We present a modified version of quark mass scaling via considering the important one-gluonexchange interaction between quarks in the quark mass density-dependent model. The properties of strange quark matter and the ...We present a modified version of quark mass scaling via considering the important one-gluonexchange interaction between quarks in the quark mass density-dependent model. The properties of strange quark matter and the structure of strange stars are then studied with the new scaling and a self-consistent thermodynamic treatment. It is found that the one-gluon-exchange effect lowers the system energy considerably, makes the equation of state stiffer, and the sound velocity tends to the ultra-relativistic value faster, which make the biggest value of the maximum mass of strange stars become as big as approximately 2 times the solar mass, in accordance with the latest astronomical observations.展开更多
We investigate the properties of strange quark matter （SQM） in a strong magnetic field with quark confinement by the density dependence of quark masses considering the total baryon number conservation, charge neutra...We investigate the properties of strange quark matter （SQM） in a strong magnetic field with quark confinement by the density dependence of quark masses considering the total baryon number conservation, charge neutrality and chemical equilibrium. It is found that an additional term should appear in the pressure expression to maintain thermodynamic consistency. At fixed density, the energy density of magnetized SQM varies with the magnetic field strength. By increasing the field strength an energy minimum exists located at about 6×10^19 Gauss when the density is fixed at two times the normal nuclear saturation density.展开更多
Based on the Mach’s principle, black holes warp the space time in a way that geodesic for every object which is moving toward black hole starts to bend and object starts to rotate around the black hole. Even light ca...Based on the Mach’s principle, black holes warp the space time in a way that geodesic for every object which is moving toward black hole starts to bend and object starts to rotate around the black hole. Even light cannot be able to escape from the strong gravitational field of black hole and all the light like paths will warp so as to fall farther to the hole. Before arriving to the Schwarzschild’s Sphere, object faces with length extension because of the difference between amount of tidal forces on the nearest and furthest points of object that take the object apart and after passing the Schwarzschild’s sphere, based on the Special relativity of Einstein, the parts of object face with length contraction. In comparison between strange stars and black holes we conclude that core of strange stars has a temperature and pressure not sufficient for up and down quarks and they turn into strange ones. However, in core of black holes, because of massive stars and hot gases falling into it, they are always in a high temperature and pressure. So they can be made up of up and down quarks. At the Ergo sphere Region of black hole, a particle that gets into it will divide into 2 pieces, one of them falls into the black hole and another gets out of the Schwarzschild sphere very fast and it’s called the black hole radiation. According to the Diagram drawn by R. Rafini and J. Weeler, an object gets out of white hole in past space-time, it can be able to send signals to us and we can receive it but black hole which is located in future space-time, after object enters to the Schwarzschild’s Sphere, the signals it sends won’t be received. In order to reach the third space-time which is like a mirror to our universe, our speed needs to exceed the speed of light to pass the Einstein-Rosen Bridge. As a conclusion, structure of black holes can be made up of up and down quarks and everything falls into the black hole, collapses and turns into a bunch of quarks. Space-time around black holes, based on Rafini-Weeler diagram, is展开更多
Pulsar-like compact stars usually have strong magnetic fields, with strengths from -10^8 to -10^12 G on the surface. How such strong magnetic fields can be generated and maintained is still an unsolved problem,which i...Pulsar-like compact stars usually have strong magnetic fields, with strengths from -10^8 to -10^12 G on the surface. How such strong magnetic fields can be generated and maintained is still an unsolved problem,which is, in principle, related to the interior structure of compact stars, i.e., the equation of state of cold matter at supra-nuclear density. In this paper we are trying to solve the problem in the regime of solid quark-cluster stars.Inside quark-cluster stars, the extremely low ratio of number density of electrons to that of baryons ne /nb and the screening effect from quark-clusters could reduce the long-range Coulomb interaction between electrons to short-range interaction. In this case, Stoner＇s model could apply, and we find that the condition for ferromagnetism is consistent with that for the validity of Stoner＇s model. Under the screened Coulomb repulsion, the electrons inside the stars could be spontaneously magnetized and become ferromagnetic, and hence would contribute non-zero net magnetic momentum to the whole star. We conclude that, for most cases in solid quark-cluster stars, the amount of net magnetic momentum, which is proportional to the amount of unbalanced spins ξ =（n＋- n-）/ne and depends on the number density of electrons ne =n＋ ＋ n-, could be significant with non-zero ξ. The net magnetic moments of electron system in solid quark-cluster stars could be large enough to induce the observed magnetic fields for pulsars with B ~ 10^11 to ~ 10^13 G.展开更多
The properties of strange star matter are studied in the equivparticle model with inclusion of non-Newtonian gravity. It is found that the inclusion of non-Newtonian gravity makes the equation of state stiffer if Wit...The properties of strange star matter are studied in the equivparticle model with inclusion of non-Newtonian gravity. It is found that the inclusion of non-Newtonian gravity makes the equation of state stiffer if Witten＇s conjecture is true. Correspondingly, the maximum mass of strange stars becomes as large as two times the solar mass, and the maximum radius also becomes bigger. The coupling to boson mass ratio has been constrained within the stability range of strange quark matter.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (11135011, 11045006)Key Project from Chinese Academy of Sciences (Y12A0A0012)
文摘We present a modified version of quark mass scaling via considering the important one-gluonexchange interaction between quarks in the quark mass density-dependent model. The properties of strange quark matter and the structure of strange stars are then studied with the new scaling and a self-consistent thermodynamic treatment. It is found that the one-gluon-exchange effect lowers the system energy considerably, makes the equation of state stiffer, and the sound velocity tends to the ultra-relativistic value faster, which make the biggest value of the maximum mass of strange stars become as big as approximately 2 times the solar mass, in accordance with the latest astronomical observations.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(11135011,11475110)CAS Key Project(KJCX3-SYW-N2)
文摘We investigate the properties of strange quark matter （SQM） in a strong magnetic field with quark confinement by the density dependence of quark masses considering the total baryon number conservation, charge neutrality and chemical equilibrium. It is found that an additional term should appear in the pressure expression to maintain thermodynamic consistency. At fixed density, the energy density of magnetized SQM varies with the magnetic field strength. By increasing the field strength an energy minimum exists located at about 6×10^19 Gauss when the density is fixed at two times the normal nuclear saturation density.
文摘Based on the Mach’s principle, black holes warp the space time in a way that geodesic for every object which is moving toward black hole starts to bend and object starts to rotate around the black hole. Even light cannot be able to escape from the strong gravitational field of black hole and all the light like paths will warp so as to fall farther to the hole. Before arriving to the Schwarzschild’s Sphere, object faces with length extension because of the difference between amount of tidal forces on the nearest and furthest points of object that take the object apart and after passing the Schwarzschild’s sphere, based on the Special relativity of Einstein, the parts of object face with length contraction. In comparison between strange stars and black holes we conclude that core of strange stars has a temperature and pressure not sufficient for up and down quarks and they turn into strange ones. However, in core of black holes, because of massive stars and hot gases falling into it, they are always in a high temperature and pressure. So they can be made up of up and down quarks. At the Ergo sphere Region of black hole, a particle that gets into it will divide into 2 pieces, one of them falls into the black hole and another gets out of the Schwarzschild sphere very fast and it’s called the black hole radiation. According to the Diagram drawn by R. Rafini and J. Weeler, an object gets out of white hole in past space-time, it can be able to send signals to us and we can receive it but black hole which is located in future space-time, after object enters to the Schwarzschild’s Sphere, the signals it sends won’t be received. In order to reach the third space-time which is like a mirror to our universe, our speed needs to exceed the speed of light to pass the Einstein-Rosen Bridge. As a conclusion, structure of black holes can be made up of up and down quarks and everything falls into the black hole, collapses and turns into a bunch of quarks. Space-time around black holes, based on Rafini-Weeler diagram, is
基金Supported by 973 Program(2012CB821801)West Light Foundation(XBBS-2014-23)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(11203018,11225314,11365022)Science Project of Universities in Xinjiang(XJEDU2012S02)Doctoral Science Foundation of Xinjiang University(BS120107)
文摘Pulsar-like compact stars usually have strong magnetic fields, with strengths from -10^8 to -10^12 G on the surface. How such strong magnetic fields can be generated and maintained is still an unsolved problem,which is, in principle, related to the interior structure of compact stars, i.e., the equation of state of cold matter at supra-nuclear density. In this paper we are trying to solve the problem in the regime of solid quark-cluster stars.Inside quark-cluster stars, the extremely low ratio of number density of electrons to that of baryons ne /nb and the screening effect from quark-clusters could reduce the long-range Coulomb interaction between electrons to short-range interaction. In this case, Stoner＇s model could apply, and we find that the condition for ferromagnetism is consistent with that for the validity of Stoner＇s model. Under the screened Coulomb repulsion, the electrons inside the stars could be spontaneously magnetized and become ferromagnetic, and hence would contribute non-zero net magnetic momentum to the whole star. We conclude that, for most cases in solid quark-cluster stars, the amount of net magnetic momentum, which is proportional to the amount of unbalanced spins ξ =（n＋- n-）/ne and depends on the number density of electrons ne =n＋ ＋ n-, could be significant with non-zero ξ. The net magnetic moments of electron system in solid quark-cluster stars could be large enough to induce the observed magnetic fields for pulsars with B ~ 10^11 to ~ 10^13 G.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11575190,11475110 and 11135011)
文摘The properties of strange star matter are studied in the equivparticle model with inclusion of non-Newtonian gravity. It is found that the inclusion of non-Newtonian gravity makes the equation of state stiffer if Witten＇s conjecture is true. Correspondingly, the maximum mass of strange stars becomes as large as two times the solar mass, and the maximum radius also becomes bigger. The coupling to boson mass ratio has been constrained within the stability range of strange quark matter.
