Based on the extreme value theory, self-affinity, and scale invariance, we studied the temporal and spatial relationship and the variation of water level and established a model of Gumbel-Pareto distribution for desig...Based on the extreme value theory, self-affinity, and scale invariance, we studied the temporal and spatial relationship and the variation of water level and established a model of Gumbel-Pareto distribution for designed flood calculation. The model includes the previous extreme value models, the over-threshold data, and the fractal features shared by previous extreme value models. The model was simplified into a logarithmic normal distribution and a Pareto distribution for specific parameter values, and was used to calculate the designed flood values for the Shanghai Wusong Station in 100- and 1 000-year return periods. The calculated results show that the value of the designed flood height calculated in the Gumbel-Pareto distribution is between those in the Gumbel and Pearson-Ⅲ distributions. The designed flood values in the 100- and 1 000-year return periods of the model were 0.03% and 0.11% lower, respectively, than the Gumbel distribution and 0.06% and 1.54% higher, respectively, than the Pearson-Ⅲ distribution. Compared to the traditional model based solely on extreme probability, the Gumbel-Pareto distribution model could better describe the probabilistic characteristics of extreme marine elements and better use the data.展开更多
In this paper, we propose a new method to estimate the wave height of a specifi c return period based on the Hurst rule and a self-affi ne fractal formula. A detailed description of our proposed model is presented in ...In this paper, we propose a new method to estimate the wave height of a specifi c return period based on the Hurst rule and a self-affi ne fractal formula. A detailed description of our proposed model is presented in this paper. We use the proposed model to analyze wave height data recorded along the coast of Chaolian Island from 1963 to 1989. The results show that the performance of our proposed model in estimating design wave heights is superior to traditional models.展开更多
In this study, the lattice Boltzmann method （LBM） was used to simulate the solute transport in a single rough fracture. The self-affine rough fracture wall was generated with the successive random addition method. T...In this study, the lattice Boltzmann method （LBM） was used to simulate the solute transport in a single rough fracture. The self-affine rough fracture wall was generated with the successive random addition method. The ability of the developed LBM to simulate the solute transport was validated by Taylor dispersion. The effect of fluid velocity on the solute transport in a single rough fracture was investigated using the LBM. The breakthrough curves （BTCs） for continuous injection sources in rough fractures were analyzed and discussed with different Reynolds numbers （Re）. The results show that the rough frac~＇e wall leads to a large fluid velocity gradient across the aperture. Consequently, there is a broad distribution of the immobile region along the rough fracture wall. This distribution of the immobile region is very sensitive to the Re and fracture geometry, and the immobile region is enlarged with the increase of Re and roughness. The concentration of the solute front in the mobile region increases with the Re. Furthermore, the Re and roughness have significant effects on BTCs, and the slow solute molecule exchange between the mobile and immobile regions results in a long breakthrough tail for the rough fracture. This study also demonstrates that the developed LBM can be effective in studying the solute transport in a rough fracture.展开更多
As mass transport mechanisms,the spreading and mixing(dilution) processes of miscible contaminated compounds are fundamental to understanding reactive transport behaviors and transverse dispersion.In this study,the sp...As mass transport mechanisms,the spreading and mixing(dilution) processes of miscible contaminated compounds are fundamental to understanding reactive transport behaviors and transverse dispersion.In this study,the spreading and dilution processes of a miscible contaminated compound in a three-dimensional self-affine rough fracture were simulated with the coupled lattice Boltzmann method(LBM).Moment analysis and the Shannon entropy(dilution index) were employed to analyze the spreading and mixing processes,respectively.The corresponding results showed that the spreading process was anisotropic due to the heterogeneous aperture distribution.A compound was transported faster in a large aperture region than in a small aperture region due to the occurrence of preferential flow.Both the spreading and mixing processes were highly dependent on the fluid flow velocity and molecular diffusion.The calculated results of the dilution index showed that increasing the fluid flow velocity and molecular diffusion coefficient led to a higher increasing rate of the dilution index.展开更多
The strength of rock structures strongly depends inter alia on surface irregularities of rock joints. These irregularities are characterized by a coefficient of joint roughness. For its estimation, visual comparison i...The strength of rock structures strongly depends inter alia on surface irregularities of rock joints. These irregularities are characterized by a coefficient of joint roughness. For its estimation, visual comparison is often used. This is rather a subjective method, therefore, fully computerized image recognition procedures were proposed. However, many of them contain imperfections, some of them even mathematical nonsenses and their application can be very dangerous in technical practice. In this paper, we recommend mathematically correct method of fully automatic estimation of the joint roughness coefficient. This method requires only the Barton profiles as a standard.展开更多
基金Supported by the NSFC-Shandong Joint Fund "Study on the DisasterCausing Mechanism and Disaster Prevention Countermeasures of MultiSource Storm Surges"(No.U1706226)the Program of Promotion Plan for Postgraduates’Educational Quality "Paying More Attention to the Study on the Cultivation Mode of Mathematical Modeling for Engineering Postgraduates"(No.HDJG18007)
文摘Based on the extreme value theory, self-affinity, and scale invariance, we studied the temporal and spatial relationship and the variation of water level and established a model of Gumbel-Pareto distribution for designed flood calculation. The model includes the previous extreme value models, the over-threshold data, and the fractal features shared by previous extreme value models. The model was simplified into a logarithmic normal distribution and a Pareto distribution for specific parameter values, and was used to calculate the designed flood values for the Shanghai Wusong Station in 100- and 1 000-year return periods. The calculated results show that the value of the designed flood height calculated in the Gumbel-Pareto distribution is between those in the Gumbel and Pearson-Ⅲ distributions. The designed flood values in the 100- and 1 000-year return periods of the model were 0.03% and 0.11% lower, respectively, than the Gumbel distribution and 0.06% and 1.54% higher, respectively, than the Pearson-Ⅲ distribution. Compared to the traditional model based solely on extreme probability, the Gumbel-Pareto distribution model could better describe the probabilistic characteristics of extreme marine elements and better use the data.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China’s“Study on Multi-objective Four-layer Nested Probability Model(MOFLNPM)and its Application to Risk Assessment for Coastal Engineering”(No.51379195)the Shandong Province Natural Science“Study on the Risk Assessments and Statistical Analysis of Marine Engineering based on Multi-target Three-level Nested Statistical Model”(No.ZR2013EEM034)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41476078)the Science Research Program of Zhejiang Province(No.2015C34013)
文摘In this paper, we propose a new method to estimate the wave height of a specifi c return period based on the Hurst rule and a self-affi ne fractal formula. A detailed description of our proposed model is presented in this paper. We use the proposed model to analyze wave height data recorded along the coast of Chaolian Island from 1963 to 1989. The results show that the performance of our proposed model in estimating design wave heights is superior to traditional models.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.51079043,41172204,and 51109139)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK2011110)
文摘In this study, the lattice Boltzmann method （LBM） was used to simulate the solute transport in a single rough fracture. The self-affine rough fracture wall was generated with the successive random addition method. The ability of the developed LBM to simulate the solute transport was validated by Taylor dispersion. The effect of fluid velocity on the solute transport in a single rough fracture was investigated using the LBM. The breakthrough curves （BTCs） for continuous injection sources in rough fractures were analyzed and discussed with different Reynolds numbers （Re）. The results show that the rough frac~＇e wall leads to a large fluid velocity gradient across the aperture. Consequently, there is a broad distribution of the immobile region along the rough fracture wall. This distribution of the immobile region is very sensitive to the Re and fracture geometry, and the immobile region is enlarged with the increase of Re and roughness. The concentration of the solute front in the mobile region increases with the Re. Furthermore, the Re and roughness have significant effects on BTCs, and the slow solute molecule exchange between the mobile and immobile regions results in a long breakthrough tail for the rough fracture. This study also demonstrates that the developed LBM can be effective in studying the solute transport in a rough fracture.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41602239)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK20160861)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.2016B05514)the International Postdoctoral Exchange Fellowship Program from the Office of China Postdoctoral Council(Grant No.20150048)the"333 Project"of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BRA2015305)
文摘As mass transport mechanisms,the spreading and mixing(dilution) processes of miscible contaminated compounds are fundamental to understanding reactive transport behaviors and transverse dispersion.In this study,the spreading and dilution processes of a miscible contaminated compound in a three-dimensional self-affine rough fracture were simulated with the coupled lattice Boltzmann method(LBM).Moment analysis and the Shannon entropy(dilution index) were employed to analyze the spreading and mixing processes,respectively.The corresponding results showed that the spreading process was anisotropic due to the heterogeneous aperture distribution.A compound was transported faster in a large aperture region than in a small aperture region due to the occurrence of preferential flow.Both the spreading and mixing processes were highly dependent on the fluid flow velocity and molecular diffusion.The calculated results of the dilution index showed that increasing the fluid flow velocity and molecular diffusion coefficient led to a higher increasing rate of the dilution index.
基金The Project LO1202 by financial means from the Ministry of Education, Youth ； Sports under the National Sustainability Programme I
文摘The strength of rock structures strongly depends inter alia on surface irregularities of rock joints. These irregularities are characterized by a coefficient of joint roughness. For its estimation, visual comparison is often used. This is rather a subjective method, therefore, fully computerized image recognition procedures were proposed. However, many of them contain imperfections, some of them even mathematical nonsenses and their application can be very dangerous in technical practice. In this paper, we recommend mathematically correct method of fully automatic estimation of the joint roughness coefficient. This method requires only the Barton profiles as a standard.
