Background Diabetic myocardiopathy is characterized by myocardial interstitial fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction. Statins were found to exert protective effects on cardiovascular disease by suppressing activation of sm...Background Diabetic myocardiopathy is characterized by myocardial interstitial fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction. Statins were found to exert protective effects on cardiovascular disease by suppressing activation of small G proteins, independently of their lipid-lowering effect. The study investigated the effect of fluvastatin on myocardial interstitial fibrosis, cardiac function and mechanism of its action in diabetic rats. Methods Twenty-four male SD rats were randomly assigned to 3 groups： control rats （n=-8）, streptozotocin （STZ）-induced diabetic rats （n=8）, and diabetic rats treated with fluvastatin （administered fluvastatin orally, 10 mg/kg body weight per day, n=-8）. Twelve weeks later, miniature cardiac catheter was inserted into the left ventricle to conduct hemodynamic examination. Then myocardium tissues were collected, collagen content was detected by picro-sirius red staining, real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） was used to detect the mRNA expression of connective tissue growth factor （CTGF）, and Western blotting was used to detect the protein expression of CTGF. Rho activity was determined by pull-down assay. Results After 12 weeks, the left ventricular systolic pressure （LVSP） and maximum rate of left ventricular （LV） pressure rise and fall （＋dP/dt max and -dP/dt max） were significantly lower and left ventricular end diastolic pressure （LVEDP） was higher in the diabetic rats than those in the control rats （P 〈0.01）. Moreover, in LV myocardial tissue of diabetic rats the collagen content, fibronectin, mRNA and protein expression of CTGF and the activity of RhoA were all significantly increased compared with the control rats （P 〈0.01）. Administration of fluvastain obviously improved the cardiac function of diabetic rats, attenuated fibronectin expression, mRNA and protein expression of CTGF and the activity of RhoA in LV myocardium of diabetic rats. Conclusions Fluvastatin attenuates cardiac dysfunction展开更多
目的研究补阳还五汤抗同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)诱导的脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC)损伤的作用及其机制。方法采用Hcy造模,将内皮细胞随机分为10组,即空白组(10%空白血清),模型组(Hcy+10%空白血清),补阳还五汤低剂量组(5%含药血清+Hcy)、中剂量组(10...目的研究补阳还五汤抗同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)诱导的脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC)损伤的作用及其机制。方法采用Hcy造模,将内皮细胞随机分为10组,即空白组(10%空白血清),模型组(Hcy+10%空白血清),补阳还五汤低剂量组(5%含药血清+Hcy)、中剂量组(10%含药血清+Hcy)、高剂量组(20%含药血清+Hcy),10%FBS+Hcy对照组,Rho激酶(ROCK)阻断剂Y27632+Hcy组,靶分子肌球蛋白轻链激酶(MLCK)阻断剂ML-7+Hcy组,丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)抑制剂SB203580+Hcy组,细胞外信号调节激酶(ERK)抑制剂PD98059+Hcy组,24 h后,用IP裂解液(含PMSF)裂解细胞。用蛋白质印迹法(Western blot)测定ROCK、MLCK蛋白水平,用RT-PCR技术测定ROCK、MLCK m RNA的表达情况,并用激光共聚焦测定细胞骨架结构蛋白纤维肌动蛋白(F-actin)的变化。结果 Western blot与RT-PCR结果显示:模型组与空白组比较,HUVEC细胞ROCK、MLCK蛋白以及其m RNA水平明显上升,而补阳还五汤含药血清组和抑制剂组对其有明显的下调作用。激光共聚焦检测骨架蛋白F-actin实验中,与空白组比较,模型组细胞应力纤维明显增多;而补阳还五汤各剂量组相对于模型组,应力纤维的形成明显降低。结论补阳还五汤可能通过调节内皮细胞Rho/Rho激酶信号通路,阻止细胞骨架的改变,减轻内皮细胞损伤而发挥其抗动脉粥样硬化的作用。展开更多
Objective： To test whether tanshinone ⅡA （Tan ⅡA）, a highly valued herb derivative to treat vascular diseases in Chinese medicine, could protect endothelial cells from bacterial endotoxin （lipopolysaccharides, ...Objective： To test whether tanshinone ⅡA （Tan ⅡA）, a highly valued herb derivative to treat vascular diseases in Chinese medicine, could protect endothelial cells from bacterial endotoxin （lipopolysaccharides, LPS）-induced endothelial injury. Methods： Endothelial cell injury was induced by treating human umbilical vein endothelial cells （HUVECs） with 0.2 μg/mL LPS for 24 h. Y27632 and valsartan were used as positive controls. The effects of tanshinone Ⅱ A on the LPS-induced cell viability and apoptosis rate of HUVECs were tested by flow cytometry, cell migration by transwell, adhesion by a 96-well plate pre-coated with vitronectin and cytoskeleton reorganization by immunofluorescence assay. Rho/Rho kinase （ROCK） pathway- associated gene and protein expression were examined by microarray assay; quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were used to confirm the changes observed by microarray. Results： Tan ][ A improved cell viability, suppressed apoptosis and protected cells from LPS-induced reductions in cell migration and adhesion at a comparable magnitude to that of Y27632 and valsartan. Tan II A, Y27632 and valsartan also normalized LPS-induced actomyosin contraction and vinculin protein aggregation. A microarray assay revealed increased levels of fibronectin, integrin A5 （ITG A5）, Ras homolog gene family member A （RheA）, myosin light chain phosphatase, phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase （PI3K, or PIP2 in Western blotting）, focal adhesion kinase, vascular endothelial growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 in the damaged HUVECs, which were attenuated to different degrees by Tan ⅡA, Y27632 and valsartan. Conclusion： Tan ⅡA exerted a strong protective effect on HUVECs, and the mechanism was caused, at least in part, by a blockade in the Rho/ROCK pathway, presumably through the down-regulation of ITG A5.展开更多
Background Hypoxic pulmonary hypertension （HPH） contributes to the pathogenesis of cardiopulmonary diseases.Several lines of evidence indicate that the Rho A/Rho-kinase pathway play an important role in the progress...Background Hypoxic pulmonary hypertension （HPH） contributes to the pathogenesis of cardiopulmonary diseases.Several lines of evidence indicate that the Rho A/Rho-kinase pathway play an important role in the progress of pulmonary hypertension.Stains have been shown exert numerous biological effects that are independent of their cholesterollowering property.We hypothesized that the Rho A/Rho-kinase pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of HPH,and that atorvastatin would attenuate involvement of the Rho A/Rho-kinase pathway in a HPH rat model.Methods Thirty-two Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups：control group,hypoxic group,atovastatin group,and normal saline group.The control group was kept in a normoxia environment.The other groups were exposed to hypoxia for three weeks.Atovastatin was administered daily via a gastric gavage in the atovastatin group.We measured the mean pulmonary arterial pressure （mPAP）,the ratio of the right ventricular weight to the sum of the weights of the left heart ventricle and septum （RV/（LV＋S））,arteriole wall thickness/vascular external diameter （WT％）,vascular area/total vascular area （WA％）,expression of RhoA and phos-MYPT-1 protein in lung tissue,and NF-κB activation in pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells.Results Compared with the control group,mPAP,RV/（LV＋S）,WT％,WA％,NF-κB activation,expression of RhoA,and phos-MYPT-1 were increased in the hypoxic and normal saline groups （P ＜0.05）.Compared with the hypoxic group,mPAP,RV/（LV＋S）,WT％,WA％,NF-κB activation,expression of RhoA,and phos-MYPT-1 were decreased in the atovastatin group （P ＜0.05）.Correlations between phos-MPTY-1 and mPAP,WA％,WT％,and NF-κB activation were all positive.Conclusions The Rho NRho-kinase pathway plays an important role in the development of HPH.Atorvastatin reversed HPH by inhibiting the activity of Rho A/Rho-kinase and NF-κB.展开更多
文摘Background Diabetic myocardiopathy is characterized by myocardial interstitial fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction. Statins were found to exert protective effects on cardiovascular disease by suppressing activation of small G proteins, independently of their lipid-lowering effect. The study investigated the effect of fluvastatin on myocardial interstitial fibrosis, cardiac function and mechanism of its action in diabetic rats. Methods Twenty-four male SD rats were randomly assigned to 3 groups： control rats （n=-8）, streptozotocin （STZ）-induced diabetic rats （n=8）, and diabetic rats treated with fluvastatin （administered fluvastatin orally, 10 mg/kg body weight per day, n=-8）. Twelve weeks later, miniature cardiac catheter was inserted into the left ventricle to conduct hemodynamic examination. Then myocardium tissues were collected, collagen content was detected by picro-sirius red staining, real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） was used to detect the mRNA expression of connective tissue growth factor （CTGF）, and Western blotting was used to detect the protein expression of CTGF. Rho activity was determined by pull-down assay. Results After 12 weeks, the left ventricular systolic pressure （LVSP） and maximum rate of left ventricular （LV） pressure rise and fall （＋dP/dt max and -dP/dt max） were significantly lower and left ventricular end diastolic pressure （LVEDP） was higher in the diabetic rats than those in the control rats （P 〈0.01）. Moreover, in LV myocardial tissue of diabetic rats the collagen content, fibronectin, mRNA and protein expression of CTGF and the activity of RhoA were all significantly increased compared with the control rats （P 〈0.01）. Administration of fluvastain obviously improved the cardiac function of diabetic rats, attenuated fibronectin expression, mRNA and protein expression of CTGF and the activity of RhoA in LV myocardium of diabetic rats. Conclusions Fluvastatin attenuates cardiac dysfunction
文摘目的研究补阳还五汤抗同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)诱导的脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC)损伤的作用及其机制。方法采用Hcy造模,将内皮细胞随机分为10组,即空白组(10%空白血清),模型组(Hcy+10%空白血清),补阳还五汤低剂量组(5%含药血清+Hcy)、中剂量组(10%含药血清+Hcy)、高剂量组(20%含药血清+Hcy),10%FBS+Hcy对照组,Rho激酶(ROCK)阻断剂Y27632+Hcy组,靶分子肌球蛋白轻链激酶(MLCK)阻断剂ML-7+Hcy组,丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)抑制剂SB203580+Hcy组,细胞外信号调节激酶(ERK)抑制剂PD98059+Hcy组,24 h后,用IP裂解液(含PMSF)裂解细胞。用蛋白质印迹法(Western blot)测定ROCK、MLCK蛋白水平,用RT-PCR技术测定ROCK、MLCK m RNA的表达情况,并用激光共聚焦测定细胞骨架结构蛋白纤维肌动蛋白(F-actin)的变化。结果 Western blot与RT-PCR结果显示:模型组与空白组比较,HUVEC细胞ROCK、MLCK蛋白以及其m RNA水平明显上升,而补阳还五汤含药血清组和抑制剂组对其有明显的下调作用。激光共聚焦检测骨架蛋白F-actin实验中,与空白组比较,模型组细胞应力纤维明显增多;而补阳还五汤各剂量组相对于模型组,应力纤维的形成明显降低。结论补阳还五汤可能通过调节内皮细胞Rho/Rho激酶信号通路,阻止细胞骨架的改变,减轻内皮细胞损伤而发挥其抗动脉粥样硬化的作用。
基金Supported by Science and Technology Development Plan of Shandong Province(No.2012G0021837)
文摘Objective： To test whether tanshinone ⅡA （Tan ⅡA）, a highly valued herb derivative to treat vascular diseases in Chinese medicine, could protect endothelial cells from bacterial endotoxin （lipopolysaccharides, LPS）-induced endothelial injury. Methods： Endothelial cell injury was induced by treating human umbilical vein endothelial cells （HUVECs） with 0.2 μg/mL LPS for 24 h. Y27632 and valsartan were used as positive controls. The effects of tanshinone Ⅱ A on the LPS-induced cell viability and apoptosis rate of HUVECs were tested by flow cytometry, cell migration by transwell, adhesion by a 96-well plate pre-coated with vitronectin and cytoskeleton reorganization by immunofluorescence assay. Rho/Rho kinase （ROCK） pathway- associated gene and protein expression were examined by microarray assay; quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were used to confirm the changes observed by microarray. Results： Tan ][ A improved cell viability, suppressed apoptosis and protected cells from LPS-induced reductions in cell migration and adhesion at a comparable magnitude to that of Y27632 and valsartan. Tan II A, Y27632 and valsartan also normalized LPS-induced actomyosin contraction and vinculin protein aggregation. A microarray assay revealed increased levels of fibronectin, integrin A5 （ITG A5）, Ras homolog gene family member A （RheA）, myosin light chain phosphatase, phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase （PI3K, or PIP2 in Western blotting）, focal adhesion kinase, vascular endothelial growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 in the damaged HUVECs, which were attenuated to different degrees by Tan ⅡA, Y27632 and valsartan. Conclusion： Tan ⅡA exerted a strong protective effect on HUVECs, and the mechanism was caused, at least in part, by a blockade in the Rho/ROCK pathway, presumably through the down-regulation of ITG A5.
文摘Background Hypoxic pulmonary hypertension （HPH） contributes to the pathogenesis of cardiopulmonary diseases.Several lines of evidence indicate that the Rho A/Rho-kinase pathway play an important role in the progress of pulmonary hypertension.Stains have been shown exert numerous biological effects that are independent of their cholesterollowering property.We hypothesized that the Rho A/Rho-kinase pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of HPH,and that atorvastatin would attenuate involvement of the Rho A/Rho-kinase pathway in a HPH rat model.Methods Thirty-two Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups：control group,hypoxic group,atovastatin group,and normal saline group.The control group was kept in a normoxia environment.The other groups were exposed to hypoxia for three weeks.Atovastatin was administered daily via a gastric gavage in the atovastatin group.We measured the mean pulmonary arterial pressure （mPAP）,the ratio of the right ventricular weight to the sum of the weights of the left heart ventricle and septum （RV/（LV＋S））,arteriole wall thickness/vascular external diameter （WT％）,vascular area/total vascular area （WA％）,expression of RhoA and phos-MYPT-1 protein in lung tissue,and NF-κB activation in pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells.Results Compared with the control group,mPAP,RV/（LV＋S）,WT％,WA％,NF-κB activation,expression of RhoA,and phos-MYPT-1 were increased in the hypoxic and normal saline groups （P ＜0.05）.Compared with the hypoxic group,mPAP,RV/（LV＋S）,WT％,WA％,NF-κB activation,expression of RhoA,and phos-MYPT-1 were decreased in the atovastatin group （P ＜0.05）.Correlations between phos-MPTY-1 and mPAP,WA％,WT％,and NF-κB activation were all positive.Conclusions The Rho NRho-kinase pathway plays an important role in the development of HPH.Atorvastatin reversed HPH by inhibiting the activity of Rho A/Rho-kinase and NF-κB.
