以东北和华东地区118份薄皮甜瓜种质资源为试材,采用重测序方法,研究了全基因组关联分析(genome-wide association study, GWAS)策略在薄皮甜瓜白粉病抗性基础理论研究上的可行性,以期为丰富薄皮甜瓜白粉病抗性育种材料提供参考依据。...以东北和华东地区118份薄皮甜瓜种质资源为试材,采用重测序方法,研究了全基因组关联分析(genome-wide association study, GWAS)策略在薄皮甜瓜白粉病抗性基础理论研究上的可行性,以期为丰富薄皮甜瓜白粉病抗性育种材料提供参考依据。结果表明:共获得高质量SNP位点4 460 133个,2种模型筛选与白粉病相关优异等位基因61个。结合功能注释,预测为DPH3抗体蛋白、PPR蛋白、黄酮醇合酶、类甲基酯酶和类DMR6加氧酶蛋白等。主要参与生物合成、氨基酸代谢、信号通路传导、RNA降解和DNA修复等代谢过程。其中,7号染色体上的CsTLP基因在黄瓜霜霉病抗性中起到至关重要的作用;1号染色体上的EFM1可作为逆境响应机制研究及抗逆育种的优良候选基因。展开更多
The evolutionary dynamics of behavioral traits reflect phenotypic and genetic changes. Methodological difficulties in analyzing the genetic dynamics of complex traits have left open questions on the mechanisms that ha...The evolutionary dynamics of behavioral traits reflect phenotypic and genetic changes. Methodological difficulties in analyzing the genetic dynamics of complex traits have left open questions on the mechanisms that have shaped complex beha- viors and cognitive abilities. A strategy to investigate the change of behavior across generations is to assume that genetic con- straints have a negligible role in evolution （the phenotypic gambit） and focus on the phenotype as a proxy for genetic evolution. Empirical evidence and technologic advances in genomics question the choice of neglecting the genetic underlying the dynamics of behavioral evolution. I first discuss the relevance of genetic factors - e.g. genetic variability, genetic linkage, gene interactions - in shaping evolution, showing the importance of taking genetic factors into account when dealing with evolutionary dynamics. I subsequently describe the recent advancements in genetics and genomics that make the investigation of the ongoing evolutionary process of behavioral traits finally attainable. In particular, by applying genomic resequencing to experimental evolution - a me- thod called Evolve ＆ Resequence - it is possible to monitor at the same time phenotypic and genomie changes in populations exposed to controlled selective pressures. Experimental evolution of associative learning, a well-known trait that promptly re- sponds to selection, is a convenient model to illustrate this approach applied to behavior and cognition. Taking into account the recent achievements of the field, I discuss how to design and conduct an effective Evolve ＆ Resequence study on associative learning in Drosophila. By integrating phenotypic and genomic data in the investigation of evolutionary dynamics, new insights can be gained on longstanding questions such as the modularity of mind and its evolution .展开更多
The limited knowledge of genomic diversity and functional genes associated with the traits of soybean varieties has resulted in slow progress in breeding.In this study,we sequenced the genomes of 250 soybean landraces...The limited knowledge of genomic diversity and functional genes associated with the traits of soybean varieties has resulted in slow progress in breeding.In this study,we sequenced the genomes of 250 soybean landraces and cultivars from China,America,and Europe,and investigated their population structure,genetic diversity and architecture,and the selective sweep regions of these accessions.Five novel agronomically important genes were identified,and the effects of functional mutations in respective genes were examined.The candidate genes GSTT1,GL3,and GSTL3 associated with the isoflavone content,CKX3 associated with yield traits,and CYP85 A2 associated with both architecture and yield traits were found.The phenotype-gene network analysis revealed that hub nodes play a crucial role in complex phenotypic associations.This study describes novel agronomic trait-associated genes and a complex genetic network,providing a valuable resource for future soybean molecular breeding.展开更多
谷氨酸棒杆菌是食品安全级菌株,可作为生产高价值产物的优良底盘细胞用于工业生产。它具有良好的分泌系统,是表达重组蛋白的潜在宿主,有极大的研究价值。为优化底盘细胞提高其蛋白表达能力,挖掘并验证谷氨酸棒杆菌中与外源蛋白高表达相...谷氨酸棒杆菌是食品安全级菌株,可作为生产高价值产物的优良底盘细胞用于工业生产。它具有良好的分泌系统,是表达重组蛋白的潜在宿主,有极大的研究价值。为优化底盘细胞提高其蛋白表达能力,挖掘并验证谷氨酸棒杆菌中与外源蛋白高表达相关的基因。在谷氨酸棒杆菌重测序的基础上,应用生物信息学对单核苷酸多态性(single-nucleotide polymorphisms,SNP)基因进行挖掘,分析基因保守结构域。通过构建SNP基因过表达和敲除重组菌株,评估其生长情况以及增强型绿色荧光蛋白(enhanced green fluorescence protein,EGFP)和人重组特立帕肽(recombinant human teriparatide,rtPTH)的外源蛋白表达能力。分析并整理了高产量外源蛋白菌株的重测序数据,共有33个SNP突变位点,主要涉及5个基因。其中SNP重组菌株over-2370和ko-973-974的荧光值最高,并且发酵生产rtPTH,均比野生型(wild type,WT)提高了近1倍。该研究成功挖掘出与蛋白表达相关的基因GL002370和GL000974,这些发现将有助于获得优化的底盘细胞,并为深入研究增加蛋白产量的靶基因提供指导。展开更多
文摘The evolutionary dynamics of behavioral traits reflect phenotypic and genetic changes. Methodological difficulties in analyzing the genetic dynamics of complex traits have left open questions on the mechanisms that have shaped complex beha- viors and cognitive abilities. A strategy to investigate the change of behavior across generations is to assume that genetic con- straints have a negligible role in evolution （the phenotypic gambit） and focus on the phenotype as a proxy for genetic evolution. Empirical evidence and technologic advances in genomics question the choice of neglecting the genetic underlying the dynamics of behavioral evolution. I first discuss the relevance of genetic factors - e.g. genetic variability, genetic linkage, gene interactions - in shaping evolution, showing the importance of taking genetic factors into account when dealing with evolutionary dynamics. I subsequently describe the recent advancements in genetics and genomics that make the investigation of the ongoing evolutionary process of behavioral traits finally attainable. In particular, by applying genomic resequencing to experimental evolution - a me- thod called Evolve ＆ Resequence - it is possible to monitor at the same time phenotypic and genomie changes in populations exposed to controlled selective pressures. Experimental evolution of associative learning, a well-known trait that promptly re- sponds to selection, is a convenient model to illustrate this approach applied to behavior and cognition. Taking into account the recent achievements of the field, I discuss how to design and conduct an effective Evolve ＆ Resequence study on associative learning in Drosophila. By integrating phenotypic and genomic data in the investigation of evolutionary dynamics, new insights can be gained on longstanding questions such as the modularity of mind and its evolution .
基金supported by grants from the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project,Jilin Province,China(Grant No.CXGC2017ZY027)the Program of Accurate Identification and Display of Soybean Germplasm,China[Grant Nos.NB08-2130315-(25-31)-06,NB07-2130315(25-30)-06,NB06-070401-(22-27)-05,and NB2010-213031525-05]the Chinese Universities Scientific Fund。
文摘The limited knowledge of genomic diversity and functional genes associated with the traits of soybean varieties has resulted in slow progress in breeding.In this study,we sequenced the genomes of 250 soybean landraces and cultivars from China,America,and Europe,and investigated their population structure,genetic diversity and architecture,and the selective sweep regions of these accessions.Five novel agronomically important genes were identified,and the effects of functional mutations in respective genes were examined.The candidate genes GSTT1,GL3,and GSTL3 associated with the isoflavone content,CKX3 associated with yield traits,and CYP85 A2 associated with both architecture and yield traits were found.The phenotype-gene network analysis revealed that hub nodes play a crucial role in complex phenotypic associations.This study describes novel agronomic trait-associated genes and a complex genetic network,providing a valuable resource for future soybean molecular breeding.
文摘谷氨酸棒杆菌是食品安全级菌株,可作为生产高价值产物的优良底盘细胞用于工业生产。它具有良好的分泌系统,是表达重组蛋白的潜在宿主,有极大的研究价值。为优化底盘细胞提高其蛋白表达能力,挖掘并验证谷氨酸棒杆菌中与外源蛋白高表达相关的基因。在谷氨酸棒杆菌重测序的基础上,应用生物信息学对单核苷酸多态性(single-nucleotide polymorphisms,SNP)基因进行挖掘,分析基因保守结构域。通过构建SNP基因过表达和敲除重组菌株,评估其生长情况以及增强型绿色荧光蛋白(enhanced green fluorescence protein,EGFP)和人重组特立帕肽(recombinant human teriparatide,rtPTH)的外源蛋白表达能力。分析并整理了高产量外源蛋白菌株的重测序数据,共有33个SNP突变位点,主要涉及5个基因。其中SNP重组菌株over-2370和ko-973-974的荧光值最高,并且发酵生产rtPTH,均比野生型(wild type,WT)提高了近1倍。该研究成功挖掘出与蛋白表达相关的基因GL002370和GL000974,这些发现将有助于获得优化的底盘细胞,并为深入研究增加蛋白产量的靶基因提供指导。
