Forty-nine microbial strains were used to screen their ability for the microbiological transforma-tion of ginsenoside Rg1. Aspergillus niger (3.1858) and Absidia coerulea (3.3538) were found to convert ginsenoside Rg1...Forty-nine microbial strains were used to screen their ability for the microbiological transforma-tion of ginsenoside Rg1. Aspergillus niger (3.1858) and Absidia coerulea (3.3538) were found to convert ginsenoside Rg1 efficiently to less polar metabolites. Preparative scale transformation with both fungi Absidia coerulea (3.3538) and Aspergillus niger (3.1858) have resulted in the production of one same metabolite (MT1). Its structure was char-acterized as 6-O-b-D-glucopyranosyl-20(S)-protopanaxatriol (Ginsenoside Rh1) on the basis of its TOF-MS and 1H, 13C NMR spectral data. The biotransformation kinetic curves for Ginsenoside Rg1 and MT1 were reported for the first time, and the biotransformation pathway was proposed.展开更多
Ginsenoside Rg1(Rg1), the major effective component of ginseng, has been shown to have multiple bioactivities, but low oral bioavailability. The aim of this study was to develop a simple, sensitive and rapid high perf...Ginsenoside Rg1(Rg1), the major effective component of ginseng, has been shown to have multiple bioactivities, but low oral bioavailability. The aim of this study was to develop a simple, sensitive and rapid high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry(LC–MS/MS) method, which could be used to validate and quantify the concentrations of Rg1 and its metabolites in Sprague-Dawley rat bile,urine, and feces after oral administration(25 mg/kg). Calibration curves offered satisfactory linearity(r40.995)within the determined ranges. Both intra-day and inter-day variances were less than 15%, and the accuracy was within 80–120%. The excretion recoveries of Rg1, ginsenoside Rh1(Rh1), and protopanaxatriol(Ppt) in bile,urine, and feces combined were all greater than 70%. The fecal excretion recoveries of Rg1, Rh1, and Ppt were40.11%, 22.19%, and 22.88%, respectively, whereas 6.88% of Rg1 and 0.09% of Rh1 were excreted in bile.Urinary excretion accounted for only 0.04% of Rg1. In conclusion, the observed excretion profiles for Rg1 and its metabolites after oral administration are helpful for understanding the poor oral bioavailability of Rg1 and will aid further investigations of Rg1 as a pharmacologically active component.展开更多
This study uses the data from a sample survey conducted in April 2007 on 1 251 rural households in 11 villages of Henan Province, the largest less developed agricultural province in China, to examine how geography aff...This study uses the data from a sample survey conducted in April 2007 on 1 251 rural households in 11 villages of Henan Province, the largest less developed agricultural province in China, to examine how geography affects rural household income （RHI）. The quantitative analysis indicates following results. I） The significance of the traditional geographical factors reduces as RHI rank increases. 2） The landform does not affect the RHI significantly. The per capita income of rural household in a plain area is lower than that in a mountainous area. And 3） the capital endowment and status of non-farm economic activities contribute to the increase of RHI. But the probability and intensity of non-farm economic activities of rural households in urban outskirts villages are higher than that in non-urban outskirts villages. Based on the results, the paper further concludes that geography still plays a significant role in rural development, but it is changing over time. The agricultural resources （such as per capita arable land） significantly affect RHI with the relatively lower income level, while the geographical location shows a more significant impact on RHI with the relatively high income level. Along with economic development, the proximity replaces the traditional geographical factors such as landform and physical resources as the major determining factor in RHI.展开更多
目的:同时测定提取三七总皂苷后的母液中人参皂苷R g1、R h1的含量。方法:采用反相高效液相色谱法测定三七总皂苷中人参皂苷R g1,R h1的含量。色谱柱:M erck L i L ichro CART(r)C18(125 mm×4 mm,5μm,德国)。流动相:乙腈-水(19∶8...目的:同时测定提取三七总皂苷后的母液中人参皂苷R g1、R h1的含量。方法:采用反相高效液相色谱法测定三七总皂苷中人参皂苷R g1,R h1的含量。色谱柱:M erck L i L ichro CART(r)C18(125 mm×4 mm,5μm,德国)。流动相:乙腈-水(19∶81、19∶81、40∶60、19∶81和19∶81)用80 m in的时间梯度洗脱。流速:1 m l/m in,检测波长为203 nm,柱温35oC。用外标法计算。结果:三七总皂苷母液中人参皂苷R g1的含量为23.07%,平均回收率为100.03%,RSD为0.49%;人参皂苷R h1的含量为12.05%,平均回收率为98.718%,RSD 0.42%。结论:提取三七总皂苷后剩余的母液中人参皂苷R g1、R h1的含量仍然很高,有很好的回收利用价值。展开更多
A novel saponin was isolated from the transformed products of ginsenoside Rh1 by Bacillus subtilis. It's structure was determined to be 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-6-O-β-D-gluco- pyranosyl-20 (S)-protopanaxatriol on ...A novel saponin was isolated from the transformed products of ginsenoside Rh1 by Bacillus subtilis. It's structure was determined to be 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-6-O-β-D-gluco- pyranosyl-20 (S)-protopanaxatriol on the basis of the spectral data.展开更多
Objective:To explore the regulatory mechanism of ginsenoside Rh1 on breast cancer cell extravasation based on CCL20-CCR6.Methods:In 2021,a total of 34 patients with breast cancer were treated in Baoding First Central ...Objective:To explore the regulatory mechanism of ginsenoside Rh1 on breast cancer cell extravasation based on CCL20-CCR6.Methods:In 2021,a total of 34 patients with breast cancer were treated in Baoding First Central Hospital.During hospitalization,pathological examinations were performed,and all the patients were diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinoma.Out of the 34 cases,16 cases were found to have CCR6 expression in breast cancer tissues,in which they were recorded as the CCR6 expression group,whereas 18 cases did not have CCR6 expression;these cases were recorded as the CCR6 non-expression group.During the same period,21 normal patients were selected as the control group.The peripheral blood CCL20 level and the expression of CCR6 on the surface of CD3+T lymphocytes were analyzed.The extracts of cancer cells were collected,purified,and cultured,and the effect of ginsenoside Rh1 on the invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells was analyzed.Results:The peripheral blood CCL20 level in the CCR6 expression group was significantly higher than that in the CCR6 non-expression group and the control group,in which p<0.05,indicating that the difference was statistically significant;at 12,24,and 48 hours,the cell survival rate of each dose group was significantly higher than that of the blank control group and the dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)group(p<0.05).At 48 hours,comparing the low-dose group with the high-dose group,the cell survival rate significantly decreased(p<0.05).Compared with the blank control group and DMSO group,the invasion ability of breast cancer cells could be reduced in both,high-and medium-dose groups,where p<0.05,indicating that the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion:CCL20 may play a role in the pathogenesis of certain breast cancers,and ginsenoside Rh1 can effectively regulate the invasion and migration of breast cancer cells.展开更多
文摘Forty-nine microbial strains were used to screen their ability for the microbiological transforma-tion of ginsenoside Rg1. Aspergillus niger (3.1858) and Absidia coerulea (3.3538) were found to convert ginsenoside Rg1 efficiently to less polar metabolites. Preparative scale transformation with both fungi Absidia coerulea (3.3538) and Aspergillus niger (3.1858) have resulted in the production of one same metabolite (MT1). Its structure was char-acterized as 6-O-b-D-glucopyranosyl-20(S)-protopanaxatriol (Ginsenoside Rh1) on the basis of its TOF-MS and 1H, 13C NMR spectral data. The biotransformation kinetic curves for Ginsenoside Rg1 and MT1 were reported for the first time, and the biotransformation pathway was proposed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81173578 and 81573493)Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD study(No.Z141102004414062)+2 种基金National 863 Program of China(No.2014AA020803)the PUMC Youth Fund and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.3332015136)the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Public Institutes(No.2015CX12)
文摘Ginsenoside Rg1(Rg1), the major effective component of ginseng, has been shown to have multiple bioactivities, but low oral bioavailability. The aim of this study was to develop a simple, sensitive and rapid high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry(LC–MS/MS) method, which could be used to validate and quantify the concentrations of Rg1 and its metabolites in Sprague-Dawley rat bile,urine, and feces after oral administration(25 mg/kg). Calibration curves offered satisfactory linearity(r40.995)within the determined ranges. Both intra-day and inter-day variances were less than 15%, and the accuracy was within 80–120%. The excretion recoveries of Rg1, ginsenoside Rh1(Rh1), and protopanaxatriol(Ppt) in bile,urine, and feces combined were all greater than 70%. The fecal excretion recoveries of Rg1, Rh1, and Ppt were40.11%, 22.19%, and 22.88%, respectively, whereas 6.88% of Rg1 and 0.09% of Rh1 were excreted in bile.Urinary excretion accounted for only 0.04% of Rg1. In conclusion, the observed excretion profiles for Rg1 and its metabolites after oral administration are helpful for understanding the poor oral bioavailability of Rg1 and will aid further investigations of Rg1 as a pharmacologically active component.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.40535025)Ministry of Education Project of Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences in Universities (07JJD790124)
文摘This study uses the data from a sample survey conducted in April 2007 on 1 251 rural households in 11 villages of Henan Province, the largest less developed agricultural province in China, to examine how geography affects rural household income （RHI）. The quantitative analysis indicates following results. I） The significance of the traditional geographical factors reduces as RHI rank increases. 2） The landform does not affect the RHI significantly. The per capita income of rural household in a plain area is lower than that in a mountainous area. And 3） the capital endowment and status of non-farm economic activities contribute to the increase of RHI. But the probability and intensity of non-farm economic activities of rural households in urban outskirts villages are higher than that in non-urban outskirts villages. Based on the results, the paper further concludes that geography still plays a significant role in rural development, but it is changing over time. The agricultural resources （such as per capita arable land） significantly affect RHI with the relatively lower income level, while the geographical location shows a more significant impact on RHI with the relatively high income level. Along with economic development, the proximity replaces the traditional geographical factors such as landform and physical resources as the major determining factor in RHI.
文摘目的:同时测定提取三七总皂苷后的母液中人参皂苷R g1、R h1的含量。方法:采用反相高效液相色谱法测定三七总皂苷中人参皂苷R g1,R h1的含量。色谱柱:M erck L i L ichro CART(r)C18(125 mm×4 mm,5μm,德国)。流动相:乙腈-水(19∶81、19∶81、40∶60、19∶81和19∶81)用80 m in的时间梯度洗脱。流速:1 m l/m in,检测波长为203 nm,柱温35oC。用外标法计算。结果:三七总皂苷母液中人参皂苷R g1的含量为23.07%,平均回收率为100.03%,RSD为0.49%;人参皂苷R h1的含量为12.05%,平均回收率为98.718%,RSD 0.42%。结论:提取三七总皂苷后剩余的母液中人参皂苷R g1、R h1的含量仍然很高,有很好的回收利用价值。
文摘A novel saponin was isolated from the transformed products of ginsenoside Rh1 by Bacillus subtilis. It's structure was determined to be 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-6-O-β-D-gluco- pyranosyl-20 (S)-protopanaxatriol on the basis of the spectral data.
基金supported by grants from The Medical Science Research Project of Hebei Province(20220282)the Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Early Diagnosis of Tumor in Hebei Province.
文摘Objective:To explore the regulatory mechanism of ginsenoside Rh1 on breast cancer cell extravasation based on CCL20-CCR6.Methods:In 2021,a total of 34 patients with breast cancer were treated in Baoding First Central Hospital.During hospitalization,pathological examinations were performed,and all the patients were diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinoma.Out of the 34 cases,16 cases were found to have CCR6 expression in breast cancer tissues,in which they were recorded as the CCR6 expression group,whereas 18 cases did not have CCR6 expression;these cases were recorded as the CCR6 non-expression group.During the same period,21 normal patients were selected as the control group.The peripheral blood CCL20 level and the expression of CCR6 on the surface of CD3+T lymphocytes were analyzed.The extracts of cancer cells were collected,purified,and cultured,and the effect of ginsenoside Rh1 on the invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells was analyzed.Results:The peripheral blood CCL20 level in the CCR6 expression group was significantly higher than that in the CCR6 non-expression group and the control group,in which p<0.05,indicating that the difference was statistically significant;at 12,24,and 48 hours,the cell survival rate of each dose group was significantly higher than that of the blank control group and the dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)group(p<0.05).At 48 hours,comparing the low-dose group with the high-dose group,the cell survival rate significantly decreased(p<0.05).Compared with the blank control group and DMSO group,the invasion ability of breast cancer cells could be reduced in both,high-and medium-dose groups,where p<0.05,indicating that the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion:CCL20 may play a role in the pathogenesis of certain breast cancers,and ginsenoside Rh1 can effectively regulate the invasion and migration of breast cancer cells.
