为探讨羊肚菌菌柄的营养和应用价值,对2种羊肚菌菌柄的氨基酸、脂肪酸、矿物质元素、多糖、多酚、膳食纤维和部分维生素等含量进行了测定分析,并与羊肚菌全剪柄精品(pileus of Morchellaesculenta,PME)进行比较分析。结果表明,羊肚菌菌...为探讨羊肚菌菌柄的营养和应用价值,对2种羊肚菌菌柄的氨基酸、脂肪酸、矿物质元素、多糖、多酚、膳食纤维和部分维生素等含量进行了测定分析,并与羊肚菌全剪柄精品(pileus of Morchellaesculenta,PME)进行比较分析。结果表明,羊肚菌菌柄中富含18种氨基酸,9种药效氨基酸含量占总氨基酸量的60%以上,鲜甜味氨基酸含量与苦味氨基酸含量比值大于2.1,必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的比值(E/T值)大于40%,必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比值(E/N值)高达70%,E/T值和E/N值均高于FAO/WHO理想蛋白质标准。梯棱羊肚菌4号和野生羊肚菌菌柄中不饱和脂肪酸含量分别为79.19%和63.62%,均高于其对应PME中的含量,其中,多不饱和脂肪酸含量显著高于单不饱和脂肪酸含量,以亚油酸为主。羊肚菌菌柄富含矿物质元素,尤其是K、P、Ca、Mg、Zn、Fe,且Zn/Fe和Zn/Cu较为合理。与PME相比,羊肚菌菌柄中的多糖、多酚和烟酸含量有所下降,但仍保持较高的比例,其中,多糖含量保持在PME的50%以上,而羊肚菌菌柄的价格仅为PME的6%左右,可作为一种经济适用的羊肚菌多糖提取原料。综上,羊肚菌菌柄具有较高的营养价值和药用价值,值得进一步深加工和综合开发利用。展开更多
The wild Lepista sordida is a kind of precious and rare edible fungus.An excellent strain of it by artificial domestication was obtained,which was high-yield and high in iron content.In this study,high-throughput comp...The wild Lepista sordida is a kind of precious and rare edible fungus.An excellent strain of it by artificial domestication was obtained,which was high-yield and high in iron content.In this study,high-throughput comparative proteomics was used to reveal the regulatory mechanism of its primordium differentiation in the early fruiting body formation.The mycelium before the primordium differentiation mainly expressed high levels of mitochondrial functional proteins and carbon dioxide concentration regulatory proteins.In young mushrooms,the highly expressed proteins were mainly involved in cell component generation,cell proliferation,nitrogen compound metabolism,nucleotide metabolism,glutathione metabolism,and purine metabolism.The differential regulation patterns of pileus and stipe growth to maturity were also revealed.The highly expressed proteins related to transcription,RNA splicing,the production of various organelles,DNA conformational change,nucleosome organization,protein processing,maturation and transport,and cell detoxification regulated the pileus development and maturity.The proteins related to carbohydrate and energy metabolism,large amounts of obsolete cytoplasmic parts,nutrient deprivation,and external stimuli regulated the stipe development and maturity.Multiple CAZymes regulated nutrient absorption,morphogenesis,spore production,stress response,and other life activities at different growth and development stages.展开更多
The potential of selected Pleurotus ostreatus and P. eryngii wild-type and commercial strains to colonize andproduce carposomes after solid-state fermentation of five substrates constituted of agro-residues namely whe...The potential of selected Pleurotus ostreatus and P. eryngii wild-type and commercial strains to colonize andproduce carposomes after solid-state fermentation of five substrates constituted of agro-residues namely wheatstraw (WS), beech wood shavings (BWS), coffee residue (CR), barley and oats straw (BOS), rice bark (RB),supplemented with wheat bran was investigated. The effect of substrate composition on bioprocess feasibilitywas assessed for the different strains by quantitative (i.e., mushroom yield and Biological Efficiency-BE %) andcarposome qualitative parameters (i.e., weight, size, colour, firmness). P. ostreatus strains produced carposomesearlier than P. eryngii ones. Early fruiting formation was promoted in WS for P. ostreatus strains, whereas forP. eryngii the lowest values of earliness were observed on BOS substrate. As for crop productivity, P. ostreatusstrain AMRL 150 provided the highest BE (>70%) in all substrates except for RB, while P. ostreatus strain AMRL144 achieved the highest yield and BE in BOS and BWS (75.30 and 64.26%, respectively). P. eryngii stainsproduced less number but heavier carposomes. The highest values of BE% for these strains were recorded on WSand BOS substrates. The BE was further correlated to growth parameters of fungal vegetative phase. As formushroom colour, P. ostreatus were lighter than P. eryngii and BOS substrate promoted lightness in both strains.Firmer P. ostreatus mushrooms were produced at CR. No differences in the whiteness and firmness were detectedamong P. eryngii mushrooms and at any substrate used. The data included in this paper showed that Pleurotusmushrooms can be cultivated on low- or zero-value agro-industrial residues of great financial and environmentalimportance towards the production of value-added food products.展开更多
文摘为探讨羊肚菌菌柄的营养和应用价值,对2种羊肚菌菌柄的氨基酸、脂肪酸、矿物质元素、多糖、多酚、膳食纤维和部分维生素等含量进行了测定分析,并与羊肚菌全剪柄精品(pileus of Morchellaesculenta,PME)进行比较分析。结果表明,羊肚菌菌柄中富含18种氨基酸,9种药效氨基酸含量占总氨基酸量的60%以上,鲜甜味氨基酸含量与苦味氨基酸含量比值大于2.1,必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的比值(E/T值)大于40%,必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比值(E/N值)高达70%,E/T值和E/N值均高于FAO/WHO理想蛋白质标准。梯棱羊肚菌4号和野生羊肚菌菌柄中不饱和脂肪酸含量分别为79.19%和63.62%,均高于其对应PME中的含量,其中,多不饱和脂肪酸含量显著高于单不饱和脂肪酸含量,以亚油酸为主。羊肚菌菌柄富含矿物质元素,尤其是K、P、Ca、Mg、Zn、Fe,且Zn/Fe和Zn/Cu较为合理。与PME相比,羊肚菌菌柄中的多糖、多酚和烟酸含量有所下降,但仍保持较高的比例,其中,多糖含量保持在PME的50%以上,而羊肚菌菌柄的价格仅为PME的6%左右,可作为一种经济适用的羊肚菌多糖提取原料。综上,羊肚菌菌柄具有较高的营养价值和药用价值,值得进一步深加工和综合开发利用。
基金funded by the Shandong Edible Fungus Agricultural Technology System(SDAIT-07-02)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32000041 and 32272789)+2 种基金the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(ZR2020QC005)the Qingdao Agricultural University Scientific Research Foundation(6631120076)horizontal project:Breeding and property protection of new varieties of factory produced Hypsizygus marmoreus(20183702012614).
文摘The wild Lepista sordida is a kind of precious and rare edible fungus.An excellent strain of it by artificial domestication was obtained,which was high-yield and high in iron content.In this study,high-throughput comparative proteomics was used to reveal the regulatory mechanism of its primordium differentiation in the early fruiting body formation.The mycelium before the primordium differentiation mainly expressed high levels of mitochondrial functional proteins and carbon dioxide concentration regulatory proteins.In young mushrooms,the highly expressed proteins were mainly involved in cell component generation,cell proliferation,nitrogen compound metabolism,nucleotide metabolism,glutathione metabolism,and purine metabolism.The differential regulation patterns of pileus and stipe growth to maturity were also revealed.The highly expressed proteins related to transcription,RNA splicing,the production of various organelles,DNA conformational change,nucleosome organization,protein processing,maturation and transport,and cell detoxification regulated the pileus development and maturity.The proteins related to carbohydrate and energy metabolism,large amounts of obsolete cytoplasmic parts,nutrient deprivation,and external stimuli regulated the stipe development and maturity.Multiple CAZymes regulated nutrient absorption,morphogenesis,spore production,stress response,and other life activities at different growth and development stages.
文摘The potential of selected Pleurotus ostreatus and P. eryngii wild-type and commercial strains to colonize andproduce carposomes after solid-state fermentation of five substrates constituted of agro-residues namely wheatstraw (WS), beech wood shavings (BWS), coffee residue (CR), barley and oats straw (BOS), rice bark (RB),supplemented with wheat bran was investigated. The effect of substrate composition on bioprocess feasibilitywas assessed for the different strains by quantitative (i.e., mushroom yield and Biological Efficiency-BE %) andcarposome qualitative parameters (i.e., weight, size, colour, firmness). P. ostreatus strains produced carposomesearlier than P. eryngii ones. Early fruiting formation was promoted in WS for P. ostreatus strains, whereas forP. eryngii the lowest values of earliness were observed on BOS substrate. As for crop productivity, P. ostreatusstrain AMRL 150 provided the highest BE (>70%) in all substrates except for RB, while P. ostreatus strain AMRL144 achieved the highest yield and BE in BOS and BWS (75.30 and 64.26%, respectively). P. eryngii stainsproduced less number but heavier carposomes. The highest values of BE% for these strains were recorded on WSand BOS substrates. The BE was further correlated to growth parameters of fungal vegetative phase. As formushroom colour, P. ostreatus were lighter than P. eryngii and BOS substrate promoted lightness in both strains.Firmer P. ostreatus mushrooms were produced at CR. No differences in the whiteness and firmness were detectedamong P. eryngii mushrooms and at any substrate used. The data included in this paper showed that Pleurotusmushrooms can be cultivated on low- or zero-value agro-industrial residues of great financial and environmentalimportance towards the production of value-added food products.
基金Supported by Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (NO. B 0120002) State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiol-ogy, Huazhong Agricultural University
