide a deeper backdrop。Iyou're trying to figure ou...The striking red soil,soaring cliffs and plunging waterfalls are the main attractions of Chishui,but its connections to the founding of modern Chinese history provide a deeper backdrop。Iyou're trying to figure out which parts of China are the reddest,you should jot Chishui down on your list.The city boasts red land,red water and red history.The red history comes from the Battle of Chishui River,when Communist forces on the Long March in early 1935 outmaneuvered their Nationalist foes by crossing the river,recrossing the river,and then recrossing the river two more times.展开更多
Police officers injured,stores looted,hotels P housing asylum-seekers stormed.These scenes,strikingly reminiscent of darker times,played out in the United Kingdom recently during weeklong riots.On July 29,three young ...Police officers injured,stores looted,hotels P housing asylum-seekers stormed.These scenes,strikingly reminiscent of darker times,played out in the United Kingdom recently during weeklong riots.On July 29,three young girls were killed,and eight children and two adults were injured in a knife attack during a dance class in the coastal town of Southport,Merseyside in northwest England.展开更多
The detection and localization of bone joint regions in medical X-ray images are essential for contemporary medical diagnostics.Traditional methods rely on subjective interpretation by physicians,leading to variabilit...The detection and localization of bone joint regions in medical X-ray images are essential for contemporary medical diagnostics.Traditional methods rely on subjective interpretation by physicians,leading to variability and potential errors.Automated bone joint detection techniques have become feasible with advancements in general-purpose object detection.However,applying these algorithms to X-ray images faces challenges due to the domain gap.To overcome these challenges,a novel framework called effective and efficient network(EAE-Net)is proposed.It incorporates a context augment module(CAM)to leverage global structural information and a ghost bottleneck module(GBM)to reduce redundant features.The EAE-Net model achieves exceptional detection performance,striking a balance between accuracy and speed.This advancement improves efficiency,enabling clinicians to focus on critical aspects of diagnosis and treatment.展开更多
An arc is the high-temperature discharge plasma produced in the opening process of mechanical switches,which directly affects the breaking capability of a hybrid DC circuit breaker.According to the physical mechanism ...An arc is the high-temperature discharge plasma produced in the opening process of mechanical switches,which directly affects the breaking capability of a hybrid DC circuit breaker.According to the physical mechanism of an electric arc,the construction of an arc model for simulation analysis is an important technical means in the electrical field.In this study,based on the theory of magneto hydrodynamics(MHD),a gas mechanical switch model of a natural commutation DC circuit breaker with a compound gap is established.The arc motion process under different conditions is simulated and calcu-lated.The influence of different initial pressures,different opening speeds,and different striking currents on the arc voltage characteristics is analysed.The results show that the larger the gas pressure,the smaller the arc volume and the higher the arc voltage.The faster the opening speed,the longer the arc and the higher the arc voltage;with the increase of the current,the arc voltage increases rapidly at a low current,while the arc voltage increases slowly at a high current.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFA0202703)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61675027,51622205,51432005,61505010,and 61875136)+3 种基金Beijing City Committee of Science and Technology(Z171100002017019,Z181100004418004)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(4181004,4182080,4184110,2184131,and Z180011)Shenzhen Fundamental Research Project(JCYJ20190808170601664)Guangdong Natural Science Foundation(2020A1515011315).
文摘Mechanoluminescence(ML)materials that convert the external mechanical energy into light emission without the assistance of electron or photon excitation have been emerging because of their promising application in infrastructure health monitoring,information safety,novel light sources and displays,energy harvesting,aerospace engineering,soft electronics,smart robotics,the Internet of Things,and biomedicine[1].The documented record of ML can be retrospect to 1605,Francis Bacon described mechanically-induced light emission during the scraping of the hard sugar with a knife“sugar shineth only while in scraping”in his celebrated work on“Of the proficience and advancement of learning,divine and human”[2],while the ML observed from the striking stone or quartz by the primitive man may have been a million years.To date,a myriad of MLmaterials covering conductor,semiconductor and insulator have been discovered or synthesized,especially after the development of photomultiplier tube in the mid-20th century,with a conservative estimation of half of inorganic crystals and third of organic compounds harboring ML[3].ML can be categorized into deformation luminescence and triboluminescence according to the physical process involved in inducing luminescence.
文摘It is believed that human ancestors evolved the ability to run bipedally approximately 2 million years ago. This form of locomotion may have been important to our survival and likely has influenced the evolution of our body form. As our bodies have adapted to run, it seems unusual that up to 79% of modern day runners are injured annually. The etiology of these injuries is clearly multifactorial. However, 1 aspect of running that has significantly changed over the past 50 years is the footwear we use. Modern running shoes have become increasingly cushioned and supportive, and have changed the way we run. In particular, they have altered our footstrike pattern from a predominantly forefoot strike(FFS) landing to a predominantly rearfoot strike(RFS) landing. This change alters the way in which the body is loaded and may be contributing to the high rate of injuries runners experience while engaged in an activity for which they were adapted. In this paper, we will examine the benefits of barefoot running(typically an FFS pattern),and compare the lower extremity mechanics between FFS and RFS. The implications of these mechanical differences, in terms of injury, will be discussed. We will then provide evidence to support our contention that FFS provides an optimal mechanical environment for specific foot and ankle structures, such as the heel pad, the plantar fascia, and the Achilles tendon. The importance of footwear will then be addressed, highlighting its interaction with strike pattern on mechanics. This analysis will underscore why footwear matters when assessing mechanics. Finally, proper preparation and safe transition to an FFS pattern in minimal shoes will be emphasized. Through the discussion of the current literature, we will develop a justification for returning to running in the way for which we were adapted to reduce running-related injuries.
文摘For the past 2 months I have traveled across Africa,Asia,Europe,and Oceania for fieldwork and conferences on health burden and noncommunicable disease.The striking contrast between access to community health care and hospital services was constantly in my mind during my trips and afterwards.I had the chance to see for myself the imbalance in the available facilitates between less developed and developed regions,and the inequity of the poor,marginalized and disadvantaged with regard to the rich.
文摘Amid the urban tapestry of many small cities across China,a striking sign commands attention,accompanied by bright window walls that o"er a glimpse of neatly arranged shelves.Within,an assortment of snacks in every conceivable colour beckons,enticing onlookers to step inside and explore the wonders.
文摘Plants harbor diverse microbes(including bacteria,fungi,archaea,protists,and viruses)both inside and outside their tissues,so called the plant-associated microbiome.Decades of research have demonstrated the importance of plant microbiome in promoting the productivity and health of the plant in natural environment because of their essential functions in improving plant nutrition and plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses(Trivedi,Leach,Tringe,Sa,&Singh,2020).Thus,a plant can be regarded as a holobiont comprising the host plant and the associated microbiota(Hassani,Durán,&Hacquard,2018).Within the plant microbiota,mutualistic fungal and bacterial symbionts(e.g.mycorrhizal fungi and Rhizobia)are striking examples of microorganisms playing crucial roles in nutrient acquisition(Martin&van der Heijden,2024)and non-symbitic plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria or fungi(PGPR or PGPF)also have drawn interest due to their ability to improve soil properties and confer stress tolerance in plants(Upadhyay et al.,2023).
文摘Paris is enthralling.And there's a good chance you may never want to leave.But,if your stay in the city lasts long enough,you may want to consider striking out for a day to see something special outside of the city limits.
文摘The striking red soil,soaring cliffs and plunging waterfalls are the main attractions of Chishui,but its connections to the founding of modern Chinese history provide a deeper backdrop。Iyou're trying to figure out which parts of China are the reddest,you should jot Chishui down on your list.The city boasts red land,red water and red history.The red history comes from the Battle of Chishui River,when Communist forces on the Long March in early 1935 outmaneuvered their Nationalist foes by crossing the river,recrossing the river,and then recrossing the river two more times.
文摘Police officers injured,stores looted,hotels P housing asylum-seekers stormed.These scenes,strikingly reminiscent of darker times,played out in the United Kingdom recently during weeklong riots.On July 29,three young girls were killed,and eight children and two adults were injured in a knife attack during a dance class in the coastal town of Southport,Merseyside in northwest England.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFB1307802)the Tianjin Science and Technology Plan Project(No.18PTLCSY00070)。
文摘The detection and localization of bone joint regions in medical X-ray images are essential for contemporary medical diagnostics.Traditional methods rely on subjective interpretation by physicians,leading to variability and potential errors.Automated bone joint detection techniques have become feasible with advancements in general-purpose object detection.However,applying these algorithms to X-ray images faces challenges due to the domain gap.To overcome these challenges,a novel framework called effective and efficient network(EAE-Net)is proposed.It incorporates a context augment module(CAM)to leverage global structural information and a ghost bottleneck module(GBM)to reduce redundant features.The EAE-Net model achieves exceptional detection performance,striking a balance between accuracy and speed.This advancement improves efficiency,enabling clinicians to focus on critical aspects of diagnosis and treatment.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:51922062,52241701。
文摘An arc is the high-temperature discharge plasma produced in the opening process of mechanical switches,which directly affects the breaking capability of a hybrid DC circuit breaker.According to the physical mechanism of an electric arc,the construction of an arc model for simulation analysis is an important technical means in the electrical field.In this study,based on the theory of magneto hydrodynamics(MHD),a gas mechanical switch model of a natural commutation DC circuit breaker with a compound gap is established.The arc motion process under different conditions is simulated and calcu-lated.The influence of different initial pressures,different opening speeds,and different striking currents on the arc voltage characteristics is analysed.The results show that the larger the gas pressure,the smaller the arc volume and the higher the arc voltage.The faster the opening speed,the longer the arc and the higher the arc voltage;with the increase of the current,the arc voltage increases rapidly at a low current,while the arc voltage increases slowly at a high current.
