Data from the Beijing SAFIR 3000 lightning detection system and Doppler radar provided some insights into the three-dimensional lightning structure and evolution of a leading-line and trailing-stratiform (LLTS) meso...Data from the Beijing SAFIR 3000 lightning detection system and Doppler radar provided some insights into the three-dimensional lightning structure and evolution of a leading-line and trailing-stratiform (LLTS) mesoscale convective system (MCS) over Beijing on 31 July 2007. Most of the lightning in the LLTS-MCS was intracloud (IC) lightning, while the mean ratio of positive cloud-to-ground (+CG) lightning to –CG lightning was 1:4, which was higher than the average value from previous studies. The majority of CG lightning occurred in the convective region of the radar echo, particularly at the leading edge of the front. Little IC lightning and little +CG lightning occurred in the stratiform region. The distribution of the CG lightning indicated that the storm had a tilted dipole structure given the wind shear or the tripole charge structure. During the storm’s development, most of the IC lightning occurred at an altitude of ~9.5 km; the lightning rate reached its maximum at 10.5 km, the altitude of IC lightning in the mature stage of the storm. When the thunderstorm began to dissipate, the altitude of the IC lightning decreased gradually. The spatial distribution of lightning was well correlated with the rainfall on the ground, although the peak value of rainfall appeared 75 min later than the peak lightning rate.展开更多
为了解国外电力公司的雷电定位系统建设与技术研发情况,结合近年来日本雷电定位系统的发展动态,对日本雷电定位系统的技术更新、主要雷电定位方法、雷电流观测等方面的最新研究进展进行了总结与分析。主要内容有:(1)总结了雷电定位与防...为了解国外电力公司的雷电定位系统建设与技术研发情况,结合近年来日本雷电定位系统的发展动态,对日本雷电定位系统的技术更新、主要雷电定位方法、雷电流观测等方面的最新研究进展进行了总结与分析。主要内容有:(1)总结了雷电定位与防护(lightning location protection,LLP)系统、雷电定位和跟踪(lightning position and tracking system,LPATS)与SAFIR系统(system de surveillance et d’alerte foudre par interferometrie radioelectrique)的定位原理及技术发展,及其在日本各大电力公司与一般商用服务中的应用现状及探测站分布情况;并对3种雷电定位系统或雷电信息采集系统特性进行了对比分析。(2)调查分析了日本电力中央研究所关于Tokyo Skytree的雷击电流观测、雷击电磁波观测等方面的最新研究进展。由调研结果可知:雷击电流、电磁波以及上行先导的联合试验观测体系可以获取大量雷电活动规律与特征参数,非常有助于揭示雷电发展过程中的基本物理现象,探索并完善上行先导的机理与模型等;随着观测设备及技术的提高,可以获取更准确的数据、更精细的雷电发展过程参数,非常有助于进一步提高雷电定位系统的性能与定位精度,有效促进电网主动防雷技术的发展。展开更多
通过对比分析2008年北京及其周边地区SAFIR(Surveillance et Alerte Foudre par Interferometrie Radiometrique)和ADTD(Advanced TOA and Direction system)两套闪电定位系统观测的地闪资料,结果显示:SAFIR系统探测的正地闪次数、负地...通过对比分析2008年北京及其周边地区SAFIR(Surveillance et Alerte Foudre par Interferometrie Radiometrique)和ADTD(Advanced TOA and Direction system)两套闪电定位系统观测的地闪资料,结果显示:SAFIR系统探测的正地闪次数、负地闪次数均比ADTD系统偏少,但二者探测到正地闪和负地闪的日变化、月变化特征基本一致。SAFIR系统探测的正地闪百分比ADTD高。SAFIR系统的地闪高值区主要在偏南部,而ADTD系统的正地闪电流强度高值区流高值区主要在偏北部,地闪低值区分布基本一致。SAFIR系统探测的正地闪、负地闪电流强度小于ADTD系统的观测值,前者探测的正地闪电流强度日分布中整体比后者小约25 k A,负地闪电流强度日分布则小约10 k A。二者观测的电流强度日变化、月变化变化特征基本一致。ADTD负地闪电流累积概率分布整体和IEEE工作组给出范围较为接近。SAFIR系统探测的正地闪电流强度高值区空间分布较集中,而ADTD系统的空间分布相对较均匀分散。整体而言,两者探测的闪电时间分布特征较为接近,而闪电次数和强度分布特征有差别,对于出现差别的原因有待进一步研究。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No. 40930949)Key Subject Project of Beijing Atmospheric Physics and Environment,the One Hundred Person Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘Data from the Beijing SAFIR 3000 lightning detection system and Doppler radar provided some insights into the three-dimensional lightning structure and evolution of a leading-line and trailing-stratiform (LLTS) mesoscale convective system (MCS) over Beijing on 31 July 2007. Most of the lightning in the LLTS-MCS was intracloud (IC) lightning, while the mean ratio of positive cloud-to-ground (+CG) lightning to –CG lightning was 1:4, which was higher than the average value from previous studies. The majority of CG lightning occurred in the convective region of the radar echo, particularly at the leading edge of the front. Little IC lightning and little +CG lightning occurred in the stratiform region. The distribution of the CG lightning indicated that the storm had a tilted dipole structure given the wind shear or the tripole charge structure. During the storm’s development, most of the IC lightning occurred at an altitude of ~9.5 km; the lightning rate reached its maximum at 10.5 km, the altitude of IC lightning in the mature stage of the storm. When the thunderstorm began to dissipate, the altitude of the IC lightning decreased gradually. The spatial distribution of lightning was well correlated with the rainfall on the ground, although the peak value of rainfall appeared 75 min later than the peak lightning rate.
文摘为了解国外电力公司的雷电定位系统建设与技术研发情况,结合近年来日本雷电定位系统的发展动态,对日本雷电定位系统的技术更新、主要雷电定位方法、雷电流观测等方面的最新研究进展进行了总结与分析。主要内容有:(1)总结了雷电定位与防护(lightning location protection,LLP)系统、雷电定位和跟踪(lightning position and tracking system,LPATS)与SAFIR系统(system de surveillance et d’alerte foudre par interferometrie radioelectrique)的定位原理及技术发展,及其在日本各大电力公司与一般商用服务中的应用现状及探测站分布情况;并对3种雷电定位系统或雷电信息采集系统特性进行了对比分析。(2)调查分析了日本电力中央研究所关于Tokyo Skytree的雷击电流观测、雷击电磁波观测等方面的最新研究进展。由调研结果可知:雷击电流、电磁波以及上行先导的联合试验观测体系可以获取大量雷电活动规律与特征参数,非常有助于揭示雷电发展过程中的基本物理现象,探索并完善上行先导的机理与模型等;随着观测设备及技术的提高,可以获取更准确的数据、更精细的雷电发展过程参数,非常有助于进一步提高雷电定位系统的性能与定位精度,有效促进电网主动防雷技术的发展。
文摘通过对比分析2008年北京及其周边地区SAFIR(Surveillance et Alerte Foudre par Interferometrie Radiometrique)和ADTD(Advanced TOA and Direction system)两套闪电定位系统观测的地闪资料,结果显示:SAFIR系统探测的正地闪次数、负地闪次数均比ADTD系统偏少,但二者探测到正地闪和负地闪的日变化、月变化特征基本一致。SAFIR系统探测的正地闪百分比ADTD高。SAFIR系统的地闪高值区主要在偏南部,而ADTD系统的正地闪电流强度高值区流高值区主要在偏北部,地闪低值区分布基本一致。SAFIR系统探测的正地闪、负地闪电流强度小于ADTD系统的观测值,前者探测的正地闪电流强度日分布中整体比后者小约25 k A,负地闪电流强度日分布则小约10 k A。二者观测的电流强度日变化、月变化变化特征基本一致。ADTD负地闪电流累积概率分布整体和IEEE工作组给出范围较为接近。SAFIR系统探测的正地闪电流强度高值区空间分布较集中,而ADTD系统的空间分布相对较均匀分散。整体而言,两者探测的闪电时间分布特征较为接近,而闪电次数和强度分布特征有差别,对于出现差别的原因有待进一步研究。