Passive-warming, open-top chambers(OTCs) are widely applied for studying the effects of future climate warming on coastal wetlands. In this study, a set of six OTCs were established at a Phragmites wetland located in ...Passive-warming, open-top chambers(OTCs) are widely applied for studying the effects of future climate warming on coastal wetlands. In this study, a set of six OTCs were established at a Phragmites wetland located in the Yellow River Delta of Dongying City, China. With data collected through online transmission and in-situ sensors, the attributes and patterns of realized OTCs warming are demonstrated.The authors also quantified the preliminary influence of experimental chamber warming on plant traits.OTCs produced an elevated average air temperature of 0.8°C(relative to controls) during the growing season(June to October) of 2018, and soil temperatures actually decreased by 0.54°C at a depth of 5 cm and 0.46°C at a depth of 30 cm in the OTCs. Variations in diel patterns of warming depend greatly on the heat sources of incoming radiation in the daytime versus soil heat flux at night. Warming effects were often larger during instantaneous analyses and influenced OTCs air temperatures from-2.5°C to 8.3°C dependent on various meteorological conditions at any given time, ranging from cooling influences from vertical heat exchange and vegetation to radiation-associated warming. Night-time temperature depressions in the OTCs were due to the low turbulence inside OTCs and changes in surface soilatmosphere heat transfer. Plant shoot density, basal diameter, and biomass of Phragmites decreased by23.2%, 6.3%, and 34.0%, respectively, under experimental warming versus controls, and plant height increased by 4.3%, reflecting less carbon allocation to stem structures as plants in the OTCs experienced simultaneous wind buffering. While these passive-warming OTCs created the desired warming effects both to the atmosphere and soils, pest damages on the plant leaves and lodging within the OTCs were extensive and serious, creating the need to consider control options for these chambers and the replicated OTCs studies underway in other Chinese Phragmites marshes(Panjin and Yancheng).展开更多
目的探讨低钠血症对急性sT段抬高型心肌梗死（ST—elevationmyocardialinfarction，STEMI）经皮冠脉介入治疗（percutaneouscoronaryintervention，PCI）患者近期预后的影响。方法选取2014年3月至2016年5月于郑州大学第一附属医院住院...目的探讨低钠血症对急性sT段抬高型心肌梗死（ST—elevationmyocardialinfarction，STEMI）经皮冠脉介入治疗（percutaneouscoronaryintervention，PCI）患者近期预后的影响。方法选取2014年3月至2016年5月于郑州大学第一附属医院住院的急性STEMI并于12h内行PCI治疗患者324例，根据患者入院时血清钠离子浓度分为A组血钠水平〈130mmol／L组；B组血钠水平130-134mmol／L组；C组血钠水平≥135mmol／L（血钠正常组）三组，比较各组入院30d内死亡、心源性休克、急性肾衰竭、室壁瘤形成及室间隔穿孔等不良事件发生率，并进行回归分析。结果三组患者在年龄、空腹血糖、NT—proBNP、LVEF、hsCRP方面差异有统计学意义（均P〈0．05）。A组患者病死率（20．0％）在各组中最高，与B组、C组比较，差异均有统计学意义（20．0％ vs．6．3％，P〈0．05；20．0％ vs 6．0％，P〈0．05）。A组在心源性休克、急性肾衰竭发生率也最高（40．0％；30．0％），两两比较与B组和c组差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。多因素Logistic回归分析，显示年龄、低LVEF、入院时低钠血症（A组＋B组）因素可能是STEMI患者30d内死亡的独立危险因素，发现与C组比较，B组死亡风险OR=1．762（95％C／：0．947—5．476，P=0．012）；A组死亡风险OR=3．058（95％C／：1．339—4．358，P=0．003），死亡风险随血钠水平降低而升高。结论人院时发生低钠血症是STEMI患者PCI术后近期预后的独立危险因素，血钠水平越低预后越差。展开更多
基金jointly funded by the Marine S&T Fund of Shandong Province for the Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao)(2022QNLM 040003-3)the National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFE0109600)+3 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (U22A20558, 41240022, 41876057, 40872167, 41602143)China Geological Survey (1212010611402, GZH201200503, and DD20160144)by in-kind support from the Land Carbon ProgramLand Change Science R&D Program of the United States Geological Survey。
文摘Passive-warming, open-top chambers(OTCs) are widely applied for studying the effects of future climate warming on coastal wetlands. In this study, a set of six OTCs were established at a Phragmites wetland located in the Yellow River Delta of Dongying City, China. With data collected through online transmission and in-situ sensors, the attributes and patterns of realized OTCs warming are demonstrated.The authors also quantified the preliminary influence of experimental chamber warming on plant traits.OTCs produced an elevated average air temperature of 0.8°C(relative to controls) during the growing season(June to October) of 2018, and soil temperatures actually decreased by 0.54°C at a depth of 5 cm and 0.46°C at a depth of 30 cm in the OTCs. Variations in diel patterns of warming depend greatly on the heat sources of incoming radiation in the daytime versus soil heat flux at night. Warming effects were often larger during instantaneous analyses and influenced OTCs air temperatures from-2.5°C to 8.3°C dependent on various meteorological conditions at any given time, ranging from cooling influences from vertical heat exchange and vegetation to radiation-associated warming. Night-time temperature depressions in the OTCs were due to the low turbulence inside OTCs and changes in surface soilatmosphere heat transfer. Plant shoot density, basal diameter, and biomass of Phragmites decreased by23.2%, 6.3%, and 34.0%, respectively, under experimental warming versus controls, and plant height increased by 4.3%, reflecting less carbon allocation to stem structures as plants in the OTCs experienced simultaneous wind buffering. While these passive-warming OTCs created the desired warming effects both to the atmosphere and soils, pest damages on the plant leaves and lodging within the OTCs were extensive and serious, creating the need to consider control options for these chambers and the replicated OTCs studies underway in other Chinese Phragmites marshes(Panjin and Yancheng).
文摘目的探讨低钠血症对急性sT段抬高型心肌梗死（ST—elevationmyocardialinfarction，STEMI）经皮冠脉介入治疗（percutaneouscoronaryintervention，PCI）患者近期预后的影响。方法选取2014年3月至2016年5月于郑州大学第一附属医院住院的急性STEMI并于12h内行PCI治疗患者324例，根据患者入院时血清钠离子浓度分为A组血钠水平〈130mmol／L组；B组血钠水平130-134mmol／L组；C组血钠水平≥135mmol／L（血钠正常组）三组，比较各组入院30d内死亡、心源性休克、急性肾衰竭、室壁瘤形成及室间隔穿孔等不良事件发生率，并进行回归分析。结果三组患者在年龄、空腹血糖、NT—proBNP、LVEF、hsCRP方面差异有统计学意义（均P〈0．05）。A组患者病死率（20．0％）在各组中最高，与B组、C组比较，差异均有统计学意义（20．0％ vs．6．3％，P〈0．05；20．0％ vs 6．0％，P〈0．05）。A组在心源性休克、急性肾衰竭发生率也最高（40．0％；30．0％），两两比较与B组和c组差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。多因素Logistic回归分析，显示年龄、低LVEF、入院时低钠血症（A组＋B组）因素可能是STEMI患者30d内死亡的独立危险因素，发现与C组比较，B组死亡风险OR=1．762（95％C／：0．947—5．476，P=0．012）；A组死亡风险OR=3．058（95％C／：1．339—4．358，P=0．003），死亡风险随血钠水平降低而升高。结论人院时发生低钠血症是STEMI患者PCI术后近期预后的独立危险因素，血钠水平越低预后越差。
