Psychological depression is drawing accumulating attention nowadays, due to the skyrocketing incidence worldwide and the enormous burdens it incurs. Physical exercise has been long recog- nized for its therapeutic eff...Psychological depression is drawing accumulating attention nowadays, due to the skyrocketing incidence worldwide and the enormous burdens it incurs. Physical exercise has been long recog- nized for its therapeutic effects on depressive disorders, although knowledge of the underlying mechanisms remains limited. Suppressed hippocampal neurogenesis in adult brains has been regarded, at least partly, contributive to depression, whereas physical exercise that restores neuro- genesis accordingly exerts the anti-depressive action. Several recent publications have suggested the potential role of adiponectin, a protein hormone secreted by peripheral mature adipocytes, in mediating physical exercise-triggered enhancement of hippocampal neurogenesis and alleviation of depression. Here, we briefly review these novel findings and discuss the possibility of counter- acting depression by modulating adiponectin signaling in the hippocampus with interventions including physical exercise and administration of pharmacological agents.展开更多
Spinal cord injury necessitates effective rehabilitation strategies, with exercise therapies showing promise in promoting recovery. This study investigated the impact of rehabilitation exercise on functional recovery ...Spinal cord injury necessitates effective rehabilitation strategies, with exercise therapies showing promise in promoting recovery. This study investigated the impact of rehabilitation exercise on functional recovery and morphological changes following thoracic contusive spinal cord injury. After a 7-day recovery period after spinal cord injury, mice were assigned to either a trained group(10 weeks of voluntary running wheel or forced treadmill exercise) or an untrained group. Bi-weekly assessments revealed that the exercise-trained group, particularly the voluntary wheel exercise subgroup, displayed significantly improved locomotor recovery, more plasticity of dopaminergic and serotonin modulation compared with the untrained group. Additionally, exercise interventions led to gait pattern restoration and enhanced transcranial magnetic motor-evoked potentials. Despite consistent injury areas across groups, exercise training promoted terminal innervation of descending axons. In summary, voluntary wheel exercise shows promise for enhancing outcomes after thoracic contusive spinal cord injury, emphasizing the role of exercise modality in promoting recovery and morphological changes in spinal cord injuries. Our findings will influence future strategies for rehabilitation exercises, restoring functional movement after spinal cord injury.展开更多
Oxygen uptake(V O_(2))was measured during a non-exhaustive high-intensity intermittent cross-exercise(HIICE)protocol consisting of four alternating bouts of 20 s running(R)and three bouts of bicycle exercise(BE)at~160...Oxygen uptake(V O_(2))was measured during a non-exhaustive high-intensity intermittent cross-exercise(HIICE)protocol consisting of four alternating bouts of 20 s running(R)and three bouts of bicycle exercise(BE)at~160%and~170%maximal oxygen uptake(V O_(2)max),respectively,with 10 s between-bout rests(sequence R-BE-R-BER-BE-R).The V O_(2) during the last BE([52.2±5.0]mL⋅kg^(-1)⋅min^(-1))was significantly higher than the V O_(2)max of the BE([48.0±5.4]mL⋅kg^(-1)⋅min^(-1),n=30)and similar to that of running.For clarifying the underlying mechanisms,a corresponding HIICE-protocol with BE and arm cranking ergometer exercise(AC)was used(sequence AC-AC-BE-AC-BE-AC-AC-BE).In some experiments,thigh blood flow was occluded by a cuff around the upper thigh.Without occlusion,the V O_(2) during the AC([39.2±7.1]mL⋅kg^(-1)⋅min^(-1)[6th bout])was significantly higher than the V O_(2)max of AC([30.2±4.4]mL⋅kg^(-1)⋅min^(-1),n=7).With occlusion,the corresponding V O_(2)([29.8±3.9]mL⋅kg^(-1)⋅min^(-1))was reduced to that of the V O_(2)max of AC and significantly less than the V O_(2) without occlusion.These findings suggest that during the last bouts of HIICE may exceed the of the specific exercise,probably because it is a summation of the V O_(2) for the ongoing exercise plus excess post-oxygen consumption(EPOC)produced by the previous exercise with a higher V O_(2)max.展开更多
基金supported by Hong Kong Health and Medical Research FundLeading Talents of Guangdong(2013)+3 种基金Programme of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities(B14036)Project of International,as well as Hong Kong,Macao&Taiwan Science and Technology Cooperation Innovation Platform in Universities in Guangdong Province,China(2013gjhz0002)grants to Jinan University Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Cooperation and Innovation Center for Tissue Regeneration and RepairState Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology,Hong Kong SAR,China
文摘Psychological depression is drawing accumulating attention nowadays, due to the skyrocketing incidence worldwide and the enormous burdens it incurs. Physical exercise has been long recog- nized for its therapeutic effects on depressive disorders, although knowledge of the underlying mechanisms remains limited. Suppressed hippocampal neurogenesis in adult brains has been regarded, at least partly, contributive to depression, whereas physical exercise that restores neuro- genesis accordingly exerts the anti-depressive action. Several recent publications have suggested the potential role of adiponectin, a protein hormone secreted by peripheral mature adipocytes, in mediating physical exercise-triggered enhancement of hippocampal neurogenesis and alleviation of depression. Here, we briefly review these novel findings and discuss the possibility of counter- acting depression by modulating adiponectin signaling in the hippocampus with interventions including physical exercise and administration of pharmacological agents.
基金supported by the NIH (R01NS103481, R01NS111776, and R01NS131489)Indiana Department of Health (ISDH58180)(all to WW)。
文摘Spinal cord injury necessitates effective rehabilitation strategies, with exercise therapies showing promise in promoting recovery. This study investigated the impact of rehabilitation exercise on functional recovery and morphological changes following thoracic contusive spinal cord injury. After a 7-day recovery period after spinal cord injury, mice were assigned to either a trained group(10 weeks of voluntary running wheel or forced treadmill exercise) or an untrained group. Bi-weekly assessments revealed that the exercise-trained group, particularly the voluntary wheel exercise subgroup, displayed significantly improved locomotor recovery, more plasticity of dopaminergic and serotonin modulation compared with the untrained group. Additionally, exercise interventions led to gait pattern restoration and enhanced transcranial magnetic motor-evoked potentials. Despite consistent injury areas across groups, exercise training promoted terminal innervation of descending axons. In summary, voluntary wheel exercise shows promise for enhancing outcomes after thoracic contusive spinal cord injury, emphasizing the role of exercise modality in promoting recovery and morphological changes in spinal cord injuries. Our findings will influence future strategies for rehabilitation exercises, restoring functional movement after spinal cord injury.
基金supported in part by a KAKENHI Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research 26560406 from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Sciences.
文摘Oxygen uptake(V O_(2))was measured during a non-exhaustive high-intensity intermittent cross-exercise(HIICE)protocol consisting of four alternating bouts of 20 s running(R)and three bouts of bicycle exercise(BE)at~160%and~170%maximal oxygen uptake(V O_(2)max),respectively,with 10 s between-bout rests(sequence R-BE-R-BER-BE-R).The V O_(2) during the last BE([52.2±5.0]mL⋅kg^(-1)⋅min^(-1))was significantly higher than the V O_(2)max of the BE([48.0±5.4]mL⋅kg^(-1)⋅min^(-1),n=30)and similar to that of running.For clarifying the underlying mechanisms,a corresponding HIICE-protocol with BE and arm cranking ergometer exercise(AC)was used(sequence AC-AC-BE-AC-BE-AC-AC-BE).In some experiments,thigh blood flow was occluded by a cuff around the upper thigh.Without occlusion,the V O_(2) during the AC([39.2±7.1]mL⋅kg^(-1)⋅min^(-1)[6th bout])was significantly higher than the V O_(2)max of AC([30.2±4.4]mL⋅kg^(-1)⋅min^(-1),n=7).With occlusion,the corresponding V O_(2)([29.8±3.9]mL⋅kg^(-1)⋅min^(-1))was reduced to that of the V O_(2)max of AC and significantly less than the V O_(2) without occlusion.These findings suggest that during the last bouts of HIICE may exceed the of the specific exercise,probably because it is a summation of the V O_(2) for the ongoing exercise plus excess post-oxygen consumption(EPOC)produced by the previous exercise with a higher V O_(2)max.
