One new sorbicillin derivative, 2-deoxy-sohirnone C(1), one new diketopiperazine alkaloid, 5 S-hydroxynorvalineS-Ile(2), and two naturally occurring diketopiperazines, 3 S-hydroxylcyclo(S-Pro-S-Phe)(3) and cyclo(S-Phe...One new sorbicillin derivative, 2-deoxy-sohirnone C(1), one new diketopiperazine alkaloid, 5 S-hydroxynorvalineS-Ile(2), and two naturally occurring diketopiperazines, 3 S-hydroxylcyclo(S-Pro-S-Phe)(3) and cyclo(S-Phe-S-Gln)(4), together with three known compounds were isolated from the Chinese mangrove endophytic fungus Penicillium sp. GD6. Their structures were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses and by comparison with literature data. The absolute configuration of 3-hydroxyl moiety in 3 was determined by Mosher's method, while the absolute stereochemistry of 2 and 4 was established by comparison with the CD spectra of natural and synthesized diketopiperazines. Compound 1 showed moderate antibacterial activity against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with a MIC value of 80 μg·m L^(-1).展开更多
Trichoderma reesei Rut-C-30 is a well-known robust producer of cellulolytic enzymes,which are used to degrade lignocellulosic biomass for the sustainable production of biofuels and biochemicals.However,studies of its ...Trichoderma reesei Rut-C-30 is a well-known robust producer of cellulolytic enzymes,which are used to degrade lignocellulosic biomass for the sustainable production of biofuels and biochemicals.However,studies of its sec-ondary metabolism and regulation remain scarce.Ypr1 was previously described as a regulator of the biosynthesis of the yellow pigment sorbicillin(a bioactive agent with great pharmaceutical interest)in T.reesei and several other fungi.However,the manner in which this regulator affects global gene transcription has not been explored.In this study,we report the effect of Ypr1 on the regulation of both the secondary and primary metabolism of T.reesei Rut-C30.A global gene transcription profile was obtained using a comparative transcriptomic analysis of the wild-type strain T.reesei Rut-C-30 and its ypr1 deletion mutant.The results of this analysis suggest that,in addition to its role in regulating sorbicillin and the major extracellular(hemi)cellulases,Ypr1 also affects the transcription of genes encoding several other secondary metabolites.Although the primary metabolism of T.reeseiΔypr1 became less active compared with that of T.reesei Rut-C-30,several gene clusters involved in its secondary metabolism were activated,such as the gene clusters for the biosynthesis of specific polyketides and non-ribosomal peptides,together with the“sorbicillinoid-cellulase”super cluster,indicating that specific secondary metabolites and cellulases may be co-regulated in T.reesei Rut-C-30.The results presented in this study may benefit the development of genetic engineering strategies for the production of sorbicillin by T.reesei Rut-C-30,and provide insights for enhancing sorbicillin production in other filamentous fungal producers.展开更多
To evaluate the potential of fungi from Darband cave,Semnan,Iran,for valuable antibacterial and anticancer agents,molecular screening was done against polyketides(PKS);the source for numerous diverse secondary metabol...To evaluate the potential of fungi from Darband cave,Semnan,Iran,for valuable antibacterial and anticancer agents,molecular screening was done against polyketides(PKS);the source for numerous diverse secondary metabolites.Fungi were isolated from soil and sludge.The antibacterial activity of the isolates was studied against indicator bacteria by well diffusion agar method,and analyzed by PCR for PKS genes.The positive strains were compared for toxicity against indicators and A549 cells.Production of antibacterial agents was investigated in 26 days followed by partial purification of the agents.Thin layer chromatography(TLC)and High Performance Liquid Chromatography(HPLC)analyses were done to reveal the nature of the toxin(s).The isolates exhibited the antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus,Bacillus cereus,and Bacillus subtilis.Three isolates selected for further studies based on the yellow culture broth,the presence of PKS,and antibacterial activity.The strains were identified as Penicillium chrysogenum using 18s rDNA analyzing.The yellow culture,87%identity of the PKS 12/PKS 13,the results of HPLC,and the toxic effects against certain bacteria and A549 cells confirmed the production of the sorbicillinoid in P.chrysogenum strains;DDFCC170 and DDFCC186.The partially-purified antibacterial-anticancer agents named as AnBa170 and AnBa186 exhibited bactericide effect on S.aureus and B.cereus.These compounds killed A549 cells with an IC_(50) value of 0.25μM and 0.22μM respectively.AnBa170 and AnBa186 are attractive for pharmaceutical industries.Based on the literature,the cytotoxicity of sorbicillinoids against tumor cells and bacteria is related to their oxidation capacity.展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81520108028)SCTSM Projects(Nos.14431901100 and 15431901000)the SKLDR/SIMM Project(No.SIMM1501ZZ-03)
文摘One new sorbicillin derivative, 2-deoxy-sohirnone C(1), one new diketopiperazine alkaloid, 5 S-hydroxynorvalineS-Ile(2), and two naturally occurring diketopiperazines, 3 S-hydroxylcyclo(S-Pro-S-Phe)(3) and cyclo(S-Phe-S-Gln)(4), together with three known compounds were isolated from the Chinese mangrove endophytic fungus Penicillium sp. GD6. Their structures were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses and by comparison with literature data. The absolute configuration of 3-hydroxyl moiety in 3 was determined by Mosher's method, while the absolute stereochemistry of 2 and 4 was established by comparison with the CD spectra of natural and synthesized diketopiperazines. Compound 1 showed moderate antibacterial activity against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with a MIC value of 80 μg·m L^(-1).
基金This work is supported by the State Key Research and Development Program(2022YFE0108500).
文摘Trichoderma reesei Rut-C-30 is a well-known robust producer of cellulolytic enzymes,which are used to degrade lignocellulosic biomass for the sustainable production of biofuels and biochemicals.However,studies of its sec-ondary metabolism and regulation remain scarce.Ypr1 was previously described as a regulator of the biosynthesis of the yellow pigment sorbicillin(a bioactive agent with great pharmaceutical interest)in T.reesei and several other fungi.However,the manner in which this regulator affects global gene transcription has not been explored.In this study,we report the effect of Ypr1 on the regulation of both the secondary and primary metabolism of T.reesei Rut-C30.A global gene transcription profile was obtained using a comparative transcriptomic analysis of the wild-type strain T.reesei Rut-C-30 and its ypr1 deletion mutant.The results of this analysis suggest that,in addition to its role in regulating sorbicillin and the major extracellular(hemi)cellulases,Ypr1 also affects the transcription of genes encoding several other secondary metabolites.Although the primary metabolism of T.reeseiΔypr1 became less active compared with that of T.reesei Rut-C-30,several gene clusters involved in its secondary metabolism were activated,such as the gene clusters for the biosynthesis of specific polyketides and non-ribosomal peptides,together with the“sorbicillinoid-cellulase”super cluster,indicating that specific secondary metabolites and cellulases may be co-regulated in T.reesei Rut-C-30.The results presented in this study may benefit the development of genetic engineering strategies for the production of sorbicillin by T.reesei Rut-C-30,and provide insights for enhancing sorbicillin production in other filamentous fungal producers.
文摘To evaluate the potential of fungi from Darband cave,Semnan,Iran,for valuable antibacterial and anticancer agents,molecular screening was done against polyketides(PKS);the source for numerous diverse secondary metabolites.Fungi were isolated from soil and sludge.The antibacterial activity of the isolates was studied against indicator bacteria by well diffusion agar method,and analyzed by PCR for PKS genes.The positive strains were compared for toxicity against indicators and A549 cells.Production of antibacterial agents was investigated in 26 days followed by partial purification of the agents.Thin layer chromatography(TLC)and High Performance Liquid Chromatography(HPLC)analyses were done to reveal the nature of the toxin(s).The isolates exhibited the antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus,Bacillus cereus,and Bacillus subtilis.Three isolates selected for further studies based on the yellow culture broth,the presence of PKS,and antibacterial activity.The strains were identified as Penicillium chrysogenum using 18s rDNA analyzing.The yellow culture,87%identity of the PKS 12/PKS 13,the results of HPLC,and the toxic effects against certain bacteria and A549 cells confirmed the production of the sorbicillinoid in P.chrysogenum strains;DDFCC170 and DDFCC186.The partially-purified antibacterial-anticancer agents named as AnBa170 and AnBa186 exhibited bactericide effect on S.aureus and B.cereus.These compounds killed A549 cells with an IC_(50) value of 0.25μM and 0.22μM respectively.AnBa170 and AnBa186 are attractive for pharmaceutical industries.Based on the literature,the cytotoxicity of sorbicillinoids against tumor cells and bacteria is related to their oxidation capacity.
