情景感知(context aware)的应用是当前的一个研究热点,但是,由于情景的复杂性和不确定性,如何获取这些应用的需求面临着巨大挑战,需求工程领域出现了大量的研究来解决这一挑战.使用系统文献综述(systematic literature review)的方法首...情景感知(context aware)的应用是当前的一个研究热点,但是,由于情景的复杂性和不确定性,如何获取这些应用的需求面临着巨大挑战,需求工程领域出现了大量的研究来解决这一挑战.使用系统文献综述(systematic literature review)的方法首先分析了不同情景维度对需求获取与建模的支持,统计并深入分析情景感知的需求获取与建模中常用的方法,评估了不同经验方法的技术转移成熟度.最后,基于上述结论,给出了情景感知的需求获取与建模下一步的研究方向.展开更多
针对传统的基于文档式的需求工程方法无法满足当前复杂系统的需求分析,论文提出一种基于模型系统工程(Model-Based Systems Engineering,MBSE)思想的传感器系统需求建模分析的方法,辅以DOORS工具对需求进行管理。首先,基于DOORS对飞行...针对传统的基于文档式的需求工程方法无法满足当前复杂系统的需求分析,论文提出一种基于模型系统工程(Model-Based Systems Engineering,MBSE)思想的传感器系统需求建模分析的方法,辅以DOORS工具对需求进行管理。首先,基于DOORS对飞行传感器系统的需求管理进行研究,以支持系统的需求演进,方便后续的需求建模分析;其次,在Rhap⁃sody环境下采用SysML用例图对飞行传感器系统需求进行静态建模分析,从参与者的角度分析系统需求用例;最后,通过对某型号无人机传感器系统应用实例的分析来验证该方法的有效性和可行性。展开更多
Automatically mapping a requirement specification to design model in Software Engineering is an open complex problem. Existing methods use a complex manual process that use the knowledge from the requirement specifica...Automatically mapping a requirement specification to design model in Software Engineering is an open complex problem. Existing methods use a complex manual process that use the knowledge from the requirement specification/modeling and the design, and try to find a good match between them. The key task done by designers is to convert a natural language based requirement specification (or corresponding UML based representation) into a predominantly computer language based design model—thus the process is very complex as there is a very large gap between our natural language and computer language. Moreover, this is not just a simple language conversion, but rather a complex knowledge conversion that can lead to meaningful design implementation. In this paper, we describe an automated method to map Requirement Model to Design Model and thus automate/partially automate the Structured Design (SD) process. We believe, this is the first logical step in mapping a more complex requirement specification to design model. We call it IRTDM (Intelligent Agent based requirement model to design model mapping). The main theme of IRTDM is to use some AI (Artificial Intelligence) based algorithms, semantic representation using Ontology or Predicate Logic, design structures using some well known design framework and Machine Learning algorithms for learning over time. Semantics help convert natural language based requirement specification (and associated UML representation) into high level design model followed by mapping to design structures. AI method can also be used to convert high level design structures into lower level design which then can be refined further by some manual and/or semi automated process. We emphasize that automation is one of the key ways to minimize the software cost, and is very important for all, especially, for the “Design for the Bottom 90% People” or BOP (Base of the Pyramid People).展开更多
为评估控制器局域网络(Controller Area Network,CAN)攻击者入侵风险的影响,增强CAN总线设计的健壮性,提出了一种基于UPPAAL SMC的CAN总线健壮性验证方案。该方案首先针对嵌入式软件系统需求对CAN总线数据链路层与应用层进行形式化建模...为评估控制器局域网络(Controller Area Network,CAN)攻击者入侵风险的影响,增强CAN总线设计的健壮性,提出了一种基于UPPAAL SMC的CAN总线健壮性验证方案。该方案首先针对嵌入式软件系统需求对CAN总线数据链路层与应用层进行形式化建模,采用模型检测技术对总线控制、收发、仲裁、应用层等功能进行仿真;其次使用攻击报文对CAN总线系统抗攻击性能进行验证与分析,开发人员可根据验证结果改进软件需求参数指标。实验结果表明,参数优化后,在总线被攻击情况下节点传输的准确率保持在75%以上,应答正确率可提升12.4%,加强了总线抗攻击能力。该方法为嵌入式软件通信总线系统设计的合理性提供了理论指导,规避开发后期的风险,可广泛应用于通信总线安全性能验证领域。展开更多
为了准确地获取和复用军事电子信息系统需求,提出了基于领域知识复用的需求建模方法。介绍了利用领域知识进行需求建模的过程,利用目标模型表达用户需求,并通过复用领域知识建立目标模型;通过目标查询匹配和复用获取目标相关需求,建立...为了准确地获取和复用军事电子信息系统需求,提出了基于领域知识复用的需求建模方法。介绍了利用领域知识进行需求建模的过程,利用目标模型表达用户需求,并通过复用领域知识建立目标模型;通过目标查询匹配和复用获取目标相关需求,建立应用本体;利用顶层本体概念与M E ISRDL业务框架的映射关系,根据应用本体生成需求模型。实例表明,通过复用领域知识,不仅保证了需求模型的质量,而且提高了需求建模的效率。展开更多
文摘情景感知(context aware)的应用是当前的一个研究热点,但是,由于情景的复杂性和不确定性,如何获取这些应用的需求面临着巨大挑战,需求工程领域出现了大量的研究来解决这一挑战.使用系统文献综述(systematic literature review)的方法首先分析了不同情景维度对需求获取与建模的支持,统计并深入分析情景感知的需求获取与建模中常用的方法,评估了不同经验方法的技术转移成熟度.最后,基于上述结论,给出了情景感知的需求获取与建模下一步的研究方向.
文摘针对传统的基于文档式的需求工程方法无法满足当前复杂系统的需求分析,论文提出一种基于模型系统工程(Model-Based Systems Engineering,MBSE)思想的传感器系统需求建模分析的方法,辅以DOORS工具对需求进行管理。首先,基于DOORS对飞行传感器系统的需求管理进行研究,以支持系统的需求演进,方便后续的需求建模分析;其次,在Rhap⁃sody环境下采用SysML用例图对飞行传感器系统需求进行静态建模分析,从参与者的角度分析系统需求用例;最后,通过对某型号无人机传感器系统应用实例的分析来验证该方法的有效性和可行性。
文摘Automatically mapping a requirement specification to design model in Software Engineering is an open complex problem. Existing methods use a complex manual process that use the knowledge from the requirement specification/modeling and the design, and try to find a good match between them. The key task done by designers is to convert a natural language based requirement specification (or corresponding UML based representation) into a predominantly computer language based design model—thus the process is very complex as there is a very large gap between our natural language and computer language. Moreover, this is not just a simple language conversion, but rather a complex knowledge conversion that can lead to meaningful design implementation. In this paper, we describe an automated method to map Requirement Model to Design Model and thus automate/partially automate the Structured Design (SD) process. We believe, this is the first logical step in mapping a more complex requirement specification to design model. We call it IRTDM (Intelligent Agent based requirement model to design model mapping). The main theme of IRTDM is to use some AI (Artificial Intelligence) based algorithms, semantic representation using Ontology or Predicate Logic, design structures using some well known design framework and Machine Learning algorithms for learning over time. Semantics help convert natural language based requirement specification (and associated UML representation) into high level design model followed by mapping to design structures. AI method can also be used to convert high level design structures into lower level design which then can be refined further by some manual and/or semi automated process. We emphasize that automation is one of the key ways to minimize the software cost, and is very important for all, especially, for the “Design for the Bottom 90% People” or BOP (Base of the Pyramid People).
文摘为评估控制器局域网络(Controller Area Network,CAN)攻击者入侵风险的影响,增强CAN总线设计的健壮性,提出了一种基于UPPAAL SMC的CAN总线健壮性验证方案。该方案首先针对嵌入式软件系统需求对CAN总线数据链路层与应用层进行形式化建模,采用模型检测技术对总线控制、收发、仲裁、应用层等功能进行仿真;其次使用攻击报文对CAN总线系统抗攻击性能进行验证与分析,开发人员可根据验证结果改进软件需求参数指标。实验结果表明,参数优化后,在总线被攻击情况下节点传输的准确率保持在75%以上,应答正确率可提升12.4%,加强了总线抗攻击能力。该方法为嵌入式软件通信总线系统设计的合理性提供了理论指导,规避开发后期的风险,可广泛应用于通信总线安全性能验证领域。
文摘为了准确地获取和复用军事电子信息系统需求,提出了基于领域知识复用的需求建模方法。介绍了利用领域知识进行需求建模的过程,利用目标模型表达用户需求,并通过复用领域知识建立目标模型;通过目标查询匹配和复用获取目标相关需求,建立应用本体;利用顶层本体概念与M E ISRDL业务框架的映射关系,根据应用本体生成需求模型。实例表明,通过复用领域知识,不仅保证了需求模型的质量,而且提高了需求建模的效率。
