Morphology of the male reproductive system, chromosome behaviors during meiosis and spem tail structures in Homoptera and Heteroptera are compared in this paper. The sheathed testis is found in Fulgoroidea and Heterop...Morphology of the male reproductive system, chromosome behaviors during meiosis and spem tail structures in Homoptera and Heteroptera are compared in this paper. The sheathed testis is found in Fulgoroidea and Heteroptera, and unsheathed testis occurs in Cicadoidea, Cicadelloidea, Cercopoidea, Membracoidea, Psyloidea, Aphidoidea, Aleyrodoidea and Coccoidea. The testis also can be divide into three types by the shape of testicular follicles. The sphere-shaped type is found in Cicadoidea, Cicadelloidea, Cercopoidea, Membracoidea, Aphidoidea and Aleyrodoidea, the tube-shaped type observed in Fulgoroidea, Psyloidea and Coccoidea, and the lamella-shaped type represented by Heteroptera. It is suggested the unsheathed testis may be the primitive type in Homoptera. Meiosis can be divided into 6 type at least, i.e. 1） Cicadoid type; 2） Fulgoroid type; 3） Psyloid type; 4） Aphidoid type; 5） Aleyrodoid type; and 6） Coccoid type. At least four groups exhibit a diffuse stage during meiosis prophase l, they are Psyloidea, Fulgoroidea, Coccoidea and Heteroptera. Sperm tail structures are similar to those reported from other insects with a typical 9＋9＋2 axoneme except that in Aleyrodoidea and Coccoidea whose sperm tail is degenerated.展开更多
We aimed to study the association between sperm DNA fragmentation and recurrent pregnancy loss(RPL)in the Chinese population via a retrospective observational study of Chinese couples who had experienced RPL between M...We aimed to study the association between sperm DNA fragmentation and recurrent pregnancy loss(RPL)in the Chinese population via a retrospective observational study of Chinese couples who had experienced RPL between May 2013 and August 2018.The study population included 461 men from couples with RPL and 411 men from a control group(couples with clinical pregnancy via in v/tro fertiIization owing to female causes).Routine semen analysis,sperm chromatin analysis,and microscopic(high-power)morphological analysis were performed using semen samples.Semen samples were assessed for volume,sperm count,and motility.The sperm DNA fragmentation index(DFI)was calculated,and the median DFI was obtained.Men were categorized as having normal(37.8%;DFI<15.0%),moderate(33.6%;15.0%<DFI<30.0%),or severe(28.6%;DFI A30.0%)DNA fragmentation levels.The percentage of men with severe DNA fragmentation was significantly higher in the RPL(42.3%)group than that in the control group(13.1%),whereas the percentage of men with normal levels of DNA fragmentation was significantly lower in the RPL group(22.8%)tha n that in the control group(54.7%).Subsequent analysis also dem on strated that the sperm DNA fragmentation rate had a moderate reverse correlation with the sperm progressive motility rate(r=-0.47,P<0.001)and the total motile sperm count(r=-0.31,P<0.001).We found a positive correlation between RPL and sperm DNA fragmentation.The results suggest that increased sperm DNA damage is associated with RPL.展开更多
Sperm DNA fragmentation(SDF)has been linked with male infertility,and previous studies suggest that SDF can have negative influence on pregnancy outcomes with assisted reproduction.We performed a retrospective review ...Sperm DNA fragmentation(SDF)has been linked with male infertility,and previous studies suggest that SDF can have negative influence on pregnancy outcomes with assisted reproduction.We performed a retrospective review of consecutive couples with a high SDF level that had intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI)using testicular sperm(T-ICSI).We compared the T-ICSI outcomes to that of two control groups:87 couples with failed first ICSI cycle and who had a second ICSI cycle using ejaculated sperm(Ej-ICSI),and 48 consecutive couples with high sperm chromatin structure assay(SCSA)-defined SDF(>15%)that underwent an ICSI cycle using ejaculated sperm after one or more failed ICSI cycles(Ej-ICSI-high SDF).The mean number of oocytes that were retrieved and the total number of embryos were not different among the three groups.The mean number of transferred embryos in the T-ICSI group was higher than the Ej-ICSI group but not significantly different than the Ej-ICSI-high SDF group(1.4,1.2,and 1.3,respectively,P<0.05).Clinical pregnancy rate in the T-ICSI group was not significantly different than the Ej-ICSI and Ej-ICSI-high SDF groups(48.6%,48.2%,and 38.7%,respectively,P>0.05).No significant difference was found in live birth rate when comparing T-ICSI to Ej-ICSI and Ej-ICSI-high SDF groups.The results suggest that pregnancy outcomes and live birth rates with T-ICSI are not significantly superior to Ej-ICSI in patients with an elevated SCSA-defined sperm DNA fragmentation and prior ICSI failure(s).展开更多
An increased amount of DNA fragme ntation in the spermatozoa(SDF)is linked to male in fertility.The Sperm Chromati n Structure Assay(SCSA)is widely used for analysis of SDF.However,the current software(SCSASoftR)linke...An increased amount of DNA fragme ntation in the spermatozoa(SDF)is linked to male in fertility.The Sperm Chromati n Structure Assay(SCSA)is widely used for analysis of SDF.However,the current software(SCSASoftR)linked to this assay is licensed and often located within larger diagnostic centers.In this study,we present a protocol for using other types of software than SCSASoftR to determine the SDF index(DFI)with clinical relevance.This protocol is engineered after collect!ng and analyzing 254 samples from fertility patients and sperm donors over a 15-month period.DFI is analyzed using a strict protocol where the spermatozoa are treated with a strong acid(pH 1.2)followed by acridine orange.DFI is determined by a standard flow cytometric software,FACSDiva 6.1.3.Analysis of the outcome of the fertility treatment is included for 137 patients receiving either intrauterine inseminations(IUI)or timed coitus(TC).The results show that the chance of pregnancy decli nes as DFI in creases.We also found that the male DFI affects the chanee of pregnancy independent of the female age.We have shown that a standard flow cytometric software can be used when determi ning a clinical releva nt DFI.These findings are a sign ificant step toward impleme nting the an alysis as a part of the routi ne,in・house diag no sing of the male fertility patient and subseque ntly optimizing the treatme nt course of the couple with reduced human and financial costs.展开更多
文摘Morphology of the male reproductive system, chromosome behaviors during meiosis and spem tail structures in Homoptera and Heteroptera are compared in this paper. The sheathed testis is found in Fulgoroidea and Heteroptera, and unsheathed testis occurs in Cicadoidea, Cicadelloidea, Cercopoidea, Membracoidea, Psyloidea, Aphidoidea, Aleyrodoidea and Coccoidea. The testis also can be divide into three types by the shape of testicular follicles. The sphere-shaped type is found in Cicadoidea, Cicadelloidea, Cercopoidea, Membracoidea, Aphidoidea and Aleyrodoidea, the tube-shaped type observed in Fulgoroidea, Psyloidea and Coccoidea, and the lamella-shaped type represented by Heteroptera. It is suggested the unsheathed testis may be the primitive type in Homoptera. Meiosis can be divided into 6 type at least, i.e. 1） Cicadoid type; 2） Fulgoroid type; 3） Psyloid type; 4） Aphidoid type; 5） Aleyrodoid type; and 6） Coccoid type. At least four groups exhibit a diffuse stage during meiosis prophase l, they are Psyloidea, Fulgoroidea, Coccoidea and Heteroptera. Sperm tail structures are similar to those reported from other insects with a typical 9＋9＋2 axoneme except that in Aleyrodoidea and Coccoidea whose sperm tail is degenerated.
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No 81100469,81671517)the Scientific Research Foundation of Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Planning(201840060).
文摘We aimed to study the association between sperm DNA fragmentation and recurrent pregnancy loss(RPL)in the Chinese population via a retrospective observational study of Chinese couples who had experienced RPL between May 2013 and August 2018.The study population included 461 men from couples with RPL and 411 men from a control group(couples with clinical pregnancy via in v/tro fertiIization owing to female causes).Routine semen analysis,sperm chromatin analysis,and microscopic(high-power)morphological analysis were performed using semen samples.Semen samples were assessed for volume,sperm count,and motility.The sperm DNA fragmentation index(DFI)was calculated,and the median DFI was obtained.Men were categorized as having normal(37.8%;DFI<15.0%),moderate(33.6%;15.0%<DFI<30.0%),or severe(28.6%;DFI A30.0%)DNA fragmentation levels.The percentage of men with severe DNA fragmentation was significantly higher in the RPL(42.3%)group than that in the control group(13.1%),whereas the percentage of men with normal levels of DNA fragmentation was significantly lower in the RPL group(22.8%)tha n that in the control group(54.7%).Subsequent analysis also dem on strated that the sperm DNA fragmentation rate had a moderate reverse correlation with the sperm progressive motility rate(r=-0.47,P<0.001)and the total motile sperm count(r=-0.31,P<0.001).We found a positive correlation between RPL and sperm DNA fragmentation.The results suggest that increased sperm DNA damage is associated with RPL.
文摘Sperm DNA fragmentation(SDF)has been linked with male infertility,and previous studies suggest that SDF can have negative influence on pregnancy outcomes with assisted reproduction.We performed a retrospective review of consecutive couples with a high SDF level that had intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI)using testicular sperm(T-ICSI).We compared the T-ICSI outcomes to that of two control groups:87 couples with failed first ICSI cycle and who had a second ICSI cycle using ejaculated sperm(Ej-ICSI),and 48 consecutive couples with high sperm chromatin structure assay(SCSA)-defined SDF(>15%)that underwent an ICSI cycle using ejaculated sperm after one or more failed ICSI cycles(Ej-ICSI-high SDF).The mean number of oocytes that were retrieved and the total number of embryos were not different among the three groups.The mean number of transferred embryos in the T-ICSI group was higher than the Ej-ICSI group but not significantly different than the Ej-ICSI-high SDF group(1.4,1.2,and 1.3,respectively,P<0.05).Clinical pregnancy rate in the T-ICSI group was not significantly different than the Ej-ICSI and Ej-ICSI-high SDF groups(48.6%,48.2%,and 38.7%,respectively,P>0.05).No significant difference was found in live birth rate when comparing T-ICSI to Ej-ICSI and Ej-ICSI-high SDF groups.The results suggest that pregnancy outcomes and live birth rates with T-ICSI are not significantly superior to Ej-ICSI in patients with an elevated SCSA-defined sperm DNA fragmentation and prior ICSI failure(s).
文摘An increased amount of DNA fragme ntation in the spermatozoa(SDF)is linked to male in fertility.The Sperm Chromati n Structure Assay(SCSA)is widely used for analysis of SDF.However,the current software(SCSASoftR)linked to this assay is licensed and often located within larger diagnostic centers.In this study,we present a protocol for using other types of software than SCSASoftR to determine the SDF index(DFI)with clinical relevance.This protocol is engineered after collect!ng and analyzing 254 samples from fertility patients and sperm donors over a 15-month period.DFI is analyzed using a strict protocol where the spermatozoa are treated with a strong acid(pH 1.2)followed by acridine orange.DFI is determined by a standard flow cytometric software,FACSDiva 6.1.3.Analysis of the outcome of the fertility treatment is included for 137 patients receiving either intrauterine inseminations(IUI)or timed coitus(TC).The results show that the chance of pregnancy decli nes as DFI in creases.We also found that the male DFI affects the chanee of pregnancy independent of the female age.We have shown that a standard flow cytometric software can be used when determi ning a clinical releva nt DFI.These findings are a sign ificant step toward impleme nting the an alysis as a part of the routi ne,in・house diag no sing of the male fertility patient and subseque ntly optimizing the treatme nt course of the couple with reduced human and financial costs.
