Avian interspecific brood parasitism is an excellent system for studying coevolutionary processes in nature because brood parasites directly affect host reproductive success.Most research on avian brood parasitism has...Avian interspecific brood parasitism is an excellent system for studying coevolutionary processes in nature because brood parasites directly affect host reproductive success.Most research on avian brood parasitism has,therefore,focused primarily on specific host anti-parasite behaviours and parasite counter-adaptations.However,the population-level consequences of brood parasitism for host species are poorly understood.This study investigated the effect of Common Cuckoo(Cuculus canorus)parasitism on the productivity of a local population of the Great Reed Warbler(Acrocephalus arundinaceus)host in south-western Slovakia.A total of 495 females nesting at the studied site successfully fledged 1321 of their own young and 63 young of the Common Cuckoo over the course of 15 years(2008-2022),and the annual rate of successful parasitism ranged from 18% to 44% over this period.As predicted,higher rates of successful cuckoo parasitism significantly reduced the annual productivity of the local Great Reed Warbler population,and its contribution to decreased host reproductive success was at about the same rate as overall nest failure caused by predation and other environmental factors.Such a heavily parasitized population was probably maintained by immigrants from other populations and density-dependent selection,which is also consistent with source-sink dynamics.However,further long-term studies monitoring parasitized populations are required to confirm these findings.展开更多
[Objective]The aim of this study was to reveal the relationship between the reed and salinity in severely salinized area,so as to making clear the vertical distribution of underground biomass of reed.[Method]Field inv...[Objective]The aim of this study was to reveal the relationship between the reed and salinity in severely salinized area,so as to making clear the vertical distribution of underground biomass of reed.[Method]Field investigation and sampling method were used to get the mass accurate data of underground biomass of reed.further its vertical distribution was analyzed using combined statistical and ecological method.Moreover,the C/N ratio was obtained by measuring the contents of organic carbon and nitrogen in reed wetland soil.The correlation model among organic carbon,nitrogen of reed wetlands and C/N were finally analyzed.[Result]Total underground biomass of reed population is concentrated at 10 to 40 cm underground soil layer.Thick root plays crucial role in the composition of reed total biomass,Overall change of organic carbon and total nitrogen shows a declining trend.The content of organic carbon and nitrogen in soils becpmes stable below 50 cm from the surface.The content of organic carbon in soil is positively correlated with total nitrogen in soil at significant level.[Conclusion]These results provided theoretical basis for revealing underground biomass of reed in salinized area of arid region.展开更多
文摘Avian interspecific brood parasitism is an excellent system for studying coevolutionary processes in nature because brood parasites directly affect host reproductive success.Most research on avian brood parasitism has,therefore,focused primarily on specific host anti-parasite behaviours and parasite counter-adaptations.However,the population-level consequences of brood parasitism for host species are poorly understood.This study investigated the effect of Common Cuckoo(Cuculus canorus)parasitism on the productivity of a local population of the Great Reed Warbler(Acrocephalus arundinaceus)host in south-western Slovakia.A total of 495 females nesting at the studied site successfully fledged 1321 of their own young and 63 young of the Common Cuckoo over the course of 15 years(2008-2022),and the annual rate of successful parasitism ranged from 18% to 44% over this period.As predicted,higher rates of successful cuckoo parasitism significantly reduced the annual productivity of the local Great Reed Warbler population,and its contribution to decreased host reproductive success was at about the same rate as overall nest failure caused by predation and other environmental factors.Such a heavily parasitized population was probably maintained by immigrants from other populations and density-dependent selection,which is also consistent with source-sink dynamics.However,further long-term studies monitoring parasitized populations are required to confirm these findings.
基金Supported by Land Use and Sustainable Development Research on Tarim Euphrates Poplar National Nature Reserve of Tarim Lake in Xinjiang(I/78636)~~
文摘[Objective]The aim of this study was to reveal the relationship between the reed and salinity in severely salinized area,so as to making clear the vertical distribution of underground biomass of reed.[Method]Field investigation and sampling method were used to get the mass accurate data of underground biomass of reed.further its vertical distribution was analyzed using combined statistical and ecological method.Moreover,the C/N ratio was obtained by measuring the contents of organic carbon and nitrogen in reed wetland soil.The correlation model among organic carbon,nitrogen of reed wetlands and C/N were finally analyzed.[Result]Total underground biomass of reed population is concentrated at 10 to 40 cm underground soil layer.Thick root plays crucial role in the composition of reed total biomass,Overall change of organic carbon and total nitrogen shows a declining trend.The content of organic carbon and nitrogen in soils becpmes stable below 50 cm from the surface.The content of organic carbon in soil is positively correlated with total nitrogen in soil at significant level.[Conclusion]These results provided theoretical basis for revealing underground biomass of reed in salinized area of arid region.
