MicroRNAs （miRNAs） are a class of endogenous non-coding RNAs with regulatory functions. Traditionally, miRNAs are thought to play a negative regulatory role in the cytoplasm by binding to the YUTR of target genes to...MicroRNAs （miRNAs） are a class of endogenous non-coding RNAs with regulatory functions. Traditionally, miRNAs are thought to play a negative regulatory role in the cytoplasm by binding to the YUTR of target genes to degrade mRNA or inhibit translation. However, it remains a challenge to interpret the potential function of many miRNAs located in the nucleus. Recently, we reported a new type of miRNAs present in the nucleus, which can activate gene expres- sion by binding to the enhancer, and named them nuclear activating miRNAs （NamiRNAs）. The discovery of NamiRNAs showcases a complementary regulatory mechanism of miRNA, demon- strating their differential roles in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Here, we reviewed miRNAs in nucleus to better understand the function of NamiRNAs in their interactions with the enhancers. Accord- ingly, we propose a NamiRNA--enhancer-target gene activation network model to better under- stand the crosstalk between NamiRNAs and enhancers in regulating gene transcription. Moreover, we hypothesize that NamiRNAs may be involved in cell identity or cell fate determina- tion during development, although further study is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms in detail.展开更多
Objective To investigate the cell-type-specific enhancer (CTSE) in HPV16 and its variation in cervical carcinoma. Methods CTSEs were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 58 cervical carcinoma from Shaanxi pr...Objective To investigate the cell-type-specific enhancer (CTSE) in HPV16 and its variation in cervical carcinoma. Methods CTSEs were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 58 cervical carcinoma from Shaanxi province; in addition variation of CTSEs was analyzed through single-strand conformation polymorphisms (SSCP). Results HPV16 CTSEs were detectable in 34 of 58 (57%) specimens and mutant rate was 41%(14/34) and the main mutations of chosen randomly variant CTSE (CTSEv) happened at YY1 binding sites in addition to glucocoticoid response elements (GRE). Conclusion CTSE in some specimens of Shaanxi province was obviously different from that in HPV16 wild type and variant CTSE might affect the transcriptional regulation of LCR on viral P97, which regulates over-expression of viral oncogenes in cervical carcinoma.展开更多
目的:检测食管鳞癌组织中人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)16E6、E7基因和细胞特异性增强子片段(CTSE)。方法:采用聚合酶链反应法(PCR)检测40例食管鳞癌和20例正常食管黏膜中HPV16E6、E7基因和病毒长控制区内(long control region,LCR)的细胞型特异性...目的:检测食管鳞癌组织中人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)16E6、E7基因和细胞特异性增强子片段(CTSE)。方法:采用聚合酶链反应法(PCR)检测40例食管鳞癌和20例正常食管黏膜中HPV16E6、E7基因和病毒长控制区内(long control region,LCR)的细胞型特异性增强子(cell type specific enhancer,CTSE)。结果:在40例食管鳞癌中,HPV16的E6、E7基因和CTSE片段的检出率分别是37.5%(15/40)、42.5%(17/40)和40%(16/40),20例正常食管黏膜中E6、E7和CTSE的检出率分别为0%(0/20)、0%(0/20)和5%(1/20),两者均存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。CTSE片段分别与E6和E7基因有明显相关性(P<0.05)。食管鳞癌中E6、E7基因及CTSE的检出率在患者不同性别、年龄、肿瘤浸润程度、淋巴结转移和组织学分级肿瘤中差异均无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:E6和E7基因与CTSE片段共存于HPV16感染的食管鳞癌组织中,三者可能与食管鳞癌的发生和发展有关。展开更多
To enhance heat exchange under high temperature condition,a nanofluid with alumina nano-particles suspended in propylene glycol and water(base liquid)was prepared.The boiling point,thermal conductivity,specific heat a...To enhance heat exchange under high temperature condition,a nanofluid with alumina nano-particles suspended in propylene glycol and water(base liquid)was prepared.The boiling point,thermal conductivity,specific heat and viscosity were measured respectively by ebulliometer,transient hot-wire method,comparison method and rotation viscometer.The heat exchange coefficient and flow resistance of 1%—5%(vol)nanofluids were measured in the plate-pin oil cooler test.The experimental results showed that nanoparticles could significantly enhance the heat transfer capability of base liquid.Particle volume fraction and fluid temperature had important effect on thermal properties of nanofluids.The boiling point of nanofluids was over 120℃,a little lower than that of base liquid.Adding particle volume fraction would decrease specific heat but increase thermal conductivity,viscosity and heat exchange coefficient.In Test 2,the mean heat exchange coefficient of 5%(vol)nanofluid in the plate-pin oil cooler was 124.56% higher than that of base liquid,while the flow resistance rose moderately.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31671308)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant No. 2016YFC0900300)
文摘MicroRNAs （miRNAs） are a class of endogenous non-coding RNAs with regulatory functions. Traditionally, miRNAs are thought to play a negative regulatory role in the cytoplasm by binding to the YUTR of target genes to degrade mRNA or inhibit translation. However, it remains a challenge to interpret the potential function of many miRNAs located in the nucleus. Recently, we reported a new type of miRNAs present in the nucleus, which can activate gene expres- sion by binding to the enhancer, and named them nuclear activating miRNAs （NamiRNAs）. The discovery of NamiRNAs showcases a complementary regulatory mechanism of miRNA, demon- strating their differential roles in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Here, we reviewed miRNAs in nucleus to better understand the function of NamiRNAs in their interactions with the enhancers. Accord- ingly, we propose a NamiRNA--enhancer-target gene activation network model to better under- stand the crosstalk between NamiRNAs and enhancers in regulating gene transcription. Moreover, we hypothesize that NamiRNAs may be involved in cell identity or cell fate determina- tion during development, although further study is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms in detail.
基金The study was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.39970035) .
文摘Objective To investigate the cell-type-specific enhancer (CTSE) in HPV16 and its variation in cervical carcinoma. Methods CTSEs were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 58 cervical carcinoma from Shaanxi province; in addition variation of CTSEs was analyzed through single-strand conformation polymorphisms (SSCP). Results HPV16 CTSEs were detectable in 34 of 58 (57%) specimens and mutant rate was 41%(14/34) and the main mutations of chosen randomly variant CTSE (CTSEv) happened at YY1 binding sites in addition to glucocoticoid response elements (GRE). Conclusion CTSE in some specimens of Shaanxi province was obviously different from that in HPV16 wild type and variant CTSE might affect the transcriptional regulation of LCR on viral P97, which regulates over-expression of viral oncogenes in cervical carcinoma.
文摘目的:检测食管鳞癌组织中人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)16E6、E7基因和细胞特异性增强子片段(CTSE)。方法:采用聚合酶链反应法(PCR)检测40例食管鳞癌和20例正常食管黏膜中HPV16E6、E7基因和病毒长控制区内(long control region,LCR)的细胞型特异性增强子(cell type specific enhancer,CTSE)。结果:在40例食管鳞癌中,HPV16的E6、E7基因和CTSE片段的检出率分别是37.5%(15/40)、42.5%(17/40)和40%(16/40),20例正常食管黏膜中E6、E7和CTSE的检出率分别为0%(0/20)、0%(0/20)和5%(1/20),两者均存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。CTSE片段分别与E6和E7基因有明显相关性(P<0.05)。食管鳞癌中E6、E7基因及CTSE的检出率在患者不同性别、年龄、肿瘤浸润程度、淋巴结转移和组织学分级肿瘤中差异均无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:E6和E7基因与CTSE片段共存于HPV16感染的食管鳞癌组织中,三者可能与食管鳞癌的发生和发展有关。
文摘To enhance heat exchange under high temperature condition,a nanofluid with alumina nano-particles suspended in propylene glycol and water(base liquid)was prepared.The boiling point,thermal conductivity,specific heat and viscosity were measured respectively by ebulliometer,transient hot-wire method,comparison method and rotation viscometer.The heat exchange coefficient and flow resistance of 1%—5%(vol)nanofluids were measured in the plate-pin oil cooler test.The experimental results showed that nanoparticles could significantly enhance the heat transfer capability of base liquid.Particle volume fraction and fluid temperature had important effect on thermal properties of nanofluids.The boiling point of nanofluids was over 120℃,a little lower than that of base liquid.Adding particle volume fraction would decrease specific heat but increase thermal conductivity,viscosity and heat exchange coefficient.In Test 2,the mean heat exchange coefficient of 5%(vol)nanofluid in the plate-pin oil cooler was 124.56% higher than that of base liquid,while the flow resistance rose moderately.
