Common bean is an important but often a disease-susceptible legume crop of temperate,subtropical and tropical regions worldwide. The crop is affected by bacterial, fungal and viral pathogens. The strategy of resistanc...Common bean is an important but often a disease-susceptible legume crop of temperate,subtropical and tropical regions worldwide. The crop is affected by bacterial, fungal and viral pathogens. The strategy of resistance-gene homologue(RGH) cloning has proven to be an efficient tool for identifying markers and R(resistance) genes associated with resistances to diseases. Microsatellite or SSR markers can be identified by physical association with RGH clones on large-insert DNA clones such as bacterial artificial chromosomes(BACs). Our objectives in this work were to identify RGH-SSR in a BAC library from the Andean genotype G19833 and to test and map any polymorphic markers to identify associations with known positions of disease resistance genes. We developed a set of specific probes designed for clades of common bean RGH genes and then identified positive BAC clones and developed microsatellites from BACs having SSR loci in their end sequences. A total of 629 new RGH-SSRs were identified and named BMr(bean microsatellite RGH-associated markers). A subset of these markers was screened for detecting polymorphism in the genetic mapping population DOR364 × G19833. A genetic map was constructed with a total of 264 markers,among which were 80 RGH loci anchored to single-copy RFLP and SSR markers. Clusters of RGH-SSRs were observed on most of the linkage groups of common bean and in positions associated with R-genes and QTL. The use of these new markers to select for disease resistance is discussed.展开更多
Effective manipulations of thermal expansion and conductivity are significant for improving operational performances of protective coatings,thermoelectric,and radiators.This work uncovers determinant mechanisms of the...Effective manipulations of thermal expansion and conductivity are significant for improving operational performances of protective coatings,thermoelectric,and radiators.This work uncovers determinant mechanisms of the thermal expansion and conductivity of symbiotic ScTaO_(4)/SmTaO_(4) composites as thermal/environmental barrier coatings(T/EBCs),and we consider the effects of interface stress and thermal resistance.The weak bonding and interface stress among composite grains manipulate coefficient of thermal expansion(CTE)stretching from 6.4×10^(−6) to 10.7×10^(−6) K^(−1) at 1300℃,which gets close to that of substrates in T/EBC systems.The multiscale effects,including phonon scattering at the interface,mitigation of the phonon speed(vp),and lattice point defects,synergistically depress phonon thermal transports,and we estimate the proportions of different parts.The interface thermal resistance(R)reduces the thermal conductivity(k)by depressing phonon speed and scattering phonons because of different acoustic properties and weak bonding between symbiotic ScTaO_(4) and SmTaO_(4) ceramics in the composites.This study proves that CTE of tantalates can be artificially regulated to match those of different substrates to expand their applications,and the uncovered multiscale effects can be used to manipulate thermal transports of various materials.展开更多
Using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based method six distinct candidate disease resistant gene (R) homologs from rice have been isolated. The rice sequences are organized into two phylogenetic groups with contrast...Using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based method six distinct candidate disease resistant gene (R) homologs from rice have been isolated. The rice sequences are organized into two phylogenetic groups with contrasting genomic organization patterns. The first group, represented by a single sequence, Osh359-1, is more similar to non-rice R sequences than to rice ones and has a simple genomic organization. The second group, represented by Osh359-3, contains the remaining five rice sequences. Osh359-3 consists of a multi-gene family. The members of Osh359-3 family are further found to be clustered together in the genome.展开更多
A novel super-junction LDMOS with low resistance channel(LRC),named LRC-LDMOS based on the silicon-on-insulator(SOI)technology is proposed.The LRC is highly doped on the surface of the drift region,which can significa...A novel super-junction LDMOS with low resistance channel(LRC),named LRC-LDMOS based on the silicon-on-insulator(SOI)technology is proposed.The LRC is highly doped on the surface of the drift region,which can significantly reduce the specific on resistance(R^(on,sp))in forward conduction.The charge compensation between the LRC,N-pillar,and P-pillar of the super-junction are adjusted to satisfy the charge balance,which can completely deplete the whole drift,thus the breakdown voltage(BV)is enhanced in reverse blocking.The three-dimensional(3D)simulation results show that the BV and R^(on,sp)of the device can reach 253 V and 15.5 mΩ·cm^(2),respectively,and the Baliga's figure of merit(FOM=BV^(2)/R^(on,sp))of 4.1 MW/cm^(2)is achieved,breaking through the silicon limit.展开更多
文摘Common bean is an important but often a disease-susceptible legume crop of temperate,subtropical and tropical regions worldwide. The crop is affected by bacterial, fungal and viral pathogens. The strategy of resistance-gene homologue(RGH) cloning has proven to be an efficient tool for identifying markers and R(resistance) genes associated with resistances to diseases. Microsatellite or SSR markers can be identified by physical association with RGH clones on large-insert DNA clones such as bacterial artificial chromosomes(BACs). Our objectives in this work were to identify RGH-SSR in a BAC library from the Andean genotype G19833 and to test and map any polymorphic markers to identify associations with known positions of disease resistance genes. We developed a set of specific probes designed for clades of common bean RGH genes and then identified positive BAC clones and developed microsatellites from BACs having SSR loci in their end sequences. A total of 629 new RGH-SSRs were identified and named BMr(bean microsatellite RGH-associated markers). A subset of these markers was screened for detecting polymorphism in the genetic mapping population DOR364 × G19833. A genetic map was constructed with a total of 264 markers,among which were 80 RGH loci anchored to single-copy RFLP and SSR markers. Clusters of RGH-SSRs were observed on most of the linkage groups of common bean and in positions associated with R-genes and QTL. The use of these new markers to select for disease resistance is discussed.
基金Thanks for the supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.91960103)National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFB3708600)+1 种基金the Rare and Precious Metals Material Genetic Engineering Project of Yunnan Province(No.202102AB080019-1)the Top Innovative Talents of Graduate Students of Kunming University of Science and Technology。
文摘Effective manipulations of thermal expansion and conductivity are significant for improving operational performances of protective coatings,thermoelectric,and radiators.This work uncovers determinant mechanisms of the thermal expansion and conductivity of symbiotic ScTaO_(4)/SmTaO_(4) composites as thermal/environmental barrier coatings(T/EBCs),and we consider the effects of interface stress and thermal resistance.The weak bonding and interface stress among composite grains manipulate coefficient of thermal expansion(CTE)stretching from 6.4×10^(−6) to 10.7×10^(−6) K^(−1) at 1300℃,which gets close to that of substrates in T/EBC systems.The multiscale effects,including phonon scattering at the interface,mitigation of the phonon speed(vp),and lattice point defects,synergistically depress phonon thermal transports,and we estimate the proportions of different parts.The interface thermal resistance(R)reduces the thermal conductivity(k)by depressing phonon speed and scattering phonons because of different acoustic properties and weak bonding between symbiotic ScTaO_(4) and SmTaO_(4) ceramics in the composites.This study proves that CTE of tantalates can be artificially regulated to match those of different substrates to expand their applications,and the uncovered multiscale effects can be used to manipulate thermal transports of various materials.
文摘Using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based method six distinct candidate disease resistant gene (R) homologs from rice have been isolated. The rice sequences are organized into two phylogenetic groups with contrasting genomic organization patterns. The first group, represented by a single sequence, Osh359-1, is more similar to non-rice R sequences than to rice ones and has a simple genomic organization. The second group, represented by Osh359-3, contains the remaining five rice sequences. Osh359-3 consists of a multi-gene family. The members of Osh359-3 family are further found to be clustered together in the genome.
文摘A novel super-junction LDMOS with low resistance channel(LRC),named LRC-LDMOS based on the silicon-on-insulator(SOI)technology is proposed.The LRC is highly doped on the surface of the drift region,which can significantly reduce the specific on resistance(R^(on,sp))in forward conduction.The charge compensation between the LRC,N-pillar,and P-pillar of the super-junction are adjusted to satisfy the charge balance,which can completely deplete the whole drift,thus the breakdown voltage(BV)is enhanced in reverse blocking.The three-dimensional(3D)simulation results show that the BV and R^(on,sp)of the device can reach 253 V and 15.5 mΩ·cm^(2),respectively,and the Baliga's figure of merit(FOM=BV^(2)/R^(on,sp))of 4.1 MW/cm^(2)is achieved,breaking through the silicon limit.
