冬季乌拉尔山地区阻塞高压(以下简称乌山阻高)是引发东亚地区寒潮天气的重要天气系统,研究其动力机制可为实际业务工作中的极端低温事件的预测提供更多的理论参考。本文利用美国国家环境预测中心-能源部(National Centre from Environme...冬季乌拉尔山地区阻塞高压(以下简称乌山阻高)是引发东亚地区寒潮天气的重要天气系统,研究其动力机制可为实际业务工作中的极端低温事件的预测提供更多的理论参考。本文利用美国国家环境预测中心-能源部(National Centre from Environmental Prediction-Department of Energy,NCEP-DOE)的再分析数据,采用天气学方法从1979-2018年40个冬季中甄选出21次短中(生命期5~7天)及14次长生命期(生命期等于或大于8天)乌山阻高,对比分析两类阻高过程中定常热(v*T*)、动量(u*v*)通量的输送特征,结果表明:(1)冬季长生命期阻高期间60°N附近v*T*的辐合量及u*v*输送量显著大于短中生命期的,说明定常热、动量输送对阻高的长时间维持有重要作用。且长生命期阻高期间对流层上层(300~150 hPa)20°N-40°N区域u*v*向北输送,短中生命期的则向南输送,说明副热带急流向中纬度输送u*v*为阻高长时间维持提供动量补充。同时冬季长生命期阻高期间70°N极锋急流偏弱,为阻高延长生命期,扩大范围提供有利条件。(2)定常热、动量通量在对流层中上层各层次上的分布也有显著不同。各层次上的v*T*及u*v*的输送都是通过阻高激发的Rossby波波列完成的。对流层中上层(500~300 hPa)乌山阻高关键区西北-东南域定常动量通量向极补充输送是阻高长时间维持的关键。展开更多
In November 2020,the eastern Arctic experienced an extensive extreme warm anomaly(i.e.,the second strongest case since 1979),which was followed by extreme cold conditions over East Asia in early winter.The observed Ar...In November 2020,the eastern Arctic experienced an extensive extreme warm anomaly(i.e.,the second strongest case since 1979),which was followed by extreme cold conditions over East Asia in early winter.The observed Arctic warm anomaly in November 2020 was able to extend upwards to the upper troposphere,characterized as a deep Arctic warm anomaly.In autumn 2020,substantial Arctic sea-ice loss that exceeded the record held since1979,accompanied by increased upward turbulent heat flux,was able to strongly warm the Arctic.Furthermore,there was abundant northward moisture transport into the Arctic from the North Atlantic,which was the strongest in the past four decades.This extreme moisture intrusion was able to enhance the downward longwave radiation and strongly contribute to the warm conditions in the Arctic.Further analysis indicated that the remote moisture intrusion into the Arctic was promoted by the large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns,such as the wave train propagating from the midlatitude North Atlantic to the Arctic.This process may have been linked to the warmer sea surface temperature in the midlatitude North Atlantic.展开更多
By using a linear baroclinic model(LBM),this study investigates the different Rossby wave train(RWT)patterns associated with the Tibetan Plateau(TP)upper-atmospheric heat source(TPUHS)that is anomalously shallower and...By using a linear baroclinic model(LBM),this study investigates the different Rossby wave train(RWT)patterns associated with the Tibetan Plateau(TP)upper-atmospheric heat source(TPUHS)that is anomalously shallower and deeper in boreal summer.Observational results indicate the different RWT patterns between the developing and decaying periods of synoptic TPUHS events,when the anomalous TPUHS develops from a relatively shallower to a deeper TP heat source.Based on the different vertical heating profiles between these two periods in observation,this study forces the LBM with prescribed TPUHS profiles to mimic a shallower and deeper summer TP heat source.The results show that the atmospheric responses to a shallower and deeper TPUHS do exhibit different RWT patterns that largely resemble those in observation.Namely,corresponding RWT pattern to a shallower TPUHS stretches from the TP to the west coast of America,while that to a deeper TPUHS extends from the TP region to Alaska.展开更多
文摘冬季乌拉尔山地区阻塞高压(以下简称乌山阻高)是引发东亚地区寒潮天气的重要天气系统,研究其动力机制可为实际业务工作中的极端低温事件的预测提供更多的理论参考。本文利用美国国家环境预测中心-能源部(National Centre from Environmental Prediction-Department of Energy,NCEP-DOE)的再分析数据,采用天气学方法从1979-2018年40个冬季中甄选出21次短中(生命期5~7天)及14次长生命期(生命期等于或大于8天)乌山阻高,对比分析两类阻高过程中定常热(v*T*)、动量(u*v*)通量的输送特征,结果表明:(1)冬季长生命期阻高期间60°N附近v*T*的辐合量及u*v*输送量显著大于短中生命期的,说明定常热、动量输送对阻高的长时间维持有重要作用。且长生命期阻高期间对流层上层(300~150 hPa)20°N-40°N区域u*v*向北输送,短中生命期的则向南输送,说明副热带急流向中纬度输送u*v*为阻高长时间维持提供动量补充。同时冬季长生命期阻高期间70°N极锋急流偏弱,为阻高延长生命期,扩大范围提供有利条件。(2)定常热、动量通量在对流层中上层各层次上的分布也有显著不同。各层次上的v*T*及u*v*的输送都是通过阻高激发的Rossby波波列完成的。对流层中上层(500~300 hPa)乌山阻高关键区西北-东南域定常动量通量向极补充输送是阻高长时间维持的关键。
基金supported by the Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research [grant number 2020B0301030004]the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant numbers 42025502 and 41875118]+1 种基金the Research Council of Norway project BASIC [grant number 325440]the State Scholarship Fund of the China Scholarship Council [grant number 202109045003]
文摘In November 2020,the eastern Arctic experienced an extensive extreme warm anomaly(i.e.,the second strongest case since 1979),which was followed by extreme cold conditions over East Asia in early winter.The observed Arctic warm anomaly in November 2020 was able to extend upwards to the upper troposphere,characterized as a deep Arctic warm anomaly.In autumn 2020,substantial Arctic sea-ice loss that exceeded the record held since1979,accompanied by increased upward turbulent heat flux,was able to strongly warm the Arctic.Furthermore,there was abundant northward moisture transport into the Arctic from the North Atlantic,which was the strongest in the past four decades.This extreme moisture intrusion was able to enhance the downward longwave radiation and strongly contribute to the warm conditions in the Arctic.Further analysis indicated that the remote moisture intrusion into the Arctic was promoted by the large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns,such as the wave train propagating from the midlatitude North Atlantic to the Arctic.This process may have been linked to the warmer sea surface temperature in the midlatitude North Atlantic.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences [grant number XDA17010105]the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant numbers 91437105,41430533,and 41575041]the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences [grant number QYZDY-SSW-DQC018]
文摘By using a linear baroclinic model(LBM),this study investigates the different Rossby wave train(RWT)patterns associated with the Tibetan Plateau(TP)upper-atmospheric heat source(TPUHS)that is anomalously shallower and deeper in boreal summer.Observational results indicate the different RWT patterns between the developing and decaying periods of synoptic TPUHS events,when the anomalous TPUHS develops from a relatively shallower to a deeper TP heat source.Based on the different vertical heating profiles between these two periods in observation,this study forces the LBM with prescribed TPUHS profiles to mimic a shallower and deeper summer TP heat source.The results show that the atmospheric responses to a shallower and deeper TPUHS do exhibit different RWT patterns that largely resemble those in observation.Namely,corresponding RWT pattern to a shallower TPUHS stretches from the TP to the west coast of America,while that to a deeper TPUHS extends from the TP region to Alaska.
