Background： With recognition of the important roles of Vitamin D （VitD） in various physiological processes, increasing attention has been drawn to the status of VitD in early life. However, the VitD status of young...Background： With recognition of the important roles of Vitamin D （VitD） in various physiological processes, increasing attention has been drawn to the status of VitD in early life. However, the VitD status of young children and the related factors in rural areas of Southwestern China remain unclear. This study aimed to explore VitD status and its seasonal variation in 18-month-old children living in rural Southwestern China. The association of VitD with biochemical and anthropometric variables was also investigated. Methods： A total of 177 18-month-old children in a rural area of Yunnan Province, Southwestern China, were enrolled. Serum concentrations of 25-hydroxy Vitamin D （25（OH）D） were measured through high-performance liquid chromatogram-tandem mass spectrometry. Parathyroid hormone （PTH） levels were measured with a chemiluminescence assay. Serum concentrations of calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase （ALP） were also measured. Anthropometric data and the outdoor activity time of each participant were collected. Results： The serum 25（OH）D concentration was 26.61 ±7.26 ng/ml; concentrations lower than 30 ng/ml accounted for 70.6% of the participants and concentrations lower than 20 ng/ml accounted for 16.4%. The level of serum 25（OH）D was not significantly different among four seasons （P 〉 0.05）. A positive relationship was found between 25（OH）D concentration and the time of outdoor activities （r = 0.168, P 〈 0.05）. Serum PTH concentration was negatively correlated with 25（OH）D concentration （r - 0.163, P 〈 0.05）. A positive relationship was found between the serum concentrations of 25（OH）D and calcium （r = 0.154, P 〈 0.05）. No significant association was observed between 25（OH）D and ALP, phosphorus, or anthropometric variables. Conclusions： The prevalence of VitD insufficiency is high among young children in the rural Southwestern China regardless of the seasons. VitD supplementation is still essential to maintain VitD suffic展开更多
<span style="font-family:Verdana;"> <strong>Introduction:</strong></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span><span style="font-family:V...<span style="font-family:Verdana;"> <strong>Introduction:</strong></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">In C?te d’Ivoire, despite awareness raising among mothers by health authorities and health care providers, the exclusive breastfeeding rate is still low, 23%. This rate seems even lower in rural areas. The objective of the study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and practices of mothers regarding exclusive breastfeeding for the reduction of malnutrition in rural areas</span></span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. Methods: </span></b><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">This was </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study conducted in Brobo from July to September 2020. It included consenting mothers of infants aged 0 to 24 months. Mothers’ knowledge, attitudes and practice were assessed by an anonymous structured questionnaire with a performance threshold set at 75%. Factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding were investigated by the Chi-square test at the 5% level of significance. </span></span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The average age of the 183 mothers was 25 years (extremes 13 and 49 years). They were primigravida (33%) and had a low socioeconomic level (84%). The mothers knew the definition of exclusive breastfeeding (33%). They knew that breastfeeding promoted ideal infant growth (64%) and protected against diarrhea and infection (18%). They also knew that breastfeeding reduced the mother’s risk of cancer (16%) and strengthened the mother-infant bond (7%). The mothers interviewed stated that they had put the baby to the breast within the first hour after delivery in 2% and 63% of them gave the baby colostrum. Mothers were confident about breastfeeding (91%) and exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months of age represented 9%. The factor associated with lack of knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding was not attending school (OR 展开更多
Background: The last Moroccan population and family health survey (EPSF 2011) was carried out between November 2010 and March 2011. The final report and the whole database are not yet accessible while a preliminary re...Background: The last Moroccan population and family health survey (EPSF 2011) was carried out between November 2010 and March 2011. The final report and the whole database are not yet accessible while a preliminary report was released early March 2012. The information given so far does not allow for a complete evaluation of the present health situation in Morocco. However, a partial equity analysis can be devoted to the comparison of health indicators in terms of gender and urban-rural gaps. Method: 1) Questionnaires: a household questionnaire dealt with household characteristics, general health, housing condition and anthropometric data for children less than six years of age. A second questionnaire was devoted specifically to ever married women and dealt with their resources, marriage, reproductive health, family planning, AIDS/SIDA, healthcare and nutrition. 2) Data collection: data were collected through the national survey using a three-stage stratified sampling design to select 640 clusters covering the 16 Moroccan regions. A total of 15,577 households were randomly drawn, providing a sample of 75,061 individuals (51.1% females and 48.9% males) for investigation. 3) Analysis: in this short report, we relied only on partial data released by the Ministry of Health in a preliminary report. We used absolute differences and relative ratios to study the evolution of gender and urban-rural gaps on the basis of socioeconomic indicators. Results and Discussion: The Moroccan population seems to be in the last phase of its demographic transition. The total fertility rate decreased from 5.6 children per woman in 1980 to 2.5 in 2011. The mean age of first marriage went from 24 years for men and 17.5 years for women in 1960 to 31.5 years and 26.3 in 2011 for men and women respectively. The age structure is showing a trend of ageing population. Generally, health indicators related to reproductive and women’s health improved noticeably and consequently, maternal and infant mortality also decreased. However, while these a展开更多
Background: Preterm birth is common in Morocco and it’s around 8%. Several management rules of taking care of preterm infants have been developed but have not been put into action. The geo-graphical inaccessibility t...Background: Preterm birth is common in Morocco and it’s around 8%. Several management rules of taking care of preterm infants have been developed but have not been put into action. The geo-graphical inaccessibility to specialized hospitals and the weakness of the reception capacity of the care centers hinder the management of the complications associated with preterm birth. Purpose: The present study is designed to present some epidemiological data of preterm births within the Provincial Hospital Center of Missour during 2012 and to discuss the various problems emerging in the management of treatment and care. Materials and Methods: Retrospective study of preterm births in the maternity ward in the Hospital of Missour during 2012. Results: 37 preterm births among 1121 (3.3%) have been analyzed (51.3% severe premature infants, 45.9% late preterm infants and 2.7% extremely premature infants). 64.2% are originally from difficult areas to reach during winter. All mothers have received upon arrival at the maternity a corticosteroid and calcium antagonists (Adalate*) and an antibiotic treatment to those with a positive infectious anamnesis found in half of the women. We have recorded 3 twin pregnancies and 2 gravidic toxemias. Only 21 babies have been given back to their mothers (namely 56.7%). 5 premature infants (namely 13%) have been referred to the university hospital center of Fez (2 respiratory distress, a malformation and 2 severe premature births) given that there is an absence of a specialized care unit at the hospital, knowing that no baby has received neither surfactant nor caffeine at birth. 14 premature babies (namely 37.8%) have been transferred to the pediatric unit with a total death rate of 16.2% (6 premature) mainly related to neonatal infection and to suffering of the hyaline membranes disease. Conclusion: We emphasize the interest of prevention programs which demand an early diagnosis of preterm birth threats and monitoring high-risk pregnancies, improving the medical care given to low-weight prem展开更多
目的:编制适用于农村地区孕产妇的母婴健康素养(maternal and infant health literacy,MIHL)问卷,并在广西灵山县进行应用,为广西壮族自治区农村乃至更广泛的我国农村地区开展有指向性的妇幼健康保健工作提供测评工具和科学依据。方法:...目的:编制适用于农村地区孕产妇的母婴健康素养(maternal and infant health literacy,MIHL)问卷,并在广西灵山县进行应用,为广西壮族自治区农村乃至更广泛的我国农村地区开展有指向性的妇幼健康保健工作提供测评工具和科学依据。方法:通过文献检索和专家讨论,建立MIHL框架体系,并初步确定条目清单,采用德尔菲法确定问卷核心条目。于2022年10月—2023年9月将该问卷应用于灵山县妇幼保健院就诊的1743名孕产妇,同时收集孕产妇的基本信息;采用Cron⁃bach’s α系数和验证性因子分析进行问卷的信效度检验,采用χ^(2)检验对不同组别间MIHL水平进行单因素分析,采用多元logistic回归分析MIHL的影响因素。结果:问卷共包含24个条目,总问卷Cronbach’s α系数为0.719;验证性因子分析结果提示模型拟合良好。应用结果显示,灵山县孕产妇MIHL得分为46分,MIHL具备率为27.25%。多因素分析显示,孕产阶段、产次、文化程度、与配偶关系、与父母关系是MIHL的影响因素。结论:该研究编制的MIHL问卷在农村孕产妇中具备良好的信度和效度,使用该问卷测评得到的灵山县孕产妇MIHL水平较低,需加强健康教育的精准度和实效性,应重点关注孕期阶段、初产、文化程度低、与父母及配偶关系一般的群体。展开更多
文摘Background： With recognition of the important roles of Vitamin D （VitD） in various physiological processes, increasing attention has been drawn to the status of VitD in early life. However, the VitD status of young children and the related factors in rural areas of Southwestern China remain unclear. This study aimed to explore VitD status and its seasonal variation in 18-month-old children living in rural Southwestern China. The association of VitD with biochemical and anthropometric variables was also investigated. Methods： A total of 177 18-month-old children in a rural area of Yunnan Province, Southwestern China, were enrolled. Serum concentrations of 25-hydroxy Vitamin D （25（OH）D） were measured through high-performance liquid chromatogram-tandem mass spectrometry. Parathyroid hormone （PTH） levels were measured with a chemiluminescence assay. Serum concentrations of calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase （ALP） were also measured. Anthropometric data and the outdoor activity time of each participant were collected. Results： The serum 25（OH）D concentration was 26.61 ±7.26 ng/ml; concentrations lower than 30 ng/ml accounted for 70.6% of the participants and concentrations lower than 20 ng/ml accounted for 16.4%. The level of serum 25（OH）D was not significantly different among four seasons （P 〉 0.05）. A positive relationship was found between 25（OH）D concentration and the time of outdoor activities （r = 0.168, P 〈 0.05）. Serum PTH concentration was negatively correlated with 25（OH）D concentration （r - 0.163, P 〈 0.05）. A positive relationship was found between the serum concentrations of 25（OH）D and calcium （r = 0.154, P 〈 0.05）. No significant association was observed between 25（OH）D and ALP, phosphorus, or anthropometric variables. Conclusions： The prevalence of VitD insufficiency is high among young children in the rural Southwestern China regardless of the seasons. VitD supplementation is still essential to maintain VitD suffic
文摘<span style="font-family:Verdana;"> <strong>Introduction:</strong></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">In C?te d’Ivoire, despite awareness raising among mothers by health authorities and health care providers, the exclusive breastfeeding rate is still low, 23%. This rate seems even lower in rural areas. The objective of the study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and practices of mothers regarding exclusive breastfeeding for the reduction of malnutrition in rural areas</span></span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. Methods: </span></b><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">This was </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study conducted in Brobo from July to September 2020. It included consenting mothers of infants aged 0 to 24 months. Mothers’ knowledge, attitudes and practice were assessed by an anonymous structured questionnaire with a performance threshold set at 75%. Factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding were investigated by the Chi-square test at the 5% level of significance. </span></span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The average age of the 183 mothers was 25 years (extremes 13 and 49 years). They were primigravida (33%) and had a low socioeconomic level (84%). The mothers knew the definition of exclusive breastfeeding (33%). They knew that breastfeeding promoted ideal infant growth (64%) and protected against diarrhea and infection (18%). They also knew that breastfeeding reduced the mother’s risk of cancer (16%) and strengthened the mother-infant bond (7%). The mothers interviewed stated that they had put the baby to the breast within the first hour after delivery in 2% and 63% of them gave the baby colostrum. Mothers were confident about breastfeeding (91%) and exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months of age represented 9%. The factor associated with lack of knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding was not attending school (OR
文摘Background: The last Moroccan population and family health survey (EPSF 2011) was carried out between November 2010 and March 2011. The final report and the whole database are not yet accessible while a preliminary report was released early March 2012. The information given so far does not allow for a complete evaluation of the present health situation in Morocco. However, a partial equity analysis can be devoted to the comparison of health indicators in terms of gender and urban-rural gaps. Method: 1) Questionnaires: a household questionnaire dealt with household characteristics, general health, housing condition and anthropometric data for children less than six years of age. A second questionnaire was devoted specifically to ever married women and dealt with their resources, marriage, reproductive health, family planning, AIDS/SIDA, healthcare and nutrition. 2) Data collection: data were collected through the national survey using a three-stage stratified sampling design to select 640 clusters covering the 16 Moroccan regions. A total of 15,577 households were randomly drawn, providing a sample of 75,061 individuals (51.1% females and 48.9% males) for investigation. 3) Analysis: in this short report, we relied only on partial data released by the Ministry of Health in a preliminary report. We used absolute differences and relative ratios to study the evolution of gender and urban-rural gaps on the basis of socioeconomic indicators. Results and Discussion: The Moroccan population seems to be in the last phase of its demographic transition. The total fertility rate decreased from 5.6 children per woman in 1980 to 2.5 in 2011. The mean age of first marriage went from 24 years for men and 17.5 years for women in 1960 to 31.5 years and 26.3 in 2011 for men and women respectively. The age structure is showing a trend of ageing population. Generally, health indicators related to reproductive and women’s health improved noticeably and consequently, maternal and infant mortality also decreased. However, while these a
文摘Background: Preterm birth is common in Morocco and it’s around 8%. Several management rules of taking care of preterm infants have been developed but have not been put into action. The geo-graphical inaccessibility to specialized hospitals and the weakness of the reception capacity of the care centers hinder the management of the complications associated with preterm birth. Purpose: The present study is designed to present some epidemiological data of preterm births within the Provincial Hospital Center of Missour during 2012 and to discuss the various problems emerging in the management of treatment and care. Materials and Methods: Retrospective study of preterm births in the maternity ward in the Hospital of Missour during 2012. Results: 37 preterm births among 1121 (3.3%) have been analyzed (51.3% severe premature infants, 45.9% late preterm infants and 2.7% extremely premature infants). 64.2% are originally from difficult areas to reach during winter. All mothers have received upon arrival at the maternity a corticosteroid and calcium antagonists (Adalate*) and an antibiotic treatment to those with a positive infectious anamnesis found in half of the women. We have recorded 3 twin pregnancies and 2 gravidic toxemias. Only 21 babies have been given back to their mothers (namely 56.7%). 5 premature infants (namely 13%) have been referred to the university hospital center of Fez (2 respiratory distress, a malformation and 2 severe premature births) given that there is an absence of a specialized care unit at the hospital, knowing that no baby has received neither surfactant nor caffeine at birth. 14 premature babies (namely 37.8%) have been transferred to the pediatric unit with a total death rate of 16.2% (6 premature) mainly related to neonatal infection and to suffering of the hyaline membranes disease. Conclusion: We emphasize the interest of prevention programs which demand an early diagnosis of preterm birth threats and monitoring high-risk pregnancies, improving the medical care given to low-weight prem
文摘目的:编制适用于农村地区孕产妇的母婴健康素养(maternal and infant health literacy,MIHL)问卷,并在广西灵山县进行应用,为广西壮族自治区农村乃至更广泛的我国农村地区开展有指向性的妇幼健康保健工作提供测评工具和科学依据。方法:通过文献检索和专家讨论,建立MIHL框架体系,并初步确定条目清单,采用德尔菲法确定问卷核心条目。于2022年10月—2023年9月将该问卷应用于灵山县妇幼保健院就诊的1743名孕产妇,同时收集孕产妇的基本信息;采用Cron⁃bach’s α系数和验证性因子分析进行问卷的信效度检验,采用χ^(2)检验对不同组别间MIHL水平进行单因素分析,采用多元logistic回归分析MIHL的影响因素。结果:问卷共包含24个条目,总问卷Cronbach’s α系数为0.719;验证性因子分析结果提示模型拟合良好。应用结果显示,灵山县孕产妇MIHL得分为46分,MIHL具备率为27.25%。多因素分析显示,孕产阶段、产次、文化程度、与配偶关系、与父母关系是MIHL的影响因素。结论:该研究编制的MIHL问卷在农村孕产妇中具备良好的信度和效度,使用该问卷测评得到的灵山县孕产妇MIHL水平较低,需加强健康教育的精准度和实效性,应重点关注孕期阶段、初产、文化程度低、与父母及配偶关系一般的群体。
