YAP（yes-associated protein） is a transcriptional factor that is negatively regulated by Hippo pathway, a conserved pathway for the development and size control of multiple organs. The exact function of YAP in bone h...YAP（yes-associated protein） is a transcriptional factor that is negatively regulated by Hippo pathway, a conserved pathway for the development and size control of multiple organs. The exact function of YAP in bone homeostasis remains controversial. Here we provide evidence for YAP＇s function in promoting osteogenesis, suppressing adipogenesis, and thus maintaining bone homeostasis.YAP is selectively expressed in osteoblast（OB）-lineage cells. Conditionally knocking out Yap in the OB lineage in mice reduces cell proliferation and OB differentiation and increases adipocyte formation, resulting in a trabecular bone loss. Mechanistically, YAP interacts with β-catenin and is necessary for maintenance of nuclear β-catenin level and Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Expression of β-catenin in YAP-deficient BMSCs（bone marrow stromal cells） diminishes the osteogenesis deficit. These results thus identify YAP-β-catenin as an important pathway for osteogenesis during adult bone remodeling and uncover a mechanism underlying YAP regulation of bone homeostasis.展开更多
Objective： To explore influence of electroacupuncture（EA） therapy of tonifying the kidney and regulating governor vessel on amyloid beta（Aβ） related degradation enzymes in the hippocampus of a rat model of Alzhe...Objective： To explore influence of electroacupuncture（EA） therapy of tonifying the kidney and regulating governor vessel on amyloid beta（Aβ） related degradation enzymes in the hippocampus of a rat model of Alzheimer＇s disease（AD） induced by Aβ（1-42）.Methods： Forty Wistar male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups： a normal group, a sham operation group, a model group and an EA group, 10 rats in each one. The rats in normal group were normally fed. The rats in sham operation group were bilaterally injected in the hippocampus with 5 μL of saline and they were normally fed after the injection. The rats in the model group and the EA group were bilaterally injected in the hippocampus with 5 μL of Aβ（1-42） on each side. Rats in the EA group received EA of 5 Hz continuous wave at the ＂Bǎihuì（百会 GV20）＂ and bilateral ＂Shènshū（肾俞 BL23）＂ for a duration of 15 min per time every day and continuously for 15 days. After 15 days, the hippocampal expression levels of insulin degrading enzyme（IDE）, lipoprotein（LPL）, transthyretin（TTR）, apolipoprotein E（APoE）,a2 macroglobulin（a2 M） and Aβ（1-42） of the 4 groups were tested by Western blot.Results： Compared with the sham operation group, the expression levels of IDE, LPL, TTR, APoE and a2 M in the hippocampus were significantly lower（P〈 0.05, P〈 0.01） and the expression of Aβ（1-42） was significantly higher（P〈 0.01） in the model group. Compared with the model group, the expression levels of IDE, LPL, TTR,APoE and a2 M in the hippocampus of these rats were significantly lower（P〈 0.05,P〈 0.01）, the expression of Aβ（1-42） was significantly higher（P〈 0.01） in the EA group.Conclusion： EA therapy of tonifying the kidney and regulating governor vessel can enhance the expression of IDE, LPL, TTR, APoE, and a2 M in the hippocampus of AD rats injected by Aβ（1-42）, and may consequently promote the degradation of aβ（1-42） to help improve the pathological man展开更多
Background Anxiety symptoms are common in mental diseases and a variety of physical disorders, especially in disorders related to stress. More and more basic studies have indicated that gut microbiota can regulate bra...Background Anxiety symptoms are common in mental diseases and a variety of physical disorders, especially in disorders related to stress. More and more basic studies have indicated that gut microbiota can regulate brain function through the gut-brain axis, and dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota was related to anxiety. However, there is no specific evidence to support treatment of anxiety by regulating intestinal microbiota. Aims To find evidence sup porting improvement of anxiety symptoms by regulation of intestinal microbiota. Methods This systematic review of randomised controlled trials was searched based on the following databases: PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, OVID, Web of Knowledge, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data, VIP databases and SinoMed. The retrieval time dated back to 25 July 2018. Then we screened research literatures based on established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Quality evaluation for each included study was done using the Cochrane risk of bias and the Jadad scale. Results A total of 3334 articles were retrieved and 21 studies were included which contained 1503 subjects. In the 21 studies, 15 chose probiotics as interventions to regulate intestinal microbiota and six chose non-probiotic ways such as adjusting daily diets. Probiotic supplements in seven studies contained only one kind of probiotic, two studies used a product that contained two kinds of probiotics and the supplements used in the other five studies included at least three kinds of probiotics. In the studies that used treatment as usual plus interventions regulating intestinal flora (IRIF) as interventions (five studies), only non-probiotic ways were effective (two studies), which means 40% of studies were effective;in the studies that used IRIF alone (16 studies, 11 studies used probiotic ways and 5 studies used non-probiotic ways), 56% of studies could improve anxiety symptoms, and 80% of studies that conducted the non-probiotic interventions were effective, while 45% of studies that used 展开更多
基金supported in part by grants from the National Institutes of Health(AG051773)and VA(BX000838)
文摘YAP（yes-associated protein） is a transcriptional factor that is negatively regulated by Hippo pathway, a conserved pathway for the development and size control of multiple organs. The exact function of YAP in bone homeostasis remains controversial. Here we provide evidence for YAP＇s function in promoting osteogenesis, suppressing adipogenesis, and thus maintaining bone homeostasis.YAP is selectively expressed in osteoblast（OB）-lineage cells. Conditionally knocking out Yap in the OB lineage in mice reduces cell proliferation and OB differentiation and increases adipocyte formation, resulting in a trabecular bone loss. Mechanistically, YAP interacts with β-catenin and is necessary for maintenance of nuclear β-catenin level and Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Expression of β-catenin in YAP-deficient BMSCs（bone marrow stromal cells） diminishes the osteogenesis deficit. These results thus identify YAP-β-catenin as an important pathway for osteogenesis during adult bone remodeling and uncover a mechanism underlying YAP regulation of bone homeostasis.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China Project:No.81473786
文摘Objective： To explore influence of electroacupuncture（EA） therapy of tonifying the kidney and regulating governor vessel on amyloid beta（Aβ） related degradation enzymes in the hippocampus of a rat model of Alzheimer＇s disease（AD） induced by Aβ（1-42）.Methods： Forty Wistar male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups： a normal group, a sham operation group, a model group and an EA group, 10 rats in each one. The rats in normal group were normally fed. The rats in sham operation group were bilaterally injected in the hippocampus with 5 μL of saline and they were normally fed after the injection. The rats in the model group and the EA group were bilaterally injected in the hippocampus with 5 μL of Aβ（1-42） on each side. Rats in the EA group received EA of 5 Hz continuous wave at the ＂Bǎihuì（百会 GV20）＂ and bilateral ＂Shènshū（肾俞 BL23）＂ for a duration of 15 min per time every day and continuously for 15 days. After 15 days, the hippocampal expression levels of insulin degrading enzyme（IDE）, lipoprotein（LPL）, transthyretin（TTR）, apolipoprotein E（APoE）,a2 macroglobulin（a2 M） and Aβ（1-42） of the 4 groups were tested by Western blot.Results： Compared with the sham operation group, the expression levels of IDE, LPL, TTR, APoE and a2 M in the hippocampus were significantly lower（P〈 0.05, P〈 0.01） and the expression of Aβ（1-42） was significantly higher（P〈 0.01） in the model group. Compared with the model group, the expression levels of IDE, LPL, TTR,APoE and a2 M in the hippocampus of these rats were significantly lower（P〈 0.05,P〈 0.01）, the expression of Aβ（1-42） was significantly higher（P〈 0.01） in the EA group.Conclusion： EA therapy of tonifying the kidney and regulating governor vessel can enhance the expression of IDE, LPL, TTR, APoE, and a2 M in the hippocampus of AD rats injected by Aβ（1-42）, and may consequently promote the degradation of aβ（1-42） to help improve the pathological man
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (81571326,81501153)National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFC0909200).
文摘Background Anxiety symptoms are common in mental diseases and a variety of physical disorders, especially in disorders related to stress. More and more basic studies have indicated that gut microbiota can regulate brain function through the gut-brain axis, and dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota was related to anxiety. However, there is no specific evidence to support treatment of anxiety by regulating intestinal microbiota. Aims To find evidence sup porting improvement of anxiety symptoms by regulation of intestinal microbiota. Methods This systematic review of randomised controlled trials was searched based on the following databases: PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, OVID, Web of Knowledge, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data, VIP databases and SinoMed. The retrieval time dated back to 25 July 2018. Then we screened research literatures based on established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Quality evaluation for each included study was done using the Cochrane risk of bias and the Jadad scale. Results A total of 3334 articles were retrieved and 21 studies were included which contained 1503 subjects. In the 21 studies, 15 chose probiotics as interventions to regulate intestinal microbiota and six chose non-probiotic ways such as adjusting daily diets. Probiotic supplements in seven studies contained only one kind of probiotic, two studies used a product that contained two kinds of probiotics and the supplements used in the other five studies included at least three kinds of probiotics. In the studies that used treatment as usual plus interventions regulating intestinal flora (IRIF) as interventions (five studies), only non-probiotic ways were effective (two studies), which means 40% of studies were effective;in the studies that used IRIF alone (16 studies, 11 studies used probiotic ways and 5 studies used non-probiotic ways), 56% of studies could improve anxiety symptoms, and 80% of studies that conducted the non-probiotic interventions were effective, while 45% of studies that used
