The storage and transportation of raw milk at low temperatures promote the growth of psychrotrophic bacteria and the production of thermo-stable enzymes, which pose great threats to the quality and shelf-life of dairy...The storage and transportation of raw milk at low temperatures promote the growth of psychrotrophic bacteria and the production of thermo-stable enzymes, which pose great threats to the quality and shelf-life of dairy products. Though many studies have been carried out on the spoilage potential of psychrotrophic bacteria and the thermo-stabUities of the enzymes they produce, further detailed studies are needed to devise an effective strategy to avoid dairy spoilage. The purpose of this study was to explore the spoilage potential of psychrotrophic bacteria from Chinese raw milk samples at both room temperature （28 ℃） and refrigerated temperature （7 ℃）. Species of Yersinia, Pseudomonas, Serratia, and Chryseobacterium showed high proteolytic activity. The highest proteolytic activity was shown by Yersinia intermedia followed by Pseudomonas fluorescens （d）. Lipolytic activity was high in isolates of Acinetobacter, and the highest in Acinetobacter guillouiae. Certain isolates showed positive ^-galactosidase and phospholipase activity. Strains belonging to the same species sometimes showed markedly different phenotypic characteristics. Proteases and lipases produced by psychrotrophic bacteria retained activity after heat treatment at 70, 80, or 90 ℃, and proteases appeared to be more heat-stable than lipases. For these reasons, thermo-stable spoilage enzymes produced by a high number of psychrotrophic bacterial isolates from raw milk are of major concern to the dairy industry. The results of this study provide valuable data about the spoilage potential of bacterial strains in raw milk and the thermal resistance of the enzymes they produce.展开更多
研究不同盐质量浓度四川泡菜正常发酵后与发生腐败后盐卤中微生物的数量、分布及变化。利用不同的选择培养基对3个盐质量浓度四川泡菜腐败前后盐卤中的微生物进行分离纯化,得到168株菌株,并经16S r DNA和18S r DNA分子生物学鉴定其种属...研究不同盐质量浓度四川泡菜正常发酵后与发生腐败后盐卤中微生物的数量、分布及变化。利用不同的选择培养基对3个盐质量浓度四川泡菜腐败前后盐卤中的微生物进行分离纯化,得到168株菌株,并经16S r DNA和18S r DNA分子生物学鉴定其种属。结果表明:在不同盐质量浓度泡菜正常发酵过程中,以植物乳杆菌和戊糖乳杆菌为主的乳酸菌主导了泡菜发酵过程。泡菜腐败时,不同盐质量浓度泡菜中的腐败微生物以芽孢杆菌和酵母为主,其中枯草芽孢杆菌和塔克斯假丝酵母在不同盐质量浓度泡菜腐败时均占一定比例;40 g/L盐质量浓度泡菜盐卤以甲级营养型芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、库德里阿兹威毕赤酵母和热带念珠酵母为主,60 g/L盐质量浓度泡菜盐卤以短小芽孢杆菌、克鲁维毕赤酵母和热带念珠酵母为主,80 g/L盐质量浓度泡菜盐卤以奇异变形杆菌、解淀粉芽孢杆菌、白地霉、地衣芽孢杆菌、库德里阿兹威毕赤酵母以及克鲁维毕赤酵母为主。腐败泡菜盐卤表层的膜璞由细菌和真菌共同形成,且盐质量浓度越低,细菌所占的比例越高。展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31772080)the Major Science and Technology Projects of Zhejiang Province(No.2015C02039),China
文摘The storage and transportation of raw milk at low temperatures promote the growth of psychrotrophic bacteria and the production of thermo-stable enzymes, which pose great threats to the quality and shelf-life of dairy products. Though many studies have been carried out on the spoilage potential of psychrotrophic bacteria and the thermo-stabUities of the enzymes they produce, further detailed studies are needed to devise an effective strategy to avoid dairy spoilage. The purpose of this study was to explore the spoilage potential of psychrotrophic bacteria from Chinese raw milk samples at both room temperature （28 ℃） and refrigerated temperature （7 ℃）. Species of Yersinia, Pseudomonas, Serratia, and Chryseobacterium showed high proteolytic activity. The highest proteolytic activity was shown by Yersinia intermedia followed by Pseudomonas fluorescens （d）. Lipolytic activity was high in isolates of Acinetobacter, and the highest in Acinetobacter guillouiae. Certain isolates showed positive ^-galactosidase and phospholipase activity. Strains belonging to the same species sometimes showed markedly different phenotypic characteristics. Proteases and lipases produced by psychrotrophic bacteria retained activity after heat treatment at 70, 80, or 90 ℃, and proteases appeared to be more heat-stable than lipases. For these reasons, thermo-stable spoilage enzymes produced by a high number of psychrotrophic bacterial isolates from raw milk are of major concern to the dairy industry. The results of this study provide valuable data about the spoilage potential of bacterial strains in raw milk and the thermal resistance of the enzymes they produce.
文摘研究不同盐质量浓度四川泡菜正常发酵后与发生腐败后盐卤中微生物的数量、分布及变化。利用不同的选择培养基对3个盐质量浓度四川泡菜腐败前后盐卤中的微生物进行分离纯化,得到168株菌株,并经16S r DNA和18S r DNA分子生物学鉴定其种属。结果表明:在不同盐质量浓度泡菜正常发酵过程中,以植物乳杆菌和戊糖乳杆菌为主的乳酸菌主导了泡菜发酵过程。泡菜腐败时,不同盐质量浓度泡菜中的腐败微生物以芽孢杆菌和酵母为主,其中枯草芽孢杆菌和塔克斯假丝酵母在不同盐质量浓度泡菜腐败时均占一定比例;40 g/L盐质量浓度泡菜盐卤以甲级营养型芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、库德里阿兹威毕赤酵母和热带念珠酵母为主,60 g/L盐质量浓度泡菜盐卤以短小芽孢杆菌、克鲁维毕赤酵母和热带念珠酵母为主,80 g/L盐质量浓度泡菜盐卤以奇异变形杆菌、解淀粉芽孢杆菌、白地霉、地衣芽孢杆菌、库德里阿兹威毕赤酵母以及克鲁维毕赤酵母为主。腐败泡菜盐卤表层的膜璞由细菌和真菌共同形成,且盐质量浓度越低,细菌所占的比例越高。
