目的：探讨抑郁症与焦虑抑郁障碍共病患者的应激事件及下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴功能和特点及与正常人的差异。方法对37例抑郁症患者（抑郁组）及36例焦虑抑郁共病患者（共病组）评定生活事件量表（LES），于治疗前及治疗4、8周末分...目的：探讨抑郁症与焦虑抑郁障碍共病患者的应激事件及下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴功能和特点及与正常人的差异。方法对37例抑郁症患者（抑郁组）及36例焦虑抑郁共病患者（共病组）评定生活事件量表（LES），于治疗前及治疗4、8周末分别测定24 h 尿17-羟皮质醇、24 h 尿游离皮质酮和早晨8：00血浆皮质醇浓度，然后进行组间比较并与28名正常人（健康组）进行对照。结果抑郁组及共病组发生两种以上应激事件的比例、负性应激事件值和 LES 总值均显著高于健康组（P 〈0.05），抑郁组与共病组间比较差异未见统计学意义（P 〉0.05）。抑郁组与共病组24 h 尿17-羟皮质醇和血浆皮质醇均显著高于健康组（P 〈0.05）；治疗前共病组24 h 尿17-羟皮质醇和血浆皮质醇均显著高于抑郁组（P 〈0.05），治疗4周末和治疗8周末抑郁组与共病组间比较差异未见统计学意义（P 〉0.05）。结论抑郁症与焦虑抑郁障碍共病患者有类似而不同于常人的应激事件经历，在 HPA轴释放功能方面存在差异，需加以关注。展开更多
Chronic stress affects brain function,so assessing its hazards is important for mental health.To overcome the limitations of behavioral data,we combined behavioral and event-related potentials(ERPs)in an attention net...Chronic stress affects brain function,so assessing its hazards is important for mental health.To overcome the limitations of behavioral data,we combined behavioral and event-related potentials(ERPs)in an attention network task.This task allowed us to differentiate between three specific aspects of attention:alerting,orienting,and execution.Forty-one participants under chronic stress and 31 non-stressed participants were enrolled.On the performance level,the chronically stressed group showed a significantly slower task response and lower accuracy.Concerning ERP measures,smaller cue-N1,cueN2,and larger cue-P3 amplitudes were found in the stressed group,indicating that this group was less able to assign attention to effective information,i.e.,they made inefficient use of cues and had difficulty in maintaining alerting.In addition,the stressed group showed larger target-N2 amplitudes,indicating that this group needed to allocate more cognitive resources to deal with the conflict targets task.Subgroup analysis revealed lower target-P3 amplitudes in the stressed than in the non-stressed group.Group differences associated with the attention networks were found at the ERP level.In the stressed group,excessive depletion of resources led to changes in attention control.In this study,we examined the effects of chronic stress on individual executive function from a neurological perspective.The results may benefit the development of interventions to improve executive function in chronically stressed individuals.展开更多
The typical development of total volumetric change in the focal areas of seismic events,corresponding to destress blasting,is characterized as an explosive phase followed by an implosive phase and with alternating add...The typical development of total volumetric change in the focal areas of seismic events,corresponding to destress blasting,is characterized as an explosive phase followed by an implosive phase and with alternating additional phases following on from that.In a few cases,a non-typical development of volumetric change was identified,where the first phase was implosive and the second phase,explosive.This development is mainly typical for induced seismic events recorded during mining,not for destress blasting.Seismic events were recorded during longwall mining in the Czech part of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin,where the destress blasting technique is used as a rockburst prevention active measure.Kinematic source processes in the focal areas of selected seismic events were analyzed by the seismic moment tensor inversion method,as well as by studying geomechanical rock mass conditions at the localities of the seismic events.The main goal of the analysis was to attempt to identify the reasons for non-typical development of volumetric changes in these cases.Volumetric changes were analyzed for seismic events with energy greater than 104 J,recorded in the period of time from 1993 to 2009(1109 events).80%(891)of the recorded seismic events were induced seismic events that were registered during longwall mining and 20%(218)corresponded to destress blasting events.Research shows that the main reason for the non-typical development of volumetric changes in the focal areas of seismic events is an association with destress blasting in the rock mass,which is very close to rock mass overstressing.The detonation of explosives in boreholes,which would dominate the first phase of volumetric changes,probably obscured stress release in the rock mass,as manifested in the first implosion phase of the volumetric changes in this case.展开更多
文摘目的：探讨抑郁症与焦虑抑郁障碍共病患者的应激事件及下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴功能和特点及与正常人的差异。方法对37例抑郁症患者（抑郁组）及36例焦虑抑郁共病患者（共病组）评定生活事件量表（LES），于治疗前及治疗4、8周末分别测定24 h 尿17-羟皮质醇、24 h 尿游离皮质酮和早晨8：00血浆皮质醇浓度，然后进行组间比较并与28名正常人（健康组）进行对照。结果抑郁组及共病组发生两种以上应激事件的比例、负性应激事件值和 LES 总值均显著高于健康组（P 〈0.05），抑郁组与共病组间比较差异未见统计学意义（P 〉0.05）。抑郁组与共病组24 h 尿17-羟皮质醇和血浆皮质醇均显著高于健康组（P 〈0.05）；治疗前共病组24 h 尿17-羟皮质醇和血浆皮质醇均显著高于抑郁组（P 〈0.05），治疗4周末和治疗8周末抑郁组与共病组间比较差异未见统计学意义（P 〉0.05）。结论抑郁症与焦虑抑郁障碍共病患者有类似而不同于常人的应激事件经历，在 HPA轴释放功能方面存在差异，需加以关注。
基金grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31771237 and 81773140)the Foundation and Advanced Research Project of Chongqing Science and Technology Commission(cstc2017shmsA130007)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(SWU1709106)。
文摘Chronic stress affects brain function,so assessing its hazards is important for mental health.To overcome the limitations of behavioral data,we combined behavioral and event-related potentials(ERPs)in an attention network task.This task allowed us to differentiate between three specific aspects of attention:alerting,orienting,and execution.Forty-one participants under chronic stress and 31 non-stressed participants were enrolled.On the performance level,the chronically stressed group showed a significantly slower task response and lower accuracy.Concerning ERP measures,smaller cue-N1,cueN2,and larger cue-P3 amplitudes were found in the stressed group,indicating that this group was less able to assign attention to effective information,i.e.,they made inefficient use of cues and had difficulty in maintaining alerting.In addition,the stressed group showed larger target-N2 amplitudes,indicating that this group needed to allocate more cognitive resources to deal with the conflict targets task.Subgroup analysis revealed lower target-P3 amplitudes in the stressed than in the non-stressed group.Group differences associated with the attention networks were found at the ERP level.In the stressed group,excessive depletion of resources led to changes in attention control.In this study,we examined the effects of chronic stress on individual executive function from a neurological perspective.The results may benefit the development of interventions to improve executive function in chronically stressed individuals.
基金the project of the Institute of Clean Technologies for Mining and Utilisation of Raw Materials for Energy Use–Sustainability Programme(No.LO1406)supported by a project for the long-term conceptual development of research organisations(No.RVO68145535)
文摘The typical development of total volumetric change in the focal areas of seismic events,corresponding to destress blasting,is characterized as an explosive phase followed by an implosive phase and with alternating additional phases following on from that.In a few cases,a non-typical development of volumetric change was identified,where the first phase was implosive and the second phase,explosive.This development is mainly typical for induced seismic events recorded during mining,not for destress blasting.Seismic events were recorded during longwall mining in the Czech part of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin,where the destress blasting technique is used as a rockburst prevention active measure.Kinematic source processes in the focal areas of selected seismic events were analyzed by the seismic moment tensor inversion method,as well as by studying geomechanical rock mass conditions at the localities of the seismic events.The main goal of the analysis was to attempt to identify the reasons for non-typical development of volumetric changes in these cases.Volumetric changes were analyzed for seismic events with energy greater than 104 J,recorded in the period of time from 1993 to 2009(1109 events).80%(891)of the recorded seismic events were induced seismic events that were registered during longwall mining and 20%(218)corresponded to destress blasting events.Research shows that the main reason for the non-typical development of volumetric changes in the focal areas of seismic events is an association with destress blasting in the rock mass,which is very close to rock mass overstressing.The detonation of explosives in boreholes,which would dominate the first phase of volumetric changes,probably obscured stress release in the rock mass,as manifested in the first implosion phase of the volumetric changes in this case.
