酒糟是酒精工业和酿酒工业的废弃物，通过厌氧发酵不仅可以解决酒糟废弃物污染的问题，还可以提供能源，并且经厌氧发酵后的沼液、沼渣还可以用作生物肥。开展了中温（37℃）条件下的酒糟厌氧发酵产生沼气研究，并分析了厌氧发酵前后物...酒糟是酒精工业和酿酒工业的废弃物，通过厌氧发酵不仅可以解决酒糟废弃物污染的问题，还可以提供能源，并且经厌氧发酵后的沼液、沼渣还可以用作生物肥。开展了中温（37℃）条件下的酒糟厌氧发酵产生沼气研究，并分析了厌氧发酵前后物料组成变化及酒糟沼液作为生物液态肥的可行性。结果表明：四种酒糟的沼气产量从高到低依次为玉米燃料乙醇酒糟、酱香型白酒酒糟、浓香型白酒酒糟、木薯燃料乙醇酒糟，对应的产气量分别为607.4、578.7、434.2、122.3 ml＆#183;g-1（以VS计）；各酒糟厌氧发酵产沼气的甲烷体积分数均在60%～70%之间；酒糟的沼气产量与其 VS 降解率呈正比；酒糟发酵液各元素及离子含量符合生物液态肥标准，是一种很好的生物液态肥原料。展开更多
Sweet potato shochu is a traditional Japanese spirit produced mainly in the South Kyushu area in Japan. The amount of stillage reaches approximately 8 x 105 tons per year. Wastewater mainly containing stillage from th...Sweet potato shochu is a traditional Japanese spirit produced mainly in the South Kyushu area in Japan. The amount of stillage reaches approximately 8 x 105 tons per year. Wastewater mainly containing stillage from the production of sweet potato-shochu was treated thermophilically in a fullscale treatment plant using fixed-bed reactors （8 reactors ×283 m3）. Following the addition of Ni2＋ and Co2＋, the reactors have been stably operated for six years at a high chemical oxygen demand （COD） loading rate of 14 kg/（m3.day）. Analysis of coenzyme content and microbial communities indicated that similar microbial communities were present in the liquid phase and on the fiber carders installed in reactors. Bacteria in the phyla Firmieutes as well as Bacteroidetes were dominant bacteria, and Methanosarcina thermophila as well as Methanothermobacter crinale were dominant methanogens in the reactors. This study reveals that stillage from sweet potato-shochu production can be treated effectively in a full-scale fixed-bed reactor under thermophilic conditions with the help of Ni2~ and Co2＋. The high diversity of bacterial community and the coexistence of both aceticlastic and hydrogenotrophic methanogens contributed to the excellent fermentation performance.展开更多
Background： The immense growth in global bioethanol production has greatly increased the supply of by-products such as whole stillage and condensed distiller＇s solubles, which could be potentially used for animal fe...Background： The immense growth in global bioethanol production has greatly increased the supply of by-products such as whole stillage and condensed distiller＇s solubles, which could be potentially used for animal feeding. The objective of this study was to investigate effects of liquid feeding high levels of corn condensed distiller＇s solubles（CCDS） and whole stillage（CWS） on growth performance, carcass characteristics, belly firmness and meat sensory traits of pigs.Methods： A total of 256 pigs were blocked by sex and initial BW（13.5 ± 2.5 kg）, and pens of pigs（8 pigs/pen） were randomly allocated to 1 of 4 dietary treatments（8 pens/treatment）： 1） corn-soybean meal based diet as control, 2） 25%CWS ＋ 5% CCDS, 3） 19.5% CWS ＋ 10.5% CCDS, and 4） 19.5, 26, and 32.5% CWS ＋ 10.5, 14, and 17.5% CCDS in phases 1（28 d）, 2（38 d）, and 3（60 d）, respectively. Inclusion levels of CCDS and CWS for Treatments 1, 2, and 3 were fixed during all the three phases of the experiment. Inclusion levels of CWS and CCDS were on 88% dry matter basis. The liquid feeding system delivered feed from the mixing tank to feed troughs by high-pressure air, had sensors inside feed troughs, and recorded daily feed intake on the basis of a reference feed intake curve. The pigs were fed 5 to 10 times per day with increasing frequency during the experiment.Results： Control pigs had greater（P 0.10） dressing percentage, loin muscle depth, and lean percentage were observed among the four treatments. Inclusion of CWS and CCDS reduced（P 0.10） the overall like,flavor, tenderness and juiciness of loin chops when compared with the control group.Conclusion： In conclusion, our results indicate that including 30–50% of a mixture of whole stillage and condensed distiller＇s solubles in the growing-finishing diets may reduce growth performance, carcass weight and belly firmness, but does not affect pork sensory traits.展开更多
Propanoic acid accumulated in an ethanol-methane coupled fermentation process affects the ethanol fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The effects of propanoic acid on ethanol production were examined in cassava ...Propanoic acid accumulated in an ethanol-methane coupled fermentation process affects the ethanol fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The effects of propanoic acid on ethanol production were examined in cassava mash under different pH conditions. Final ethanol concentrations increased when undissociated propanoic acid was <30.0 mmol·L-1 . Propanoic acid, however, stimulated ethanol production, as much as 7.6% under proper conditions, but ethanol fermentation was completely inhibited when undissociated acid was >53.2 mmol·L-1 . Therefore, the potential inhibitory effect of propanoic acid on ethanol fermentation may be avoided by controlling the undissociated acid concentrations through elevated medium pH. Biomass and glycerol production decreased with propanoic acid in the medium, partly contributing to increased ethanol concentration.展开更多
The biosorption of selenium by L.edodes was studied.The optimum medium and conditions which were determined by experiments were:stillage 100 g/L,corn powder 10g/L,Na 2SeO 3 100×10 -6 ,initial pH of the medium 5 5...The biosorption of selenium by L.edodes was studied.The optimum medium and conditions which were determined by experiments were:stillage 100 g/L,corn powder 10g/L,Na 2SeO 3 100×10 -6 ,initial pH of the medium 5 5,inoculation size 10%,temperature 28℃,shaking frequency 150r/min,under this conditions,the rate of biossorption could be 93%.The inner change of mycelia was studied by via telescope.Adding selenium could improve the growth of mycelia and be favorable to the polysaccharide formation.Selenium could break the cell wall making the polysaccharide to be secreted out of the cell easily.展开更多
文摘酒糟是酒精工业和酿酒工业的废弃物，通过厌氧发酵不仅可以解决酒糟废弃物污染的问题，还可以提供能源，并且经厌氧发酵后的沼液、沼渣还可以用作生物肥。开展了中温（37℃）条件下的酒糟厌氧发酵产生沼气研究，并分析了厌氧发酵前后物料组成变化及酒糟沼液作为生物液态肥的可行性。结果表明：四种酒糟的沼气产量从高到低依次为玉米燃料乙醇酒糟、酱香型白酒酒糟、浓香型白酒酒糟、木薯燃料乙醇酒糟，对应的产气量分别为607.4、578.7、434.2、122.3 ml＆#183;g-1（以VS计）；各酒糟厌氧发酵产沼气的甲烷体积分数均在60%～70%之间；酒糟的沼气产量与其 VS 降解率呈正比；酒糟发酵液各元素及离子含量符合生物液态肥标准，是一种很好的生物液态肥原料。
文摘Sweet potato shochu is a traditional Japanese spirit produced mainly in the South Kyushu area in Japan. The amount of stillage reaches approximately 8 x 105 tons per year. Wastewater mainly containing stillage from the production of sweet potato-shochu was treated thermophilically in a fullscale treatment plant using fixed-bed reactors （8 reactors ×283 m3）. Following the addition of Ni2＋ and Co2＋, the reactors have been stably operated for six years at a high chemical oxygen demand （COD） loading rate of 14 kg/（m3.day）. Analysis of coenzyme content and microbial communities indicated that similar microbial communities were present in the liquid phase and on the fiber carders installed in reactors. Bacteria in the phyla Firmieutes as well as Bacteroidetes were dominant bacteria, and Methanosarcina thermophila as well as Methanothermobacter crinale were dominant methanogens in the reactors. This study reveals that stillage from sweet potato-shochu production can be treated effectively in a full-scale fixed-bed reactor under thermophilic conditions with the help of Ni2~ and Co2＋. The high diversity of bacterial community and the coexistence of both aceticlastic and hydrogenotrophic methanogens contributed to the excellent fermentation performance.
基金Financial support from Minnesota Pork Board,Agricultural Utilization and Research InstituteMinnesota Corn Growers Association is greatly appreciated
文摘Background： The immense growth in global bioethanol production has greatly increased the supply of by-products such as whole stillage and condensed distiller＇s solubles, which could be potentially used for animal feeding. The objective of this study was to investigate effects of liquid feeding high levels of corn condensed distiller＇s solubles（CCDS） and whole stillage（CWS） on growth performance, carcass characteristics, belly firmness and meat sensory traits of pigs.Methods： A total of 256 pigs were blocked by sex and initial BW（13.5 ± 2.5 kg）, and pens of pigs（8 pigs/pen） were randomly allocated to 1 of 4 dietary treatments（8 pens/treatment）： 1） corn-soybean meal based diet as control, 2） 25%CWS ＋ 5% CCDS, 3） 19.5% CWS ＋ 10.5% CCDS, and 4） 19.5, 26, and 32.5% CWS ＋ 10.5, 14, and 17.5% CCDS in phases 1（28 d）, 2（38 d）, and 3（60 d）, respectively. Inclusion levels of CCDS and CWS for Treatments 1, 2, and 3 were fixed during all the three phases of the experiment. Inclusion levels of CWS and CCDS were on 88% dry matter basis. The liquid feeding system delivered feed from the mixing tank to feed troughs by high-pressure air, had sensors inside feed troughs, and recorded daily feed intake on the basis of a reference feed intake curve. The pigs were fed 5 to 10 times per day with increasing frequency during the experiment.Results： Control pigs had greater（P 0.10） dressing percentage, loin muscle depth, and lean percentage were observed among the four treatments. Inclusion of CWS and CCDS reduced（P 0.10） the overall like,flavor, tenderness and juiciness of loin chops when compared with the control group.Conclusion： In conclusion, our results indicate that including 30–50% of a mixture of whole stillage and condensed distiller＇s solubles in the growing-finishing diets may reduce growth performance, carcass weight and belly firmness, but does not affect pork sensory traits.
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (2008AA10Z338)
文摘Propanoic acid accumulated in an ethanol-methane coupled fermentation process affects the ethanol fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The effects of propanoic acid on ethanol production were examined in cassava mash under different pH conditions. Final ethanol concentrations increased when undissociated propanoic acid was <30.0 mmol·L-1 . Propanoic acid, however, stimulated ethanol production, as much as 7.6% under proper conditions, but ethanol fermentation was completely inhibited when undissociated acid was >53.2 mmol·L-1 . Therefore, the potential inhibitory effect of propanoic acid on ethanol fermentation may be avoided by controlling the undissociated acid concentrations through elevated medium pH. Biomass and glycerol production decreased with propanoic acid in the medium, partly contributing to increased ethanol concentration.
文摘The biosorption of selenium by L.edodes was studied.The optimum medium and conditions which were determined by experiments were:stillage 100 g/L,corn powder 10g/L,Na 2SeO 3 100×10 -6 ,initial pH of the medium 5 5,inoculation size 10%,temperature 28℃,shaking frequency 150r/min,under this conditions,the rate of biossorption could be 93%.The inner change of mycelia was studied by via telescope.Adding selenium could improve the growth of mycelia and be favorable to the polysaccharide formation.Selenium could break the cell wall making the polysaccharide to be secreted out of the cell easily.
