随着镍合金电子束焊接在工业中的大量应用,尤其是在航空发动机和燃气轮机等关键长寿命服役设备中的使用,有必要对镍合金电子束焊接接头的高周疲劳属性和断裂机理进行系统的分析研究。作者利用旋转弯曲高周疲劳试验机进行疲劳试验,获得...随着镍合金电子束焊接在工业中的大量应用,尤其是在航空发动机和燃气轮机等关键长寿命服役设备中的使用,有必要对镍合金电子束焊接接头的高周疲劳属性和断裂机理进行系统的分析研究。作者利用旋转弯曲高周疲劳试验机进行疲劳试验,获得了母材和焊接接头的应力–寿命(S–N)曲线和疲劳断口,同时利用扫描电镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)对疲劳断口进行了微观特征分析,确定了母材和焊接接头在不同应力幅下的疲劳裂纹萌生区和扩展区,分析了裂纹萌生区位置与应力幅的关系。最后,利用有限元分析了焊接接头热影响区微裂纹位置与大小对材料疲劳性能的影响。从现有的试验和模拟结果可以得到:1)母材和电子束焊接接头应力–寿命(S–N)曲线分布趋势一致,但焊接接头疲劳强度要低于母材,在靠近107周次时,两者疲劳强度差距最小;2)在高应力幅(低周疲劳寿命阶段),母材和焊接接头的疲劳裂纹均起源于试件表面并且都是多点萌生断裂,焊接接头疲劳断口位置位于焊接熔合区或热影响区;3)在低应力幅(高周疲劳寿命阶段),疲劳裂纹在试件次表面萌生,焊接接头疲劳断口位于热影响区或焊接母材靠近热影响区;4)通过有限元模拟发现微裂纹的存在有利于裂纹的扩展。在拉应力作用下,横向微裂纹更优于纵向微裂纹沿着应力方向进行裂纹扩展;随着微裂纹尺寸增大,微裂纹间更易于相互贯通,形成更长的裂纹,从而降低了材料的疲劳性能。综上可知,电子束焊接仅仅影响材料的疲劳强度。疲劳断裂机理和母材一致都为穿晶解理断裂,疲劳裂纹萌生区域位置也和母材一样都受应力幅的直接影响。展开更多
借助SEM-EDS分析1 950 MPa级汽车用悬架弹簧钢丝硅脱氧55SiCr钢的旋转弯曲疲劳断口中疲劳源宏观夹杂物的尺寸、距表面距离与成分。利用FEI Explorer 4自动扫描电镜对硅脱氧55SiCr盘条内生夹杂物成分分布进行检测统计,对比分析认为疲劳...借助SEM-EDS分析1 950 MPa级汽车用悬架弹簧钢丝硅脱氧55SiCr钢的旋转弯曲疲劳断口中疲劳源宏观夹杂物的尺寸、距表面距离与成分。利用FEI Explorer 4自动扫描电镜对硅脱氧55SiCr盘条内生夹杂物成分分布进行检测统计,对比分析认为疲劳断口宏观夹杂物主要是外来夹杂物。通过采用盘条凝固枝晶显示方法,判断了这些外来夹杂物在连铸坯上的分布特点。研究结果表明:外来夹杂物主要来自于结晶器保护渣卷入、水口耐材和中间包渣线耐材的侵蚀剥落;疲劳断口上的外来夹杂物在铸坯中主要分布在大方坯内弧角部位置。展开更多
Vacuum pressurizing casting technique, providing better mould filling and inter-dendritic feeding, can reduce the porosity greatly in cast aluminum alloys, and improve the fatigue properties. The rotary bending fatigu...Vacuum pressurizing casting technique, providing better mould filling and inter-dendritic feeding, can reduce the porosity greatly in cast aluminum alloys, and improve the fatigue properties. The rotary bending fatigue properties of A356-T6 alloys prepared by vacuum pressurizing casting were investigated. The S-N curve and limit strength 90 MPa under fatigue life of 107 cycles were obtained. The analyses on the fatigue fractography and microstructure of specimens showed that the fatigue fracture mainly occurs at the positions with casting defects in the subsurface, especially at porosities regions, which attributed to the crack propagation during the fatigue fracture process. Using the empirical crack propagation law of Pairs-Erdogon, the quantitative relationship among the initial crack size, fatigue life and applied stress was established. The fatigue life decreases with an increase in initial crack size. Two constants in the Pairs-Erdogon equation of aluminum alloy A356-T6 were calculated using the experimental data.展开更多
文摘随着镍合金电子束焊接在工业中的大量应用,尤其是在航空发动机和燃气轮机等关键长寿命服役设备中的使用,有必要对镍合金电子束焊接接头的高周疲劳属性和断裂机理进行系统的分析研究。作者利用旋转弯曲高周疲劳试验机进行疲劳试验,获得了母材和焊接接头的应力–寿命(S–N)曲线和疲劳断口,同时利用扫描电镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)对疲劳断口进行了微观特征分析,确定了母材和焊接接头在不同应力幅下的疲劳裂纹萌生区和扩展区,分析了裂纹萌生区位置与应力幅的关系。最后,利用有限元分析了焊接接头热影响区微裂纹位置与大小对材料疲劳性能的影响。从现有的试验和模拟结果可以得到:1)母材和电子束焊接接头应力–寿命(S–N)曲线分布趋势一致,但焊接接头疲劳强度要低于母材,在靠近107周次时,两者疲劳强度差距最小;2)在高应力幅(低周疲劳寿命阶段),母材和焊接接头的疲劳裂纹均起源于试件表面并且都是多点萌生断裂,焊接接头疲劳断口位置位于焊接熔合区或热影响区;3)在低应力幅(高周疲劳寿命阶段),疲劳裂纹在试件次表面萌生,焊接接头疲劳断口位于热影响区或焊接母材靠近热影响区;4)通过有限元模拟发现微裂纹的存在有利于裂纹的扩展。在拉应力作用下,横向微裂纹更优于纵向微裂纹沿着应力方向进行裂纹扩展;随着微裂纹尺寸增大,微裂纹间更易于相互贯通,形成更长的裂纹,从而降低了材料的疲劳性能。综上可知,电子束焊接仅仅影响材料的疲劳强度。疲劳断裂机理和母材一致都为穿晶解理断裂,疲劳裂纹萌生区域位置也和母材一样都受应力幅的直接影响。
文摘借助SEM-EDS分析1 950 MPa级汽车用悬架弹簧钢丝硅脱氧55SiCr钢的旋转弯曲疲劳断口中疲劳源宏观夹杂物的尺寸、距表面距离与成分。利用FEI Explorer 4自动扫描电镜对硅脱氧55SiCr盘条内生夹杂物成分分布进行检测统计,对比分析认为疲劳断口宏观夹杂物主要是外来夹杂物。通过采用盘条凝固枝晶显示方法,判断了这些外来夹杂物在连铸坯上的分布特点。研究结果表明:外来夹杂物主要来自于结晶器保护渣卷入、水口耐材和中间包渣线耐材的侵蚀剥落;疲劳断口上的外来夹杂物在铸坯中主要分布在大方坯内弧角部位置。
基金financially supported by the National Basic Research"973"Program of China(2011CB610406)the National Natural Science Foundation for the Major International(Regional)Joint Research Project(51420105005)
文摘Vacuum pressurizing casting technique, providing better mould filling and inter-dendritic feeding, can reduce the porosity greatly in cast aluminum alloys, and improve the fatigue properties. The rotary bending fatigue properties of A356-T6 alloys prepared by vacuum pressurizing casting were investigated. The S-N curve and limit strength 90 MPa under fatigue life of 107 cycles were obtained. The analyses on the fatigue fractography and microstructure of specimens showed that the fatigue fracture mainly occurs at the positions with casting defects in the subsurface, especially at porosities regions, which attributed to the crack propagation during the fatigue fracture process. Using the empirical crack propagation law of Pairs-Erdogon, the quantitative relationship among the initial crack size, fatigue life and applied stress was established. The fatigue life decreases with an increase in initial crack size. Two constants in the Pairs-Erdogon equation of aluminum alloy A356-T6 were calculated using the experimental data.
