Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC),the eighth most prevalent cancer in the world,arises from the interaction of multiple factors including tobacco,alcohol consumption,and betel quid.Chemotherapeutic agents such as cis...Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC),the eighth most prevalent cancer in the world,arises from the interaction of multiple factors including tobacco,alcohol consumption,and betel quid.Chemotherapeutic agents such as cisplatin,5-fluorouracil,and paclitaxel have now become the first-line options for OSCC patients.Nevertheless,most OSCC patients eventually acquire drug resistance,leading to poor prognosis.With the discovery and identification of non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs),the functions of dysregulated ncRNAs in OSCC development and drug resistance are gradually being widely recognized.The mechanisms of drug resistance of OSCC are intricate and involve drug efflux,epithelial-mesenchymal transition,DNA damage repair,and autophagy.At present,strategies to explore the reversal of drug resistance of OSCC need to be urgently developed.Nano-delivery and self-cellular drug delivery platforms are considered as effective strategies to overcome drug resistance due to their tumor targeting,controlled release,and consistent pharmacokinetic profiles.In particular,the combined application of new technologies(including CRISPR systems)opened up new horizons for the treatment of drug resistance of OSCC.Hence,this review explored emerging regulatory functions of ncRNAs in drug resistance of OSCC,elucidated multiple ncRNA-meditated mechanisms of drug resistance of OSCC,and discussed the potential value of drug delivery platforms using nanoparticles and self-cells as carriers in drug resistance of OSCC.展开更多
Chemotherapy is one of the important methods to treat cancer,and the emergence of multidrug resistance(MDR)is one major cause for the failure of cancer chemotherapy.Almost all anti-tumor drugs develop drug resistance ...Chemotherapy is one of the important methods to treat cancer,and the emergence of multidrug resistance(MDR)is one major cause for the failure of cancer chemotherapy.Almost all anti-tumor drugs develop drug resistance over a period of time of application in cancer patients,reducing their effects on killing cancer cells.Chemoresistance can lead to a rapid recurrence of cancers and ultimately patient death.MDR may be induced by multiple mechanisms,which are associated with a complex process of multiple genes,factors,pathways,and multiple steps,and today the MDR-associated mechanisms are largely unknown.In this paper,from the aspects of protein–protein interactions,alternative splicing(AS)in pre-mRNA,non-coding RNA(ncRNA)mediation,genome mutations,variance in cell functions,and influence from the tumor microenvironment,we summarize the molecular mechanisms associated with MDR in cancers.In the end,prospects for the exploration of antitumor drugs that can reverse MDR are briefly discussed from the angle of drug systems with improved targeting properties,biocompatibility,availability,and other advantages.展开更多
Non-exosomal non-coding RNAs(non-exo-ncRNAs)and exosomal ncRNAs(exo-ncRNAs)have been associated with the pathological development of myocardial infarction(MI).Accordingly,this analytical review provides an overview of...Non-exosomal non-coding RNAs(non-exo-ncRNAs)and exosomal ncRNAs(exo-ncRNAs)have been associated with the pathological development of myocardial infarction(MI).Accordingly,this analytical review provides an overview of current MI studies on the role of plasma non-exo/exo-ncRNAs.We summarize the features and crucial roles of ncRNAs and reveal their novel biological correlations via bioinformatics analysis.The following contributions are made:(1)we comprehensively describe the expression profile,competing endogenous RNA(ceRNA)network,and“pre-necrotic”biomarkers of non-exo/exo-ncRNAs for MI;(2)functional enrichment analysis indicates that the target genes of ncRNAs are enriched in the regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway and cellular response to chemical stress,etc.;(3)we propose an updated and comprehensive view on the mechanisms,pathophysiology,and biomarker roles of non-exo/exo-ncRNAs in MI,thereby providing a theoretical basis for the clinical management of MI.展开更多
With the development of modern sequencing techniques and bioinformatics, genomes that were once thought to be noncoding have been found to encode abundant functional micropeptides(miPs), a kind of small polypeptides. ...With the development of modern sequencing techniques and bioinformatics, genomes that were once thought to be noncoding have been found to encode abundant functional micropeptides(miPs), a kind of small polypeptides. Although miPs are difficult to analyze and identify, a number of studies have begun to focus on them. More and more miPs have been revealed as essential for energy metabolism homeostasis, immune regulation, and tumor growth and development. Many reports have shown that miPs are especially essential for regulating glucose and lipid metabolism and regulating mitochondrial function.MiPs are also involved in the progression of related diseases. This paper reviews the sources and identification of miPs, as well as the functional significance of miPs for metabolism-related diseases, with the aim of revealing their potential clinical applications.展开更多
非编码RNA(non-coding RNA,ncRNA)为一类不编码蛋白的RNA分子,是机体重要的生物调控因子,在转录及转录后水平调控基因表达,影响糖尿病血管病变的发展过程。ncRNA按其片段大小主要分为微RNA(microRNA,miRNA)、长链非编码RNA(long non cod...非编码RNA(non-coding RNA,ncRNA)为一类不编码蛋白的RNA分子,是机体重要的生物调控因子,在转录及转录后水平调控基因表达,影响糖尿病血管病变的发展过程。ncRNA按其片段大小主要分为微RNA(microRNA,miRNA)、长链非编码RNA(long non coding RNA,lncRNA)及环状RNA(circular RNA,circRNA)。miRNA可在转录后水平调控靶基因表达,并有成为临床诊断标志物的潜能。lncRNA影响多种分子信号通路,其在糖尿病血管病变中的作用逐渐受到关注。circRNA具有显著的基因调节功能,可与miRNA竞争结合位点,参与调控糖尿病血管病变。该文回顾目前有关ncRNA与糖尿病血管病变的研究,探讨ncRNA与糖尿病微血管及大血管病变间的关系,为糖尿病血管病变的诊断和治疗提供新思路。展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:81700522Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province,Grant/Award Numbers:1808085MH235,1908085QH328Grants for ScientificResearch of BSKY from Anhui Medical University,Grant/Award Number:XJ201706。
文摘Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC),the eighth most prevalent cancer in the world,arises from the interaction of multiple factors including tobacco,alcohol consumption,and betel quid.Chemotherapeutic agents such as cisplatin,5-fluorouracil,and paclitaxel have now become the first-line options for OSCC patients.Nevertheless,most OSCC patients eventually acquire drug resistance,leading to poor prognosis.With the discovery and identification of non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs),the functions of dysregulated ncRNAs in OSCC development and drug resistance are gradually being widely recognized.The mechanisms of drug resistance of OSCC are intricate and involve drug efflux,epithelial-mesenchymal transition,DNA damage repair,and autophagy.At present,strategies to explore the reversal of drug resistance of OSCC need to be urgently developed.Nano-delivery and self-cellular drug delivery platforms are considered as effective strategies to overcome drug resistance due to their tumor targeting,controlled release,and consistent pharmacokinetic profiles.In particular,the combined application of new technologies(including CRISPR systems)opened up new horizons for the treatment of drug resistance of OSCC.Hence,this review explored emerging regulatory functions of ncRNAs in drug resistance of OSCC,elucidated multiple ncRNA-meditated mechanisms of drug resistance of OSCC,and discussed the potential value of drug delivery platforms using nanoparticles and self-cells as carriers in drug resistance of OSCC.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21877113,81971983)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2020I0036,China).
文摘Chemotherapy is one of the important methods to treat cancer,and the emergence of multidrug resistance(MDR)is one major cause for the failure of cancer chemotherapy.Almost all anti-tumor drugs develop drug resistance over a period of time of application in cancer patients,reducing their effects on killing cancer cells.Chemoresistance can lead to a rapid recurrence of cancers and ultimately patient death.MDR may be induced by multiple mechanisms,which are associated with a complex process of multiple genes,factors,pathways,and multiple steps,and today the MDR-associated mechanisms are largely unknown.In this paper,from the aspects of protein–protein interactions,alternative splicing(AS)in pre-mRNA,non-coding RNA(ncRNA)mediation,genome mutations,variance in cell functions,and influence from the tumor microenvironment,we summarize the molecular mechanisms associated with MDR in cancers.In the end,prospects for the exploration of antitumor drugs that can reverse MDR are briefly discussed from the angle of drug systems with improved targeting properties,biocompatibility,availability,and other advantages.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81860073,81760074,and 82160439)Yunnan Provincial Department of Science and Technology(No.202001AT070039)+10 种基金the Yunnan Health Training Project of High-Level Talents(No.H-2018032)the 100 Young and Middle-aged Academic and Technical Backbones of Kunming Medical University(No.60118260106)the Young Talents of Yunnan Thousand Talents Plan(Nos.YNQR-QNRC-2019-006 and RLQN20200002)the Graduate Student Innovation Fund of Kunming Medical University(No.2022S035)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81860073,81760074,and 82160439)Yunnan Provincial Department of Science and Technology(No.202001AT070039)Yunnan Health Training Project of High-Level Talents(No.H-2018032)100 Young and Middle-aged Academic and Technical Backbones of Kunming Medical University(No.60118260106)Young Talents of Yunnan Thousand Talents Plan(Nos.YNQR-QNRC-2019-006 and RLQN20200002)Graduate Student Innovation Fund of Kunming Medical University(No.2022S035)Clinical Medical Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease of Yunnan Province(No.ZX2019-03-01),China.
文摘Non-exosomal non-coding RNAs(non-exo-ncRNAs)and exosomal ncRNAs(exo-ncRNAs)have been associated with the pathological development of myocardial infarction(MI).Accordingly,this analytical review provides an overview of current MI studies on the role of plasma non-exo/exo-ncRNAs.We summarize the features and crucial roles of ncRNAs and reveal their novel biological correlations via bioinformatics analysis.The following contributions are made:(1)we comprehensively describe the expression profile,competing endogenous RNA(ceRNA)network,and“pre-necrotic”biomarkers of non-exo/exo-ncRNAs for MI;(2)functional enrichment analysis indicates that the target genes of ncRNAs are enriched in the regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway and cellular response to chemical stress,etc.;(3)we propose an updated and comprehensive view on the mechanisms,pathophysiology,and biomarker roles of non-exo/exo-ncRNAs in MI,thereby providing a theoretical basis for the clinical management of MI.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81870237)。
文摘With the development of modern sequencing techniques and bioinformatics, genomes that were once thought to be noncoding have been found to encode abundant functional micropeptides(miPs), a kind of small polypeptides. Although miPs are difficult to analyze and identify, a number of studies have begun to focus on them. More and more miPs have been revealed as essential for energy metabolism homeostasis, immune regulation, and tumor growth and development. Many reports have shown that miPs are especially essential for regulating glucose and lipid metabolism and regulating mitochondrial function.MiPs are also involved in the progression of related diseases. This paper reviews the sources and identification of miPs, as well as the functional significance of miPs for metabolism-related diseases, with the aim of revealing their potential clinical applications.
