Abstract: The dormancy breaking and storage behavior of Garcinia cowa Roxb. seeds were investigated. The seeds of G. cowa had 8–11 months dormancy in their natural habitat. Seeds were matured and dispersed at the end...Abstract: The dormancy breaking and storage behavior of Garcinia cowa Roxb. seeds were investigated. The seeds of G. cowa had 8–11 months dormancy in their natural habitat. Seeds were matured and dispersed at the end of the rainy season (mid-late August to late September) and were scatter-hoarded by rodents as food for winter after the seeds had fallen to the ground. Seedlings often emerged in the forest during the rainy season (May to August) the following year. Intact seeds of G. cowa failed to germinate after being sown at 30 °C for 120 d and the mean germination time (MGT) of seeds cultured in a shade (50% sunlight) nursery was 252 d. The most effective method of breaking dormancy was to remove the seed coat totally, which reduced the MGT to 13 d at 30 °C. Germination was also promoted by partial removal of the seed coat (excising the hilum and exposing the radicle) and chemical scarification (immersion in 1% H2O2 for 1 d). Unscarified seeds take up water rapidly in the first 96 h, but water was absorbed by the outside seed coat, without penetrating through it. The moisture content (MC) of G. cowa seeds was high (50% in fresh weight) at shedding. The seeds could tolerate desiccation to some extent, until the MC reached approximately 40%; below that, the viability decreases rapidly and all seeds died at approximately 17% of MC. Seed viability decreased rapidly when seeds were chilled at 4 °C; germination was 2% after storage for 1 week. Even stored at 10 °C, seeds began to be damaged after 4 weeks. Seed storage for 1 yr revealed that in both dry (relative humidity (35 ± 5)%) and moist (wet sand) storage conditions, seed viability declined, but germination percentages for seeds stored under moist conditions are better than for seed stored under dry conditions. Because of their low tolerance to desiccation, marked chilling sensitivity and relatively short lifespan, G. cowa seeds should be classified into the tropical recalcitrant category. The ecological implications of dormant recalcitrant seeds and cues展开更多
The in vitro inhibitory effect of trihydroxybenzoic acid dimer(TAD) extracted from Trapabispinosd roxb on HeLa cell growth was investigated via the MTT[3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diophenyl-tetrazolium bromide] r...The in vitro inhibitory effect of trihydroxybenzoic acid dimer(TAD) extracted from Trapabispinosd roxb on HeLa cell growth was investigated via the MTT[3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diophenyl-tetrazolium bromide] reduction method. The morphological changes of HeLa cells were observed by means of an optical microscope and a transmission electron microscope(TEM); the cell circles and apoptosis were detected by a flow cytometer. It was found that TAD can significantly inhibit the growth of Hela cells and can induce the apoptosis of HeLa cells. It was also found that the inhibition to the growth of Hela cells and the induction to the apoptosis of HeLa cells have a dosage-dependent feature. The inhibiting rates of TAD with mass concentrations of 25.000, 12.500 and 6.250 mg/L to the HeLa cell growth were 52.04%, 34.44% and 23.72% after 30 h, respectively, while those with TAD mass concentrations of 100.000, 50.000, 25.000, 12.500, 6.250 and 3.125 mg/L showed positive correlation with a correlation coefficient value of r=0.9859(P<0.01) and a IC_ 50 value of 10.90 mg/L. Observed by means of TEM, the HeLa cells exposed to 25.000, 12.500 and 6.250 mg/L TAD showed apoptosis to various extents, shrinkage of the cell nuclei, condensation and margination of chromatin, and cavitation of mitochondrion. An apoptosis peak was detected via a flow cytometer. It can be drawn from the results that TAD extracted from Trapabispinosd roxb has an evident inhibitory effect on the proliferation of and an inductive effect on the apoptosis of HeLa cells, but has no obvious arrest action towards the cell circles of HeLa cells.展开更多
Phytolacca acinosa Roxb. （P acinosa） is a recently discovered manganese hyperaccumulator plant from southern China. It is a good candidate for phytoremediation of manganese（Mn） polluted soil for its high biomass a...Phytolacca acinosa Roxb. （P acinosa） is a recently discovered manganese hyperaccumulator plant from southern China. It is a good candidate for phytoremediation of manganese（Mn） polluted soil for its high biomass and fast growth. Knowledge of the tissue localization and identification of heavy metals can provide essential information on metal toxicity and bioaccumulation mechanisms. Synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy （SRXRF） microprobe was used in this study to investigate the cellular distributions of Mn and other elements in root, stem, leaf, petiole and midrib of P. acinosa. The highest Mn content was found in the vascular tissues of root, stem, petiole and midrib. Cortex in root played a key role in Mn absorption and Mn was limited in the vascular bundle during the process of transportation in stem. Moreover, Mn content in leaf epidermis was higher than that in mesophyll, which suggested that the sequestration of Mn in leaf epidermis might be one of the detoxification mechanisms of P. acinosa. The significance of other elemental （such as P, S, K, Ca, Fe, Zn and Cu） distribution patterns and the correlation with Mn were also discussed.展开更多
The aim of this study is to investigate the biological effects of ion beams on pollen. Pollen grains of Cedrus deodara were implanted with 30 keV nitrogen ion beams at doses ranging from 1 × 10^15 ions/cm^2 to 15...The aim of this study is to investigate the biological effects of ion beams on pollen. Pollen grains of Cedrus deodara were implanted with 30 keV nitrogen ion beams at doses ranging from 1 × 10^15 ions/cm^2 to 15 × 10^15 ions/cm^2. The effects of N^＋ implantation on the pollen exine substructure were examined using an atomic force microscope （AFM）, and the structure and morphology of pollen and pollen tubes were observed using a laser scanning confocal microscope （LSCM）. AFM observations distinctly revealed the erosion of the pollen exine caused by N^＋ implantation in the micrometer to nanometer range. Typical results showed that the erosion degree was linearly proportional to the ion dose. Pollen germination experiments in vitro indicated that N^＋ implantation within a certain dose range increased the rate of pollen germination. The main abnormal phenomena in pollen tubes were also analyzed. Our results suggest that low energy ion implantation with suitable energy and dosage can be used to break the pollen wall to induce a transfer of exogenous DNA into the pollen without any damage to the cytoplasm and nuclei of the pollen. The present study suggests that a combination of the method of ion-beam-induced gene transfer and the pollen-tube pathway method （PTPW） would be a new plant transformation method.展开更多
The development prospect of Pennisetum Sinese Roxb. is receiving much concern of domestic researchers. In this paper,literature of Pennisetum Sinese Roxb. was taken as basis,and bibliometric analysis method was used t...The development prospect of Pennisetum Sinese Roxb. is receiving much concern of domestic researchers. In this paper,literature of Pennisetum Sinese Roxb. was taken as basis,and bibliometric analysis method was used to make statistics of distribution of years,research institutions,authors,and research fields. The results showed that research fields of Pennisetum Sinese Roxb. in China were mainly ecological restoration,accounting for 13. 27% of the total literature; the research took on dynamic and diversified cooperation trend. In recent 5 years,the number of papers significantly increased,accounting for 93. 04% of the total literature. The distribution of authors and regions were relatively concentrated,but the overall level of research is low.展开更多
Objective: To investigate chemical constituents and new antimicrobial agents among essential oils from the rhizomes of Curcuma aeruginosa(C. aeruginosa) Roxb., Curcuma glans K. Larsen & J. Mood and Curcuma cf. xan...Objective: To investigate chemical constituents and new antimicrobial agents among essential oils from the rhizomes of Curcuma aeruginosa(C. aeruginosa) Roxb., Curcuma glans K. Larsen & J. Mood and Curcuma cf. xanthorrhiza Roxb.Methods: The essential oils were obtained by hydro-distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy. Agar-well diffusion assay was used to study the antimicrobial activity and also broth-micro dilution techniques were examined for minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) against four bacterial strains and yeast.Results: The gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy analysis showed monoterpenes predominantly(88.53%) in the rhizome oil of Curcuma cf. xanthorrhiza. Sesquiterpenes(50.10%) was the most abundant component in the essential oil of C. glans, while monoterpenes(45.55%) and sesquiterpenes(45.81%) were found in C. aeruginosa with a significant amount. The major components of C. aeruginosa were characterized as camphor(29.39%) and germacrone(21.21%). Germacrone(15.76%), b-pinene(9.97%)and camphor(9.96%) were found as major compounds in the rhizome oils of C. glans while a-terpinolene(24.86%) and p-cymen-7-ol(12.17%) were found as major compositions in Curcuma cf. xanthorrhiza. The essential oils were tested against four bacterial strains and yeast. As a result, the rhizome oil of C. aeruginosa exhibited potent activity against Staphylococcus aureus [inhibition zone(21.94 ± 0.24) mm, MIC 125 μg/mL],Bacillus cereus [inhibition zone(20.83 ± 0.36) mm, MIC 125 μg/mL], and Candida albicans [inhibition zone(11.60 ± 0.30) mm, MIC 250 μg/mL].Conclusions: The essential oils from three Curcuma species possessed greater activity against the gram-positive bacteria(Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus) than gram-negative bacteria(Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). The results suggest that the essential oils from the fresh rhizome of Curcuma spp. might be a potential source of natural antimicrobial substances.展开更多
Season and concentration of sterilizing agents play a significant role for establishment of aseptic in vitro shoot cultures and sprouting of nodal explants from field growing culms of bamboo species. In the present in...Season and concentration of sterilizing agents play a significant role for establishment of aseptic in vitro shoot cultures and sprouting of nodal explants from field growing culms of bamboo species. In the present investigation the nodal segment explants of Bambusa tulda Roxb collected in different seasons and treated with various concentrations of HgC12 showed significant variation in aseptic culture establishment and bud break. The rainy season （July-August） recorded with highest of 78% aseptic culture establishment whereas autumn recorded with lowest 46%. Summer and winter seasons emerged to be the best period, registering 〉 60% in vitro bud break. On the other hand, the autumn season had the lowest value for bud break, i.e. 42%. Among different doses of sterilizing agent tried, HgC12 0.1% found to be suitable for maximum aseptic culture establishment （66%） as well as bud break （59%）. However, among the interactions, summer season and the dose of 0.1% HgC12 exhibited maximum of 73% response for both aseptic culture establishment and bud break. MS medium （liquid） enriched with 5.0 μM BA ＋5.0 μM Kn [Kinetin （N6-Furfuryladenine）] with additional supplementation of 100 μM glutamine ＋ 0.1 μM IAA supported a maximum in vitro shoot multiplication of 4.75 fold. The proliferated shoots were successfully rooted on MS medium （liquid） supplemented 40 μM coumarin. The plantlets transferred to the polythene bags showed 98% survival.展开更多
The plant height,tiller number,yield of three warm-season forage varieties in Southern China were studied for consecutive two years.The result showed that the three varieties all adapted to the environmental condition...The plant height,tiller number,yield of three warm-season forage varieties in Southern China were studied for consecutive two years.The result showed that the three varieties all adapted to the environmental conditions.The annual fresh grass yield of Pennisetum purpureum Schum ev.Taiwan,Guimu-1 hybrid P.purpureum and P.sinese Roxb were 220.85,163.18,186.20 t/hm^2;the crude protein content were 17.39%,19.02%and 20.91%;the crude fat content were 6.37%,5.37%and 4.69%;and the crude fiber content were 33.49%,32.22%and 33.58%,respectively.P.purpureum Schum ev.Taiwan had stronger cold resistance,fast growth after overwintering and strong resistance,and no plant diseases and insect pests were found during the test.P.purpureum Schum ev.Taiwan is a high yield and high quality forage variety,which is worth popularizing and applying.展开更多
[ Objective ] This study aimed to obtain Phytolacca acinosa Roxb. polyploids and provide high-efficiency raw materials for the preparation of biological pesticides. [Method] Terminal bud growing points of Phytolacca a...[ Objective ] This study aimed to obtain Phytolacca acinosa Roxb. polyploids and provide high-efficiency raw materials for the preparation of biological pesticides. [Method] Terminal bud growing points of Phytolacca acinosa Roxb. seedlings were treated with 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% colchicine and 1% agar solution for 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively, while Phytolacca acinosa Roxb. without treatment was adopted as the control. The mutagenic effect of various concentrations of colchicine was calculated. Phytolacca acinosa Roxb. mutants were identified using morphological, anatomical and cytological methods. [ Result] Induction with 0. 2% colchicine for 48 h led to the highest mntagenic effect. Compared with the control, leaf width and leaf thickness of mutants were enhanced by 40. 15% and 33. 25%, respectively; vertical and horizontal diameter of stomata of mutants were enhanced by 30.25% and 60.82%, respectively ; the stomata density of mutants was improved by 150%. Identification of meiotic chromosome of pollen mother cells using compression method showed that the chromosome number of microspore cells of Phytolacca acinosa Roxb. mutants was n = 2 x = 36, while that of the control was n = x = 18, indicating that the mutants were tetraploids. [ Conclusion ] Phytolacca acinosa Roxb. polyploids were induced using the traditional liquid droplet method, which was easy and direct with simple operation and good effect to acquire a large number of polyploid materials within a short time.展开更多
文摘Abstract: The dormancy breaking and storage behavior of Garcinia cowa Roxb. seeds were investigated. The seeds of G. cowa had 8–11 months dormancy in their natural habitat. Seeds were matured and dispersed at the end of the rainy season (mid-late August to late September) and were scatter-hoarded by rodents as food for winter after the seeds had fallen to the ground. Seedlings often emerged in the forest during the rainy season (May to August) the following year. Intact seeds of G. cowa failed to germinate after being sown at 30 °C for 120 d and the mean germination time (MGT) of seeds cultured in a shade (50% sunlight) nursery was 252 d. The most effective method of breaking dormancy was to remove the seed coat totally, which reduced the MGT to 13 d at 30 °C. Germination was also promoted by partial removal of the seed coat (excising the hilum and exposing the radicle) and chemical scarification (immersion in 1% H2O2 for 1 d). Unscarified seeds take up water rapidly in the first 96 h, but water was absorbed by the outside seed coat, without penetrating through it. The moisture content (MC) of G. cowa seeds was high (50% in fresh weight) at shedding. The seeds could tolerate desiccation to some extent, until the MC reached approximately 40%; below that, the viability decreases rapidly and all seeds died at approximately 17% of MC. Seed viability decreased rapidly when seeds were chilled at 4 °C; germination was 2% after storage for 1 week. Even stored at 10 °C, seeds began to be damaged after 4 weeks. Seed storage for 1 yr revealed that in both dry (relative humidity (35 ± 5)%) and moist (wet sand) storage conditions, seed viability declined, but germination percentages for seeds stored under moist conditions are better than for seed stored under dry conditions. Because of their low tolerance to desiccation, marked chilling sensitivity and relatively short lifespan, G. cowa seeds should be classified into the tropical recalcitrant category. The ecological implications of dormant recalcitrant seeds and cues
文摘The in vitro inhibitory effect of trihydroxybenzoic acid dimer(TAD) extracted from Trapabispinosd roxb on HeLa cell growth was investigated via the MTT[3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diophenyl-tetrazolium bromide] reduction method. The morphological changes of HeLa cells were observed by means of an optical microscope and a transmission electron microscope(TEM); the cell circles and apoptosis were detected by a flow cytometer. It was found that TAD can significantly inhibit the growth of Hela cells and can induce the apoptosis of HeLa cells. It was also found that the inhibition to the growth of Hela cells and the induction to the apoptosis of HeLa cells have a dosage-dependent feature. The inhibiting rates of TAD with mass concentrations of 25.000, 12.500 and 6.250 mg/L to the HeLa cell growth were 52.04%, 34.44% and 23.72% after 30 h, respectively, while those with TAD mass concentrations of 100.000, 50.000, 25.000, 12.500, 6.250 and 3.125 mg/L showed positive correlation with a correlation coefficient value of r=0.9859(P<0.01) and a IC_ 50 value of 10.90 mg/L. Observed by means of TEM, the HeLa cells exposed to 25.000, 12.500 and 6.250 mg/L TAD showed apoptosis to various extents, shrinkage of the cell nuclei, condensation and margination of chromatin, and cavitation of mitochondrion. An apoptosis peak was detected via a flow cytometer. It can be drawn from the results that TAD extracted from Trapabispinosd roxb has an evident inhibitory effect on the proliferation of and an inductive effect on the apoptosis of HeLa cells, but has no obvious arrest action towards the cell circles of HeLa cells.
文摘Phytolacca acinosa Roxb. （P acinosa） is a recently discovered manganese hyperaccumulator plant from southern China. It is a good candidate for phytoremediation of manganese（Mn） polluted soil for its high biomass and fast growth. Knowledge of the tissue localization and identification of heavy metals can provide essential information on metal toxicity and bioaccumulation mechanisms. Synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy （SRXRF） microprobe was used in this study to investigate the cellular distributions of Mn and other elements in root, stem, leaf, petiole and midrib of P. acinosa. The highest Mn content was found in the vascular tissues of root, stem, petiole and midrib. Cortex in root played a key role in Mn absorption and Mn was limited in the vascular bundle during the process of transportation in stem. Moreover, Mn content in leaf epidermis was higher than that in mesophyll, which suggested that the sequestration of Mn in leaf epidermis might be one of the detoxification mechanisms of P. acinosa. The significance of other elemental （such as P, S, K, Ca, Fe, Zn and Cu） distribution patterns and the correlation with Mn were also discussed.
文摘The aim of this study is to investigate the biological effects of ion beams on pollen. Pollen grains of Cedrus deodara were implanted with 30 keV nitrogen ion beams at doses ranging from 1 × 10^15 ions/cm^2 to 15 × 10^15 ions/cm^2. The effects of N^＋ implantation on the pollen exine substructure were examined using an atomic force microscope （AFM）, and the structure and morphology of pollen and pollen tubes were observed using a laser scanning confocal microscope （LSCM）. AFM observations distinctly revealed the erosion of the pollen exine caused by N^＋ implantation in the micrometer to nanometer range. Typical results showed that the erosion degree was linearly proportional to the ion dose. Pollen germination experiments in vitro indicated that N^＋ implantation within a certain dose range increased the rate of pollen germination. The main abnormal phenomena in pollen tubes were also analyzed. Our results suggest that low energy ion implantation with suitable energy and dosage can be used to break the pollen wall to induce a transfer of exogenous DNA into the pollen without any damage to the cytoplasm and nuclei of the pollen. The present study suggests that a combination of the method of ion-beam-induced gene transfer and the pollen-tube pathway method （PTPW） would be a new plant transformation method.
基金Supported by Emergency Management Project of National Natural Science Foundation(31160292)
文摘The development prospect of Pennisetum Sinese Roxb. is receiving much concern of domestic researchers. In this paper,literature of Pennisetum Sinese Roxb. was taken as basis,and bibliometric analysis method was used to make statistics of distribution of years,research institutions,authors,and research fields. The results showed that research fields of Pennisetum Sinese Roxb. in China were mainly ecological restoration,accounting for 13. 27% of the total literature; the research took on dynamic and diversified cooperation trend. In recent 5 years,the number of papers significantly increased,accounting for 93. 04% of the total literature. The distribution of authors and regions were relatively concentrated,but the overall level of research is low.
基金supported by the grants from the Biodiversity-Based Economy Development Office Public Organization -National Research Council of Thailand(Grant number.R000012298)Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences,the Faculty of Pharmacy and the Graduate School,Chiang Mai University,Chiang Mai,Thailand
文摘Objective: To investigate chemical constituents and new antimicrobial agents among essential oils from the rhizomes of Curcuma aeruginosa(C. aeruginosa) Roxb., Curcuma glans K. Larsen & J. Mood and Curcuma cf. xanthorrhiza Roxb.Methods: The essential oils were obtained by hydro-distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy. Agar-well diffusion assay was used to study the antimicrobial activity and also broth-micro dilution techniques were examined for minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) against four bacterial strains and yeast.Results: The gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy analysis showed monoterpenes predominantly(88.53%) in the rhizome oil of Curcuma cf. xanthorrhiza. Sesquiterpenes(50.10%) was the most abundant component in the essential oil of C. glans, while monoterpenes(45.55%) and sesquiterpenes(45.81%) were found in C. aeruginosa with a significant amount. The major components of C. aeruginosa were characterized as camphor(29.39%) and germacrone(21.21%). Germacrone(15.76%), b-pinene(9.97%)and camphor(9.96%) were found as major compounds in the rhizome oils of C. glans while a-terpinolene(24.86%) and p-cymen-7-ol(12.17%) were found as major compositions in Curcuma cf. xanthorrhiza. The essential oils were tested against four bacterial strains and yeast. As a result, the rhizome oil of C. aeruginosa exhibited potent activity against Staphylococcus aureus [inhibition zone(21.94 ± 0.24) mm, MIC 125 μg/mL],Bacillus cereus [inhibition zone(20.83 ± 0.36) mm, MIC 125 μg/mL], and Candida albicans [inhibition zone(11.60 ± 0.30) mm, MIC 250 μg/mL].Conclusions: The essential oils from three Curcuma species possessed greater activity against the gram-positive bacteria(Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus) than gram-negative bacteria(Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). The results suggest that the essential oils from the fresh rhizome of Curcuma spp. might be a potential source of natural antimicrobial substances.
基金supported by Project of Commercial production of quality planting material of bamboo species(No.213/2014/Gen-1(NBM)(3)
文摘Season and concentration of sterilizing agents play a significant role for establishment of aseptic in vitro shoot cultures and sprouting of nodal explants from field growing culms of bamboo species. In the present investigation the nodal segment explants of Bambusa tulda Roxb collected in different seasons and treated with various concentrations of HgC12 showed significant variation in aseptic culture establishment and bud break. The rainy season （July-August） recorded with highest of 78% aseptic culture establishment whereas autumn recorded with lowest 46%. Summer and winter seasons emerged to be the best period, registering 〉 60% in vitro bud break. On the other hand, the autumn season had the lowest value for bud break, i.e. 42%. Among different doses of sterilizing agent tried, HgC12 0.1% found to be suitable for maximum aseptic culture establishment （66%） as well as bud break （59%）. However, among the interactions, summer season and the dose of 0.1% HgC12 exhibited maximum of 73% response for both aseptic culture establishment and bud break. MS medium （liquid） enriched with 5.0 μM BA ＋5.0 μM Kn [Kinetin （N6-Furfuryladenine）] with additional supplementation of 100 μM glutamine ＋ 0.1 μM IAA supported a maximum in vitro shoot multiplication of 4.75 fold. The proliferated shoots were successfully rooted on MS medium （liquid） supplemented 40 μM coumarin. The plantlets transferred to the polythene bags showed 98% survival.
基金Supported by Introduction,Cultivation,Demonstration and Promotion Fund Project of High-quality Forage Grass(2010CY012)
文摘The plant height,tiller number,yield of three warm-season forage varieties in Southern China were studied for consecutive two years.The result showed that the three varieties all adapted to the environmental conditions.The annual fresh grass yield of Pennisetum purpureum Schum ev.Taiwan,Guimu-1 hybrid P.purpureum and P.sinese Roxb were 220.85,163.18,186.20 t/hm^2;the crude protein content were 17.39%,19.02%and 20.91%;the crude fat content were 6.37%,5.37%and 4.69%;and the crude fiber content were 33.49%,32.22%and 33.58%,respectively.P.purpureum Schum ev.Taiwan had stronger cold resistance,fast growth after overwintering and strong resistance,and no plant diseases and insect pests were found during the test.P.purpureum Schum ev.Taiwan is a high yield and high quality forage variety,which is worth popularizing and applying.
文摘[ Objective ] This study aimed to obtain Phytolacca acinosa Roxb. polyploids and provide high-efficiency raw materials for the preparation of biological pesticides. [Method] Terminal bud growing points of Phytolacca acinosa Roxb. seedlings were treated with 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% colchicine and 1% agar solution for 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively, while Phytolacca acinosa Roxb. without treatment was adopted as the control. The mutagenic effect of various concentrations of colchicine was calculated. Phytolacca acinosa Roxb. mutants were identified using morphological, anatomical and cytological methods. [ Result] Induction with 0. 2% colchicine for 48 h led to the highest mntagenic effect. Compared with the control, leaf width and leaf thickness of mutants were enhanced by 40. 15% and 33. 25%, respectively; vertical and horizontal diameter of stomata of mutants were enhanced by 30.25% and 60.82%, respectively ; the stomata density of mutants was improved by 150%. Identification of meiotic chromosome of pollen mother cells using compression method showed that the chromosome number of microspore cells of Phytolacca acinosa Roxb. mutants was n = 2 x = 36, while that of the control was n = x = 18, indicating that the mutants were tetraploids. [ Conclusion ] Phytolacca acinosa Roxb. polyploids were induced using the traditional liquid droplet method, which was easy and direct with simple operation and good effect to acquire a large number of polyploid materials within a short time.
