This paper presents engineering experiences from battery energy storage system(BESS)projects that require design and implementation of specialized power conversion systems(a fast-response,automatic power converter and...This paper presents engineering experiences from battery energy storage system(BESS)projects that require design and implementation of specialized power conversion systems(a fast-response,automatic power converter and controller).These projects concern areas of generation,transmission,and distribution of electric energy,as well as end-energy user benefits,such as grid frequency regulation,renewable energy smoothing and leveling,energy dispatching and arbitrage,power quality and reliability improvements for connected customers,islanding operations,and smart microgrid applications.In general,a grid level BESS project sends an interconnect request to utility power grids in the project development stage.Simulation models of equipment are then sent for a system impact study(e.g.,power flow and/or stability analysis),based on utility grid code requirements.The system study then determines the connection’s technical feasibility and impact of the project on the power grid.In this paper,a set of new BESS models is presented that are configured and parameterized for use in system impact studies as well as transmission planning studies.The models,which have been recently approved and released by the U.S.Western Electricity Coordinating Council(WECC),represent the steady state and dynamic performance of the BESS in several software platforms for power system studies based on operating project performance experience.Model benchmarking results as well as a real system case study are also included in the paper to show that the parameterized and tuned models respond correctly and as expected when system operating conditions change following contingency events.Finally,this paper provides useful guidelines in the use of new models to represent a BESS for power system analysis.展开更多
针对无人机自组织网络,提出了一种基于地理位置信息的高可靠性路由算法GPSR-HRU(High Reliability UAV Routing Algorithms Based on GPSR);算法针对无人机运动速度快、运动不规律、易产生路由断路、空洞等特点,将MALM(Mobility-assiste...针对无人机自组织网络,提出了一种基于地理位置信息的高可靠性路由算法GPSR-HRU(High Reliability UAV Routing Algorithms Based on GPSR);算法针对无人机运动速度快、运动不规律、易产生路由断路、空洞等特点,将MALM(Mobility-assisted Location Management)移动节点辅助位置管理策略引入到无线自组网的GPSR协议中来预测节点的移动位置;通过NS-3仿真无人机的工作场景实验证明,算法较GPSR算法和其他改进算法有更低的传输延时,更可靠的端到端的投递成功率,同时整个网络的负载也更轻。展开更多
In the light of the Grey characters of reliability on a mechanical transmission system, Grey problems that could assist in the study on mechanical transmission system were analyzed. For example, the factors of time fu...In the light of the Grey characters of reliability on a mechanical transmission system, Grey problems that could assist in the study on mechanical transmission system were analyzed. For example, the factors of time function，the factors of environment and the factors of people have some relationships with the system in this paper. And then, the methods and procedures, which were based upon the theory of Grey system, were elaborated.展开更多
文摘This paper presents engineering experiences from battery energy storage system(BESS)projects that require design and implementation of specialized power conversion systems(a fast-response,automatic power converter and controller).These projects concern areas of generation,transmission,and distribution of electric energy,as well as end-energy user benefits,such as grid frequency regulation,renewable energy smoothing and leveling,energy dispatching and arbitrage,power quality and reliability improvements for connected customers,islanding operations,and smart microgrid applications.In general,a grid level BESS project sends an interconnect request to utility power grids in the project development stage.Simulation models of equipment are then sent for a system impact study(e.g.,power flow and/or stability analysis),based on utility grid code requirements.The system study then determines the connection’s technical feasibility and impact of the project on the power grid.In this paper,a set of new BESS models is presented that are configured and parameterized for use in system impact studies as well as transmission planning studies.The models,which have been recently approved and released by the U.S.Western Electricity Coordinating Council(WECC),represent the steady state and dynamic performance of the BESS in several software platforms for power system studies based on operating project performance experience.Model benchmarking results as well as a real system case study are also included in the paper to show that the parameterized and tuned models respond correctly and as expected when system operating conditions change following contingency events.Finally,this paper provides useful guidelines in the use of new models to represent a BESS for power system analysis.
文摘针对无人机自组织网络,提出了一种基于地理位置信息的高可靠性路由算法GPSR-HRU(High Reliability UAV Routing Algorithms Based on GPSR);算法针对无人机运动速度快、运动不规律、易产生路由断路、空洞等特点,将MALM(Mobility-assisted Location Management)移动节点辅助位置管理策略引入到无线自组网的GPSR协议中来预测节点的移动位置;通过NS-3仿真无人机的工作场景实验证明,算法较GPSR算法和其他改进算法有更低的传输延时,更可靠的端到端的投递成功率,同时整个网络的负载也更轻。
基金the Natural Science Foundation of China and the scientific research fund of the Education Bureau of Hunan Province.
文摘In the light of the Grey characters of reliability on a mechanical transmission system, Grey problems that could assist in the study on mechanical transmission system were analyzed. For example, the factors of time function，the factors of environment and the factors of people have some relationships with the system in this paper. And then, the methods and procedures, which were based upon the theory of Grey system, were elaborated.
