[目的]采用决策试用和评估实验室分析法(Decision Making And Trial Evaluation Laboratory, DEMATEL)对新冠疫情常态化防控期间医院感染风险因素进行分析。[方法]成立研究小组,采取5M1E理论和专家咨询法对文献研究获得的新冠疫情常态...[目的]采用决策试用和评估实验室分析法(Decision Making And Trial Evaluation Laboratory, DEMATEL)对新冠疫情常态化防控期间医院感染风险因素进行分析。[方法]成立研究小组,采取5M1E理论和专家咨询法对文献研究获得的新冠疫情常态化防控期间医院感染风险因素进行分析,构建风险因素的直接影响矩阵,再通过DEMATEL方法对因素间关系进行计算。[结果]研究获得医院感染风险因素27项,通过DEMATEL方法识别出12个原因因素和15个结果因素,影响因素中有8个因素的原因度和中心度均较高,对体系的影响力最大,是整个系统中的驱动要素,分别为人力配置、培训考核、感控理念、感控标准、一体防控、监督机制、绩效考核、科研教学。[结论]DEMATEL方法可作为分析新冠疫情常态化防控期间医院感染风险因素及制定改进措施的有效方法。展开更多
Background: Human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B and C viruses are endemic in sub- Saharan African countries including Nigeria. Researchers have studied the burden of co-infection of HIV with hepatitis B and h...Background: Human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B and C viruses are endemic in sub- Saharan African countries including Nigeria. Researchers have studied the burden of co-infection of HIV with hepatitis B and hepatitis C but the risk factors and clinical presentation have not been much addressed especially in children. Methodology: This was a prospective cross sectional study that determined the prevalence, risk factors, clinical features, baseline CD4<sup>+</sup> count, CD4<sup>+</sup> percentage, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) of newly diagnosed, HAART na?ve HIV co-infection among children who were managed at a Tertiary Hospital in Ilorin, Nigeria. Result: Of the 60 HIV- infected children recruited, 11.7% had HIV co-infection with HBV or HCV. Children with co-infec- tions (mean age 8.43 ± 2.37 years) were significantly older than their HIV mono-infected counterparts (mean age 5.25 ± 3.96 years) (p = 0.011). There was no significant difference between HIV monoinfection and HIV co-infection with respect to gender (p = 0.758), ethnicity (p = 0.707), religion of parents (p = 0.436), family type (p = 0.184), social class (p = 0.535), previous transfusion (p = 0.053), scarification (p = 0.612), female genital mutilation (p = 0.778), and sharing of clippers (p = 0.806). The mean BMI, immunological staging (p = 0.535), baseline ALT (p = 0.940), and mean baseline CD4<sup>+</sup> count (p = 0.928) were comparable. However, the body mass index of HIV co-infec- ted children decreased with age up till age 10 years. Conclusion: There were no risk factors, nor clinical features predictive of co-infection identified in this study. Co-infection did not negatively impact baseline, CD4<sup>+</sup> count and ALT.展开更多
文摘[目的]采用决策试用和评估实验室分析法(Decision Making And Trial Evaluation Laboratory, DEMATEL)对新冠疫情常态化防控期间医院感染风险因素进行分析。[方法]成立研究小组,采取5M1E理论和专家咨询法对文献研究获得的新冠疫情常态化防控期间医院感染风险因素进行分析,构建风险因素的直接影响矩阵,再通过DEMATEL方法对因素间关系进行计算。[结果]研究获得医院感染风险因素27项,通过DEMATEL方法识别出12个原因因素和15个结果因素,影响因素中有8个因素的原因度和中心度均较高,对体系的影响力最大,是整个系统中的驱动要素,分别为人力配置、培训考核、感控理念、感控标准、一体防控、监督机制、绩效考核、科研教学。[结论]DEMATEL方法可作为分析新冠疫情常态化防控期间医院感染风险因素及制定改进措施的有效方法。
文摘Background: Human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B and C viruses are endemic in sub- Saharan African countries including Nigeria. Researchers have studied the burden of co-infection of HIV with hepatitis B and hepatitis C but the risk factors and clinical presentation have not been much addressed especially in children. Methodology: This was a prospective cross sectional study that determined the prevalence, risk factors, clinical features, baseline CD4<sup>+</sup> count, CD4<sup>+</sup> percentage, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) of newly diagnosed, HAART na?ve HIV co-infection among children who were managed at a Tertiary Hospital in Ilorin, Nigeria. Result: Of the 60 HIV- infected children recruited, 11.7% had HIV co-infection with HBV or HCV. Children with co-infec- tions (mean age 8.43 ± 2.37 years) were significantly older than their HIV mono-infected counterparts (mean age 5.25 ± 3.96 years) (p = 0.011). There was no significant difference between HIV monoinfection and HIV co-infection with respect to gender (p = 0.758), ethnicity (p = 0.707), religion of parents (p = 0.436), family type (p = 0.184), social class (p = 0.535), previous transfusion (p = 0.053), scarification (p = 0.612), female genital mutilation (p = 0.778), and sharing of clippers (p = 0.806). The mean BMI, immunological staging (p = 0.535), baseline ALT (p = 0.940), and mean baseline CD4<sup>+</sup> count (p = 0.928) were comparable. However, the body mass index of HIV co-infec- ted children decreased with age up till age 10 years. Conclusion: There were no risk factors, nor clinical features predictive of co-infection identified in this study. Co-infection did not negatively impact baseline, CD4<sup>+</sup> count and ALT.
