This paper focuses on the investigators of rural society in the Republican period, specifically research made through fieldwork on the Gowned Brothers （or, Paoge） in 1940s Sichuan. It takes up one such investigator,...This paper focuses on the investigators of rural society in the Republican period, specifically research made through fieldwork on the Gowned Brothers （or, Paoge） in 1940s Sichuan. It takes up one such investigator, Shen Baoyuan--a student at Yenching University; her youthful work never became published or recognized. The present study reveals how the pioneers of Chinese sociology and anthropology, who called themselves ＂rural activists,＂ tried to understand rural China. It argues that the developments in those fields in China of the 1920s and 1940s made it possible for us today to have a better understanding of the contemporary rural problems. The investigators played an important role in the Rural Construction and Rural Education Movements in Republican China. They show us how Western sociology and anthropology were localized in order to answer ＂Chinese questions＂ and to solve ＂Chinese problems.＂ As source material, these investigations have given us rich records, which in turn have become precious sources and historical memories of rural China＇s past.展开更多
Mobilizing men to serve in the army was one of the fundamental tasks of the Nationalist government during the Anti-Japanese War （1937-45）. Using ground-level conscription cases from counties around Chongqing, this p...Mobilizing men to serve in the army was one of the fundamental tasks of the Nationalist government during the Anti-Japanese War （1937-45）. Using ground-level conscription cases from counties around Chongqing, this paper examines wartime rural administration. In interior areas, the draft rested on rural administrators, the recently revived baojia system. The baofia heads were in a difficult position： the state demanded full quotas of draftees, while residents tried to leverage bureaucratic discipline by filing accusations against them with higher ups. Their divided loyalties produced both predation and protection. Alongside the familiar stories of predatory extortion and press-gang conscription, baojia leaders also acted in ways that were protective of their neighbours and communities. The patterns of draft-related cases in rural Sichuan revise our picture of baojia leaders as unchecked bullies and thus throw new light on both the KMT＇s war effort and its state-making.展开更多
《华西教会新闻》(The West China Missionary News)是基督新教在华西地区创办的第一份英文刊物。它于1899年2月在重庆创刊出版,1943年底停刊。期刊内容围绕传教士在各传教站点的所见所闻进行报道与评论,涉及华西地区的风土民情、社会...《华西教会新闻》(The West China Missionary News)是基督新教在华西地区创办的第一份英文刊物。它于1899年2月在重庆创刊出版,1943年底停刊。期刊内容围绕传教士在各传教站点的所见所闻进行报道与评论,涉及华西地区的风土民情、社会环境。本文以《华西教会新闻》所刊内容为主要史料依据,探讨分析清末民初新教传教士对当地社会风俗文化的考察,以及所采取的相关行动,进一步深化我们对传教活动和文化互动的认识。展开更多
文摘This paper focuses on the investigators of rural society in the Republican period, specifically research made through fieldwork on the Gowned Brothers （or, Paoge） in 1940s Sichuan. It takes up one such investigator, Shen Baoyuan--a student at Yenching University; her youthful work never became published or recognized. The present study reveals how the pioneers of Chinese sociology and anthropology, who called themselves ＂rural activists,＂ tried to understand rural China. It argues that the developments in those fields in China of the 1920s and 1940s made it possible for us today to have a better understanding of the contemporary rural problems. The investigators played an important role in the Rural Construction and Rural Education Movements in Republican China. They show us how Western sociology and anthropology were localized in order to answer ＂Chinese questions＂ and to solve ＂Chinese problems.＂ As source material, these investigations have given us rich records, which in turn have become precious sources and historical memories of rural China＇s past.
文摘Mobilizing men to serve in the army was one of the fundamental tasks of the Nationalist government during the Anti-Japanese War （1937-45）. Using ground-level conscription cases from counties around Chongqing, this paper examines wartime rural administration. In interior areas, the draft rested on rural administrators, the recently revived baojia system. The baofia heads were in a difficult position： the state demanded full quotas of draftees, while residents tried to leverage bureaucratic discipline by filing accusations against them with higher ups. Their divided loyalties produced both predation and protection. Alongside the familiar stories of predatory extortion and press-gang conscription, baojia leaders also acted in ways that were protective of their neighbours and communities. The patterns of draft-related cases in rural Sichuan revise our picture of baojia leaders as unchecked bullies and thus throw new light on both the KMT＇s war effort and its state-making.
文摘《华西教会新闻》(The West China Missionary News)是基督新教在华西地区创办的第一份英文刊物。它于1899年2月在重庆创刊出版,1943年底停刊。期刊内容围绕传教士在各传教站点的所见所闻进行报道与评论,涉及华西地区的风土民情、社会环境。本文以《华西教会新闻》所刊内容为主要史料依据,探讨分析清末民初新教传教士对当地社会风俗文化的考察,以及所采取的相关行动,进一步深化我们对传教活动和文化互动的认识。
